Geografa de los Equipamientos y Servicios de Salud
ÍNDICE . Introducción .1. Definición .2. Breve evolución histórica 2. Una organización pionera en temas de salud: la OMS y otros 3. Grandes desigualdades sanitarias, a diferentes economías diferentes servicios sanitarios y las patologías más frecuentes 4. Los sistemas de salud 4.1. Modelos de salud 4.2. Recursos 4.2.1. Recursos sanitarios 4.2.2. Recursos humanos 4.3. Distribución de recursos 4.4. Demanda 4.5. Distribución y accesibilidad 4.6. Zonificación sanitaria 5. Modelo sanitario en España 6. Conclusiones 7. Bibliografía . INTRODUCCIÓN .1. Definición del concepto de salud El nuevo concepto de salud definido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud en 1948 como "estado de completo bienestar físico, psíquico y social y no la mera ausencia de enfermedad, ha ampliado su campo de estudio y son cada vez mayores las aportaciones desde las ciencias sociales. El cuidado de la salud no es sólo un derecho, sino una obligación de todos. La evolución de los contenidos en Geografía Médica durante este siglo ha conducido a una disciplina de gran desarrollo sectorial, dando lugar a una nueva denominación, más amplia de Geografía de la Salud. .2. Breve evolución histórica. El origen de los estudios de Geografía Médica, se remonta a las Topografías Médica, a finales del siglo XVIII, si bien su proliferación tiene lugar en el siglo
Overview of South-Africa and Lesotho
AFRICAN TERRITORY: A VIBRANT AND MULTICULTURAL WORLD INTRODUCTION Human beings are distinguished from others by having different cultures and ways of seeing and living life. In this written work we are going to make an effort to get closer to the character of two countries which belong to the African continent; which is the cradle of humanity, and the oldest inhabited territory on Earth. These countries are South Africa and Lesotho. Through the research work we expect to encourage interest in learning not only the culture of these two countries but also their geography, weather, history, education, style of life, economy, religion and literature. We will develop them as separable sections on the general characteristics of these countries. The first topic that we manage is the geographic aspects of these countries that comprise the physical features, and then we decided to express how the people of these countries lived and perceived life. History will encompass the period from the first inhabitants of what is known as South Africa and Lesotho until the arrival of the Europeans colonizers, as well as the changes that have been generated in the two countries following the abolition of slavery and racial problems that made these people raised their voices and fought against any form of discrimination. Finally, we refer to literature and the influence on its societies. In
CAMBIO CLIMATICO
* INTRODUCCIÓN Se le llama cambio climático a cualquier tipo de alteración en el clima promedio que se presenta en una región a partir de las características de esa zona climática y del nivel de variabilidad de ellas. El cambio climático ha sido un tema que desde hace varias décadas ha formado parte de las investigaciones del medio científico. El cambio climático, es parte de la naturaleza misma del planeta, "la tierra tiende a experimentar dichos cambios en los patrones climáticos cada cien mil años, con los ciclos de avance y retroceso glaciar. Esto se da junto con otros períodos menores de enfriamiento cada veinte mil a cuarenta mil años."1 A pesar de este cambio de tipo natural, las acciones del hombre han tenido la capacidad de afectar al clima; en los últimos 150-200 años algunas actividades humanas han tenido influencia en la tasa de cambio del sistema climático. Las actividades humanas intensificaron la utilización de combustibles fósiles en la industrialización, el transporte, la minería ,la deforestación, entre otros; el uso estos combustibles fósiles han hecho que se acumulen niveles de bióxido de carbono "que no se habían registrado en la tierra desde hace 200,000 años."2 . También han aumentado en la atmósfera cantidades notables de gases como: el dióxido de carbono (CO2), el metano (CH4), el óxido nitroso (N2O) y los
Consider the role of child care professionals in promoting the holistic needs of looked after children in both foster and residential care.
Assignment title. Consider the role of child care professionals in promoting the holistic needs of looked after children in both foster and residential care. This assignment will consider the role of child care professionals in promoting the holistic needs of looked after children (LAC) in foster and residential care. The author will firstly define a looked after child then identify holistic needs in terms of defining a holistic assessment. The author will then identify foster and residential care then go on to look at an historical overview of LAC, making reference to high profile abuse inquiries which have led to significant changes in the laws and policy agendas. It will go on to examine the legal and policy frameworks underpinning children's services considering the implications as well as ethical dilemmas for social work practice, including multi-agency working, the balancing act of care and control and effective care planning for those looked after and those leaving care. In addition, the roles of residential and foster carers and the regulation of placements shall also be explored. The author also considers the needs of black, minority ethnic and unaccompanied asylum seeking children also taking into account theoretical perspectives, finally closing with a brief summary. For the purposes of the assignment the term child(ren) is used as defined by the Children Act
NEPAD has been proclaimed a "new dawn for Africa, since, for the first time in history of Africa, her leaders have collectively taken responsibility for the continent's development.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY NEPAD has been proclaimed a "new dawn for Africa, since, for the first time in history of Africa, her leaders have collectively taken responsibility for the continent's development. The dream of good governance, sustainable development, eradication of poverty and emancipation of women in a continent such as ours is indeed a brave one. Given the problems facing the continent and the difficulty in achieving the goals, it is no surprise that there is much skepticism. Observers have been asking, what is so different about NEPAD? Why should NEPAD succeed where other endeavors failed? The commitment of African leaders has also been questioned. Commentators argue that many African leaders do not seem to care about their own people, let alone those from other countries. We consider these questions and take into account South Africa's role. The European Union (EU), has successfully combined the talents of the European countries and has emerged as the largest economic union in the world, can we emulate this feat? We examine NEPADs strategy and analyse its goals and underlying principles. We consider the issues that affect Africa and look at how NEPAD is addressing these issues and what current best practice has been considered in drawing up its strategy. We look at South African role in NEPAD and analyse our own government's policies and actions. Are we leading
social science
Social Exclusion in the United Kingdom ........Social exclusion is a relatively new concept in the United Kingdom1. This is particularly so for academics studying in the area of social work and social policy analysis. Indeed, for some social scientists the emergence of the concept has been a challenge to ways of thinking about the analysis of society (Levitas 1996; Byrne 1997). Historically the United Kingdom has had a paradigm of social science that viewed social division with a distinctively different perspective from the current European usage of the concept of social exclusion. The nearest discourse to this in Anglo Saxon social science is the approach to the study of deprivation that focuses on poverty. Booth and Rowntree in the later part of the nineteenth and in the early part of the twentieth century established this tradition (Fraser 1973). Their works established a particular orientation to viewing deprived people in society from the perspective of poverty. The most significant component of poverty as they understood it was the lack of personal financial resources. Historically there has been an association of poverty studies with the academic study of social policy in the United Kingdom. In parallel the profession of social work has been informed by and is increasingly contributing to this analysis. In the last two decades of the twentieth century, however,
Targeting Travel Innovators
TARGETING TRAVEL INNOVATORS - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY One of the challenges that marketers of new travel products are faced with is identifying who will be the most likely traveller to purchase these products early in their product life cycle. These travellers, coined as travel innovators, are usually the ones most open to new experiences and it is often through endorsement emanating from them that the acceptance of the new product is accelerated to the broader market. This paper utilizes the Travel Activities and Motivation Survey (TAMS), that was conducted in 1999-2000 across Canada and the USA, to profile the group to which the travel innovators are most likely to belong - this is the group that reads travel related literature and attends travel related shows frequently (coined here as Travel Readers). The Canadian Travel Readers: Where to reach them Print media (daily and weekend newspapers and travel magazines) represents the best way to reach them. They are much more susceptible to advertising than other travellers, but only advertising in newspapers and magazines. TV ads do not have much of an impact on them. But, if TV is the medium of choice, then the ad should be scheduled during nature shows, movies on TV, news magazine shows and early evening news shows. The best approach for TV would be to incorporate any message about Ontario in one of these shows rather
Women at work
Women at Work By: Djurdjica (Lily) Ivkovic and Kamalika Barua Course Code: CIA 4U1 Teacher: Mr. Eskedjian Due Date: January, 15, 2009 Women and Work Throughout the 20th century women have had to fight harder to get ahead in the male owned workplace. With obstacles such as discrimination, lower wages, and the lack of management positions, it's hard for women to compete with men. Women of work is one of the important topics to discuss about, from day to day people don't realize many obstacles that women faced. This report will further outline the history of women which will help us understand the past. It will focus on the changes many women faced throughout the centuries as well as it will discuss women's work in other countries and ways of overcoming these obstacles. History Women's paid work in the nineteenth century Until confederation, Canada was a sparsely populated colony whose economy was based on farming, fishing, lumbering and fur trading (Wilson). Ontario and Quebec were the first to industrialize (Wilson). Both men and women earned money to buy things the family did not produce themselves (Wilson). Farmers earned seasonal income in fur trade, lumbering, or fishing; their wives sold or exchanged any extra vegetables, butter, cheese, eggs etc (Duby). Unmarried daughters, some widows and some married women worked in homes of wealthier neighbors if their
Development and subordination of women in the Third World.
Development and subordination of women in the Third World M. Arifur Rahman Introduction A good number of countries in Africa, Asia and Caribbean became independent nations in 20 years after the Second World War. These newly independent countries characterised by distorted economy, poor or non-existent system of service infrastructure, low level of education and fragile political system became known developing countries. Since then the world is divided into developed and developing countries. The people of the developing countries almost universally desire that these countries should be developed and considered desirable by almost everybody else. In the thinking of liberal economics development and economic growth were synonymous. Modernisation theory dominated liberal development thinking. Liberal economists identified lack of capital as the most common crucial obstacle to rapid economic growth. In the 1940s Western scholars and development planners perceived that the infusion of foreign aid, investment and increasing foreign trade can develop or modernise the tradition bound Third World countries. The policies of the World Bank were also influenced by this very modernisation theory. Many policies were adopted; strategies were implemented regarding the development of the Third World countries (Wayleen, 1993). But development issue always remained a question. Modernisation
The process of globalization and its impact on agriculture in Africa.
.0 introduction Globalisation is the term used to describe the recent impact of innovations in communications and transport systems on trade and the growing interdependence of countries due to economic sophistication and increased output. These innovations have encouraged nations to reduce the high levels of protection between trading blocks of countries and to adopt policies to liberalise their economies in order to increase their volume of trade, including trade in agricultural products. Globalization is a process of advancement and increase in interaction among the worlds Countries and peoples facilitated by progressive technological changes in locomotion, communication, political and military power, knowledge and skills, as well as interfacing of Cultural and value systems and practices. Globalization is not a value-free, innocent, self determining process. It is an international socio-politico-economic and cultural permeation Process facilitated by policies of governments, private corporations, international agencies and Civil society organizations. It essentially seeks to enhance and deploy a country’s (society’s or organization’s) economic, political, technological, ideological and military power and influence for competitive domination in the world. (Chomsky, 2000.) The growing and established consensus among development economists and policy-makers is