There are four key concepts of globalization, Stretched social relations, Rationalisation, Intensification and Interpenetration. Stretched social relations are the existence of cultural, economic and political
Explain the significance of Globalization to issues of development that been raised so far in the course. Globalization broadly refers to the expansion of global linkages, the organisation of social life on a global scale, and the growth of a global consciousness, and therefore to the consolidation of world society. Such an ecumenical definition captures much of what the term commonly means, but it's meaning is disputed. It includes several large processes; definitions differ in what they emphasise. Globalization is historically complex. The meaning of the term is itself a topic in global discussion; it may refer to "real" processes, to ideas that justify them, or to a way of thinking about them. There are four key concepts of globalization, Stretched social relations, Rationalisation, Intensification and Interpenetration. Stretched social relations are the existence of cultural, economic and political networks of connection across the world. Regionalisation is the Increased interconnection between states that border on each other. Intensification is the increased density of interaction across the globe which implies that the impacts of events are felt more strongly than before. Interpenetration is the extent to which apparently distant cultures and societies come face to face with each other at local level, creating increased diversity. There are three main approaches to
Critically access the importance of community involvement to community regeneration initiatives within urban rundown areas?
Community Development and Regeneration Critically access the importance of community involvement to community regeneration initiatives within urban rundown areas? Almost every regeneration initiative launched today places major emphasis on the need for 'community involvement'. There is a long history of community regeneration that stretches back to the 1960's. Urban programmes have developed from this; the ideology behind this is the idea that the local community has a role to play in urban regeneration. However, the issue of 'community involvement' in partnership with other associates who are concerned with the development and implementation of a regeneration strategy is a fairly prominent development in British urban policy. It is now one of the key principles of government actions not only in regeneration but in policy agendas such as health and education. This essay will critically assess the importance of community involvement to community regeneration initiatives within urban rundown areas. Firstly, there will be an explanation of the concept of community, and community regeneration, identifying the role the community can have in the regeneration of their neighbourhoods and how important this role is, then an account as to why sustainable regeneration is essential and why communities need regenerating. The essay will then explore what at present is being done to
Transnational Corporations - the Good, Bad and the Ugly Formatted
What is a TNC? TNCs (Trans-National Corporations) 'are corporations that operate in more than one country or nation at a time.' In fact, large TNCs like McDonalds, Nike and General Motors Company have become some of the most powerful economic and political entities in the world today. The rise of the brand name, globalisation, mergers and acquisitions have helped to expand the footprint of major TNCs to developing countries and increase the budget of such large TNCs to larger than some of the world's developing countries. For this reason, it is almost impossible to impose national law on these large TNCs, and they are effectively a law unto themselves. In fact, out of the top hundred economies in the world, 51 are TNCs and only 49 are countries. This leads to all sorts of ethical, social, environmental and labour problems, which cannot be fixed easily and so are usually left alone. This is one of the main reasons why TNCs are sometimes considered evil. TNCs are usually based in the larger countries like America, Japan etc. (Sources for the above: Fortune.com, 2002 Global 500, and World Bank, World Development Indicators online.) The Structure of a TNC The corporate structures of TNCs can be divided into two main sections, but there are infinite variations of a TNC's structure. The two main sections are horizontal corporate structures and vertical corporate structures, *
Do humans have a responsibility to prevent climate change?
Do humans have a responsibility to prevent climate change? Climate change is becoming a large controversial issue around the world and arguably the greatest threat facing our planet. Due to changing atmospheres and warming oceans, melting large icecaps, increased severe weather outbursts and warnings for droughts and floods, there is a large amount of human uncertainty as to what will happen next. These problems will harm the poorest countries and peoples the most due to their vulnerable locations and limited resources which make it difficult or impossible for them to adapt1, but should humans really be liable for the affects of the planet? This essay will first discuss what climate change actually means before looking into if and why humans have a responsibility for prevent it, it will also be necessary to mention human rights as they play a huge part in this question. Climate change is often defined as a change in the "average weather" that a given region experiences. When we speak of climate change on a global scale, we are referring to changes in the climate of the Earth as a whole, including temperature increases (global warming) or decreases, and shifts in wind patterns and precipitation.2 The global average sea level is projected to increase over the next 100 years by between 9 and 88 cm for the full range of emissions scenarios3. This rise has been shown to be
adults social work
What happens to family life/partnership when dementia is diagnosed? Introduction The purpose of this study is to identify what happens to family life after dementia is diagnosed. This includes the impact of being separated from a partner or spouse when dementia is diagnosed. The research will try to show how dementia can be seen as an end to family life as the mental capacity of a person with dementia is limited. It also aims to research whether there is a need for specialised accommodation to assist in the care of the service user and create a positive way for couples to maintain family life with dementia. Rationale This research project developed from my role as a carer working for the local authority from 2006 to date. I noticed that many service users were alone at home and their partners were in a residential nursing home. Scourfield (2004 :502) has said that over the last two decades there has been a significant shift in which services in which the criteria for nursing care was provided by the being eligible for supplementary benefits. In 1983 the government policies which were introduced, allowed people to be funded by the social security system if they were on a low income. Scourfield (2004: 502) also acknowledges the 1980's and 1990's policies opened up the private sector as payments were available for service users on low income so long as they fitted the
Terrorism and Al Qaeda
Terrorism Paper 1/16/09 Al-Qaeda There are several terrorist groups throughout the world today. All the terrorist groups have one common goal and that is to rid the world of Americans and western influence from the Muslim world. There is one organization that has ties to most of all the terrorist groups in the world and is the most infamous group in the world today and that is the group called Al-Qaeda The word Al-Qaeda means "the base" in Muslim. As an international terrorist organization led by Osama bin Laden. The group seeks to rid Muslim countries of western influence and replace them with fundamentalist Islamic regimes. Al-Qaeda grew out of the of the ashes of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1988, after it helped expel the Soviet occupation. In 1990, Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and the build up of 500,000 troops from the United Sates and its allies enraged the leader of Al-Qaeda and with that he issued a declaration of war on the United States and its interest around the world. Also in the 1990's Al-Qaeda stepped up its aggression against the United States with an attack on the World Trade Center and the arming of the AL-Ittihad Al-Islamiya and attacks in Somalia that killed 18 special operation soldiers during the Battle of Mogadishu. Al-Qaeda was responsible for the US embassy attacks in Kenya and Tanzania. Some of the other attacks that Al-Qaeda was
An assessment of the demographic impact of colonial Kenya.
An assessment of the demographic impact of colonial Kenya. In order to study demography, an understanding of related variables is essential; population size and distribution, gender, birth and death records, fertility, mortality (infant and adult), natural increase, life expectancy and data on migratory movements. All of these are terms associated with 'demography' and factors that would preferably need to be studied when considering the demographic change in Colonial Kenya. However, in assuming that the colonial period began with the Berlin Conference of 1886 dividing Africa up between the Colonial Powers of Europe (the Scramble for Africa), and eventually came to an end at Independence in 1963 (for Kenya), the population data for most of this period are estimations or inadequate enumerations and therefore unreliable for an accurate study. (The first official census in Kenya wasn't until 1948). The figures obtained are perhaps more use as a guideline to trends and patterns rather than as specific quantities. In light of the aim - to determine the demographic change in Colonial Kenya, on instinct, one view would be that when the Europeans arrived in Kenya, the European population increased and the African population decreased, due to the resulting famine and disease etc. On closer inspection of methods of enumeration, results and specific examples, it is evident that the
Child Development Journal
Observation 1 Child A Setting In the classroom Age of child and year group 8 years old, year 4 Child A was in his form group and the lesson was Home Economics. All the children in the class were planning to make a salad. They were shown a list of food items on the board and had to choose at least 1 from each of the 3 columns. The first column consisted of pasta and rice, the second of tuna, bacon and cheese, and the third of sweet corn, carrots, cucumber and lettuce. The children were then asked to write their choices in their books and then draw pictures of them. Child A started drawing pictures. A female teaching assistant asked child A what he was doing. He said "I'm drawing my salad". She told him he needed to write the names of the food first and then draw them. He did not respond. She then asked him what the drawings were. He said "A strawberry, a banana, some grapes and an apple". She told him he needed to choose some of the food that was listed on the board. He said "But this is what I'm putting in my salad". She rubbed out his drawings and asked him what food he was going to choose. He said "A strawberry, a banana, some grapes and an apple". He started picking pencils out of a pot. She told him he needed to choose some food from the board; he started drawing his fruit again and repeated what the fruit was. She rubbed out the drawings again and told him if
The emergence in London(TM)s Labour market of occupational as well as income polarisation, and of a migrant division of labour
The emergence in London's Labour market of occupational as well as income polarisation, and of a 'migrant division of labour'. Suggests that Sassen was right all along. Discuss. The term "global City', which is first thought to have been coined by Saskia Sassen in her book " The Global City" in reference in New York, Tokyo and London stands for countries which have a disproportionate amount of control of Global business. Most major cities are known to be command centers for any international trading, banking and services the country need. However, in relation to globalization, these cities have a change of functioning, which can be broken down into the processes taken from Sassen (1991): . Extremely concentrated points of command in the functioning of the world economy. 2. Having had manufacturing replaced by specialized services they now serve as main locations for banking and finance 3. Renowned sites for the production of innovations, in these leading industries they serve as sites of production. The aspiration of most developed countries in this age is to reach the status of a "Global-city" however, only a limited number of these cities manage to develop into internationally recognized transnational locations and as stated by Susan. S Fainstein there is no convincing evidence that "shows that the inhabitants of global cities and their surrounding regions fare
With reference to one or more MEDC country, evaluate the effects of regional development policies
"With reference to one or more MEDC country, evaluate the effects of regional development policies" Regional development policies were created to financially assist identified areas of countries that were suffering in some way. Usually these policies can be associated with attempts to regenerate areas suffering from unemployment and other effects of de-industrialisation, such as the 'Enterprise Zones', two of which were located in Corby and Dudley, in the East and West Midlands respectively. Regional policies were started in the 1930's in Britain, as an attempt to counteract the Great Depression. Since then, successive governments have adopted regional policies, but their commitment to them has varied, depending on their political views and, naturally, the state of the economy. All countries in the EU are entitled to some finance from the European Regional Development Fund although spending since 1988 has been largely aimed at targeting lesser-developed rurally based countries and regions, such as Portugal, Campania (Italy) and Central Spain. Areas of more developed countries that are in difficulty are also given additional financial assistance (e.g. within the United Kingdom, Wales, the Midlands, the North of England and Scotland have been given support and backing from regional development programmes). Key players of respective nations (e.g. entrepreneurs, members of