Identify any barriers clients may face in accessing the chosen service.

E3 Identify any barriers clients may face in accessing the chosen service. There are many different factors affecting clients accessing health care even though clients have a right to a health care service, they don't always use it. There are several reasons for this. Firstly clients attitudes, health is a very personal thing, not every one takes the same attitude towards there own health. People do not like going to see doctors for a variety of reasons. This could involve embarrassment, indifferences to there own health and the fear of consequences. The NHS also has a low reputation due to slow services and a general negativity from the public making clients less willing to use the service. Other factors such as waiting lists steer people away from the NHS but, also cause other barriers. As hospital capacity is limited and people referred by GP's can sometimes wait a long time for basic medical procedures. At certain types of the year, for example winter, hospitals have to operate a one-in-one out policy. Elderly patients have been the most likely to face this problem. Elderly clients also come across a problem known as bed-blocking; this means that although they no longer need health care they cannot be discharged with out appropriate care. As many elderly clients have to wait for a place in a residential care home, how ever these are very limited so clients wait in

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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Health and social careHow the pharmacist applies the care value base

The structure of social care in England Parliament Secretary of State for Health Department of Health Local Authorities Social services committees Social services department Type of care services HEALTH Statutory - NHS Trusts - required by law Private - Private companies - run on a profit Voluntary - Charities - non-profit basis Statutory sector organisations - organised at government (national), regional and local levels National - Parliament, Secretary of State for Health, Department of Health, National voluntary organisations' headquarters Regional - NHS health authorities, voluntary organisations' regional headquarters, regional offices of private health and social care agencies Local - NHS Trusts, local voluntary organisations, local authorities, social services departments, primary care trusts, voluntary organisations' local offices, private health and social care agencies, informal carers The DOH (department of health) is responsible for: - deciding what needs to be done and how it will be put into practice - providing safe, quality services - deciding which part of the service gets what amount of money The structure of health services Before 1948, health services were provided in a mixture of ways, voluntary, local authorities, employers and private care. There was no co-ordination of services. usually people had to pay for health care. Many

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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Radiographic Imaging. The X-ray examination this assignment will critique is that of the Chest; chosen because it appears to be the most common procedure performed within X-ray departments.

Radiographic imaging Part A The X-ray examination this assignment will critique is that of the Chest; chosen because it appears to be the most common procedure performed within X-ray departments. There are two main projections for completing chest X-rays; the first and most common is the AP/PA projection which can be performed with a patient standing (erect technique) or in the supine position; for example, if confined to bed. The second projection is the lateral grid. It is important to check why the x-ray has been request to ensure appropriate positioning for diagnostic imaging. Darovic (1998:2) points out this significance; "fluid in the pleural space (pleural effusion) will fill in or "blunt" the costophrenic angle if the patient is upright when the X-ray is taken. If the patient is supine, pleural fluid is evenly distributed along the posterior pleural space and can't be detected". The exposure factors for both of these techniques are as follows: Position kV mAs AP/PA 25 .00 Lateral grid 17 2.5 A kV value of 125, for the AP/PA projection, is used because the image produced requires a low contrast for a quality diagnostic image. The x-ray beam becomes more energetic with higher voltage settings; thus the more energetic the "less effect the different levels of tissue density will have in attenuating the beam" (http://www.e-radiography.net). A chest

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  • Level: University Degree
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The Effects of Relative Deprivation on Children

Nancy Chock FYC Gerben 2/25/04 The Effects of Relative Deprivation on Children Like everyone else, children compare themselves to the people around them and assess their own self-worth in accordance to the conclusions they draw from such evaluations. It seems logical then that those children who do not have as many commodities as their peers notice their economic deficiencies and are affected negatively because they feel they are deprived or inferior to their companions. This reasoning is the basis of the relative deprivation theory. According to Nripesh Podder and Todd Sandler who wrote the academic article, "Relative Deprivation, Envy and Economic Inequality," in the journal Kyklos, relative deprivation occurs when a person does not have and wants a commodity that another person has and believes it is feasible that he should have it (354). Past studies have found that relative deprivation does indeed have negative effects on people, including children. However, the problems associated with relative deprivation are slight in comparison to the tribulations an environment without it presents. It is far better for children, particularly those who are underprivileged, to be raised in neighborhoods of heterogeneous incomes (where both rich and poor people reside) and where relative deprivation is high than to live in homogeneous income areas where the condition is at a

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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Patients lived experience with an altered health status

NJ203 Medical and Surgical Nursing. The purpose of this assignment is to explore the patients lived experience of the altered health status prior to their admission to hospital, I will also discuss the role of the professional nurse in meeting some of the needs of the patient and examine the care give whilst hospitalised. An altered health status can interrupt the patient in numerous ways, and lives can be influenced in social, emotional, physical, spiritual, financial and other ways. It is crucial that a full and accurate assessment is carried out as soon after admission as possible to establish the patient's previous routines, levels of independence, and health needs, both actual and potential, related to each activity of daily living (Roper et al 2000). It is necessary to consider all these factors to ensure that the patient receives holistic care and is not just treated from a medical point of view. For the purpose of this assignment I will refer to the patient as Mary who's care I was involved with whilst on placement on a medical ward. I have changed her name to protect her confidentiality which complies with Section 5 of the NMC Code of Professional Conduct (2002). I have chosen to write about Mary's circumstances as I feel strongly that there appeared to be a lack of support between her social and medical needs. I have gained Mary's consent to base this essay on her

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  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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Action Researching Health Aspirations amonst New Zealand Maori

Final Report Introduction Ngati He and Ngai Te Ahi are two hapu in Tauranga Moana. Together they have formed Ngati He, Ngai Te Ahi Hauora (the Hauora), a kaupapa Maori health organisation to drive improvement in the health and wellness of their whanau. The Hauora has been delivering services to their community for almost a decade and this time has been a time of learning for the trustees, staff and community. The face of the health sector is changing at both local and national levels, the current set of reforms began in 2001 and these have led to increased focus on locally responsive and led services. As a result, the Hauora trustees have started to consider how their priorities are set and how non-Maori have influenced their decisions regarding service provision. Western Bay of Plenty Primary Health Organisation (WBOPPHO) recently approached the Hauora along with other kaupapa Maori providers in the area requesting that they conduct a needs assessment of their constituent hapu. The proposed needs assessment was intended to align with previous work conducted by the Bay of Plenty District Health Board (BOPDHB) and the WBOPPHO. However, the Hauora identified that the illness focused indicators of health utilized by these agencies were at odds with the wellness focused, kaupapa Maori approach espoused by their own people. The Hauora is developing their own approach

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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Discuss the changes that have occurred in primary care in England during the last 10 years. What has been the impact on patients? How might developments in general practice continue over the next 10 years?

Discuss the changes that have occurred in primary care in England during the last 10 years. What has been the impact on patients? How might developments in general practice continue over the next 10 years? Philippa Callegari General Practice is a well-used and valued public service. Eight out of ten people visit their general practitioner (GP) every year 1 and 99% of the English population are registered with a GP. The service costs £8.2 billion (including prescribed drugs), which is one fifth of the NHS total expense.2 The main development in health care policy has been the introduction of market mechanisms within the NHS 3. This move was the initiative of the Conservative Party and aimed at giving the Primary Health Care Team (PHCT) more say over the delivery of secondary care. Its purpose was to increase efficiency and limit increases in expenditure. The development of general practice (GP) fundholding which began to appear in 1989 4, was also part of this plan to have the NHS run from a primary care outlook and was articulated as such in 1994 5. As a result of increasing demands and rising costs in the early 1990's, the Conservative government split the NHS up into providers (i.e. hospitals) and purchasers (i.e. local health authorities and some fundholders) 4. The government encourages this development as GP fundholding lowered prescribing costs. By 1998, over half

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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The Hospice Movement represents one Christian response to the problem of pain and suffering. Explain how a hospice works and what it seeks to achieve.

The Hospice Movement represents one Christian response to the problem of pain and suffering. Explain how a hospice works and what it seeks to achieve. The Hospice Movement is a Christian alternative to euthanasia. They were first founded by Christians who were at the forefront in looking for compassionate alternatives to euthanasia. The Hospice Movement is a place where terminally ill people are cared for with the donations, grants and gifts made by relatives and supporters. Many people working there are volunteers who want to help the terminally ill and feel better for doing it. They work to improve the quality of life of the terminally ill patients and make their passing as easy and as painless as possible. They are open to all who needs its care, regardless of race, creed or ability to pay, and they research the support that is needed and required by patients to make them happier. An example of a Hospice that cares for the terminally ill in Plymouth is St Luke's Hospice Plymouth. When faced with the reality of having an incurable illness such as cancer, they believe that a person needs the best care possible. St Luke's Hospice Plymouth provides that care to hundreds of people a year from throughout the South West of Devon and the South East of Cornwall. The care is not just medical and nursing, but incorporates practical, financial, emotional and spiritual support as

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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Why is 'mental illness' a contested term?

Why is "mental illness a contested term? The label 'mental illness' is highly stigmatising to many given it encourages people to think of 'the mentally ill' as an entirely separate group from 'people like us', rather than as ordinary people who have, for whatever reason, more severe emotional difficulties to cope with. Popular misconceptions, fuelled by the media, depict 'the mentally ill' as violent and dangerous. These stereotypes are contradicted by ordinary people's experiences of mental health problems affecting themselves, their family, friends or work colleagues. Mental illness is a narrow meaning often used by psychological and psychiatric services. By placing an emphasis on the word illness we acknowledge the need for medical treatment. But there are certain difficulties with describing some one as mentally ill as there is no universally agreed cut-off point between normal behaviour and that described as mental illness. (Reader, David L Rosenham p p70-78) What is considered abnormal behaviour or an abnormal reaction to circumstances differ between cultures, social groups within the same culture and even different social situations. The use of the term mental illness may be misleading if it is taken to mean that all mental health problems are solely caused by medical or biological factors. In fact, most mental health problems result from a complex interaction of

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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This paper attempts to carry out a critical review of two research articles and examine their appropriateness as reference sources in the compilation of The Essence of Care (DoH, 2001).

In the document The Essence of Care (DoH, 2001) the National Health Service (NHS) is encouraged to ensure uniform provision of high quality health care by exploring the benefits of benchmarking. This paper attempts to carry out a critical review and of two research articles and examine their appropriateness as reference sources in the compilation of The Essence of Care (DoH, 2001). I shall look at the privacy and dignity benchmark focussing on privacy, dignity and modesty factor. Essence of Care shall be looked at briefly and also illustrate how best practice is achieved through process benchmarking. I shall also draw on evidence from other literature reviews relating to attaining best practice. In conclusion I shall relate evidence from my area of practice and also offer evidence based recommendations on best practices from other trusts that can be copied by my trust. The Essence of Care offers nurses a toolkit for reflecting on, comparing and sharing best practices, to improve continuously the care offered to patients (Davies, 2002). Best clinical practice benchmarking involves reaching a consensus on what constitutes best practice by examining processes by which it is achieved and using them to compare individual practices. The Essence of Care (DoH, 2001) document defines privacy as freedom from intrusion, dignity as being worth of respect and modesty, as not being

  • Word count: 2033
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Subjects allied to Medicine
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