Case Study. This essay will examine the nursing process involved in managing chronic venous leg ulcers (CVLU).
This essay will examine the nursing process involved in managing chronic venous leg ulcers (CVLU). The decision to focus on CVLU was made during a community placement where their treatment accounted for more than half of nurse’s workload. According to Posnett et al. (2009), CVLU affect 1-2% of the UK population with over half having an active ulcer for more than one year, costing the National Health Service (NHS) between £266- £314 million. Personal cost to individuals living with CVLU was highlighted by Briggs & Flemming (2007). They report the majority of CVLU sufferers find it incapacitating with physical impacts such as pain & reduced mobility along with psychological impacts of low self-esteem, depression & social isolation. NHS Choices (2012a) define leg ulcers as sores below the knee that are non-healing by six weeks. They advise that different ulcers such as diabetic, traumatic & arterial ulcers can occur however Brown (2011) states around 80% of ulcers are venous. CVLU occur when blood in the lower extremities cannot adequately return to the heart causing hypertension & congestion in the legs. This occurs when calf muscle pump function is reduced, failing to pump blood back towards the heart or if valves in the leg veins that normally prevent blood flowing backwards are damaged. Pressure forces blood and fluid through the capillaries, resulting in irritation to
How should the NHS make funding decisions about cancer drugs?
How should the NHS make funding decisions about cancer drugs? This essay will examine the criteria that should be taken into account by the National Health Service (NHS) with regard to making funding decisions related to cancer drugs. It will first consider how the NHS currently reaches such decisions before focusing on if the opinion of the patients themselves should be a factor. This will be followed by what the most efficient method of making such judgements would be, and on how equitable concerns would affect efficiency. Then the debate on whether patients should be allowed to pay for additional or alternative drugs themselves (co-payments) will be discussed, before finally taking into account methods of rationing that could be employed. To begin it is important to establish how the NHS presently make funding judgments regarding cancer drugs, as it is rather redundant to theorize how the process should occur without considering what may be wrong with the current system. Decisions in relation to drugs funding are made by local Primary Care Trusts (PCTs), of which there are 151 across the UK, that receive an annual budget based on the population within their catchment area. They must take into account two key aspects; firstly the current government policy that can be found in the 2011 Department of Health ‘Improving Outcomes: A Strategy For Cancer’ and secondly the
Assuming you are a manager leading a change programme within the NHS, identify and discuss at least five (5) types of power that characterise the different stakeholders within the NHS. What are the main strengths and weaknesses in terms of power that you may possess as the manager?
HS1116 There are many stakeholders whose powers influence developments within the NHS. Assuming you are a manager leading a change programme within the NHS, identify and discuss at least five (5) types of power that characterise the different stakeholders within the NHS. What are the main strengths and weaknesses in terms of power that you may possess as the manager? The assignment is about identifying different types of stakeholder powers which influence development within the National Health Services (NHS) and the strength and weaknesses managers have in terms of power. A stakeholder is an organisation/individual who can influence or is affected by the attainment of a corporation’s purpose (Phillips, 2003). HealthKnowledge (2011) claims types of stakeholders as internal stakeholders who partake in the harmonisation, support, resourcing and publication of the stratagem from a native health and wellbeing companionship. External stakeholders who engross in sponsoring own sentimental and experience around discoursing important facility operator’s problems and local community affiliates. Stakeholders are analysed into quadrants depending on how influential and important they are in decision making (HealthKnowledge, 2011). The following are the stakeholders who have an impact on NHS changes (Department of Health, 2011). -The Government -Health professionals
The purpose of this paper is to briefly describe leukaemia, provide a discussion of the role of the nurses in the early diagnosis, prevention as well as follow up of patients as far as leukaemia is concerned, provide a teaching plan, and identify local resources within the Wilkes-Barre community in Pennsylvania.
Leukaemia Leukaemia Author Institution Name Course Number/Name Instructors Name Date of Submission Leukaemia Leukaemia is the word that is commonly used to refer to a set of disorders which involve the increase within blood circulation of immature leucocytes which are known as blasts (Koren and Lishner, 2010). These may also be referred to as haematological neoplasms and are associated with systems such as the circulatory system and the lymphoid system besides organs such as bones (Shapira, Pereg and Lishner, 2008). Leukaemia may be considered a word that describes a broad spectrum of malignancies associated with the immune system cells and organs (Gribben, 2008). The purpose of this paper is to briefly describe leukaemia, provide a discussion of the role of the nurses in the early diagnosis, prevention as well as follow up of patients as far as leukaemia is concerned, provide a teaching plan, and identify local resources within the Wilkes-Barre community in Pennsylvania. Leukaemia affects more adults in comparison to children with 90% of those diagnosed with the disease being twenty years of age or older. The various types of leukaemia include acute lymphoblastic leukaemia whose subtypes include precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, precursor T acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, Burkitt’s leukaemia as well as acute biphenotypic leukaemia
Research Awareness. As a student nurse, my research will be searching for articles relating to respect and dignity in end of life care,
________________ Contents Page 2 – Intoduction Pages 3-5 – Method Page 6-7 – Findings Page 8 – Reflection Page 9 – Reference Page ________________ Introduction This assignment will be an individual report, of a search of literature, on the topic of respect and dignity. As the topic of respect and dignity is so broad, I wanted to focus my search on respect and dignity in end of life care. This was chosen as my clinical placement area, has a small number of patients that are for end of life care. I wanted to gain knowledge and develop my understanding on this topic, as this will benefit me in my clinical placement and further on in my nursing career. According to the NMC code of conduct, all nurses and midwives must follow the code, which lays out standards of conduct and ethics, one of which is “make the care of people your first concern, treating them as individuals and respecting their dignity”.(NMC 2010). Firstly this report will show why research is important to the nursing profession and any other health profession. I will then identify search strategies I used including key words, dates and exclusions. The report will describe the tools I used, such as databases and indexes and why I chose them. Also the report will include my findings on articles that were appropriate to my topic and why I retrieved these articles and
Possible Weaknesses of the Mental Health Act 2007
Kevin Abanilla Social Policy Possible Weaknesses of the Mental Health Act 2007 In July 2007, the government made amendments to the Mental Health Act 1983 and the Mental Capacity Act 2005. The government intended to modernise and improve the old legislation. A large part of the act remains the same; nevertheless, the new act presented very significant changes which include the introduction of the Supervised Community Treatment. This is the new supervision procedure for patients who are discharged from hospital and put back in the community. Another change is the redefining of the professional roles, which simply means that there are more mental health professionals treating and being responsible for one patient. Another change is the independent mental health advocacy. This gives mental health patients an opportunity to acquire a mental health advocate if they qualify. The changes of the new mental health act seem to be very good and beneficial to mental health patients. It appears to be that the government really does care a lot about the nation’s well-being and mental health. However, by critically assessing these changes and looking behind the picture, we may find some weaknesses on how these services are being offered. Let us talk about the Supervised Community Treatment, which appear to be really beneficial. A mental health patient who has been
Intervention and Theoretical Paper. This paper will highlight the interventions that are necessary for individuals with mental retardation and the developmental issues that are faced by these individuals.
Intervention and Theoretical Paper RUNNING HEAD: Intervention and Theoretical Paper Intervention and Theoretical Paper Aundrea Riley PSY 6668 Human Lifespan and Development J. Larry Hornsby, Ed.D July 22, 2012 Introduction There exists a lack of approach in the provision of vocational training and other rehabilitation services, which are important in helping Mentally Retarded (MR) individuals to cope with their situation. Hence, individuals with serious mental problems have not been able to evaluate their inherent potential as they have received limited counseling and training. There is the need to formulate programs where the mentally retarded individuals can effectively make use of their capabilities (Burack, Hodapp, & Zigler, 1998). This paper will highlight the interventions that are necessary for individuals with mental retardation and the developmental issues that are faced by these individuals. Discussion Issues concerning Mentally Retarded (MR) individuals People with mental retardation exhibit high rates of disturbance. Psychiatric problems that these individuals face exacerbate their difficulties and become a major source of impediment for the community placement for these individuals. Through the expansion of research which has led to the emergence of new knowledge on the necessary intervention for individuals with mental retardation,
Care versus Control: make a critical analysis of the debate, locating it in terms of policy and professional practice fo Approved Mental Health Professionals.
‘Care versus Control’: make a critical analysis of the debate, locating it in terms of policy and professional practice. This essay is going to reflect upon the tensions of care versus control and related dilemmas of rights versus risks that mental health social workers, particularly those who are Approved Mental Health Professionals (AMHP), face in practice. These issues shall be considered predominantly in relation to “applications for compulsory admission to hospital for assessment or for treatment under Part 2 of the [Mental Health Act 1983] (s13)” (Brown, 2009, p. 63). First the role of AMHP, the MHA and policy guidance will be outlined. Due to limited words, issues associated with questions over capacity and the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA) will not be discussed, nor will Community Treatment Orders despite their great relevance to this discussion. The term ‘patient’ will be used for consistency with the language of the legislation. Approved Mental Health Professional, Mental Health Act and Code of Practice Rapaport and Manthorpe (2008) explain that social work recognised the potential for oppression and discrimination in mental health services and that the role of Approved Social Worker (ASW) came about to safeguard against the power of medical professionals, bringing an alternative perspective. The Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA) was revised by
Pulmonary tuberculosis. My objectives was to learn more about mycobacterium tuberculosis, and overview on pulmonary tuberculosis
Amira saidin – manchestersem3 Introduction (TB thesis sem 3) Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the microorganism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can affect several organs of the human body, including the brain, the kidneys and the bones; but most commonly it affects the lungs (Pulmonary Tuberculosis). The first stage of the infection usually lasts for several months. During this period, the body's natural defenses (immune system) resist the disease, and most or all of the bacteria are walled in by a fibrous capsule that develops around the area. Before the initial attack is over, a few bacteria may escape into the bloodstream and be carried elsewhere in the body, where they are again walled in. In many cases, the disease never develops beyond this stage - and is referred to as TB infection. If the immune system fails to stop the infection and it is left untreated, the disease progresses to the second stage, active disease. There, the germ multiplies rapidly and destroys the tissues of the lungs (or the other affected organ). In some cases, the disease, although stoped at first, flares up after a latent period. Sometimes, the latent period is many years, and the bacteria become active when the opportunity presents itself, especially when immunity is low. The second stage of the disease is manifested by destruction or "consumption" of the tissues
Team working and the NMC code.
Team working and the NMC code. (Word count - 2136) This essay will discuss the positive and negative aspects of inter-professional collaboration, using examples from personal experiences of the collaborative group work during the module which developed the author’s awareness and skills for the future nursing career. The aim of this essay is to look at the significance of inter-professionally working within a multidisciplinary team in order to achieve the best patient-focused care. Within this essay the names and settings will not be disclosed in order to protect confidentiality (NMC 2008). The purpose of this essay is firstly to see what the NMC code means by effective and co-operative teamwork of nurses and highlight the issues that arise from collaboration such as fairness and anti-discrimination, respect of the professionals’ knowledge and experience, sharing the skills, taking advice from colleagues. Secondly it will be considered whether working in team makes better results than if people work alone. Finally, the effectiveness of what the author learnt during the Fundamentals of Professional Practice module will be discussed. These will include: communication skills, reflective practice, ethics and values of professional practice, principles and codes of professional practice. ________________ A team demands ‘collaborative, not competitive, effort,
