Explain mental health promotion.
Question: Explain Mental Health Promotion It is a well-known fact that the suicide rate amongst teenagers in Australia is one of the highest in the world and (1). Bearing this in mind it is imperative that we begin to recognize the contributing factors that lead to depression and suicide amongst our teenagers and develop a plan to reduce these statistics and their impact on our nation. There are many definitions of mental health promotion, essentially it is promoting mental well-being, by increasing public awareness and establishing programs to support individuals and communities. This advocacy is necessary to address the modifiable determinants of health, which include socio-economic background, home environment, education, employment, work conditions and accessibility of health. Traditionally mental health services were isolated from mainstream health services and society this created a stigma and resulted in this group being one of the most disadvantaged groups (2). The Victorian Mental Health Promotion Foundation has put together a mental health promotion framework whereby in consultation with over one hundred organizations from a variety of sectors have identified three factors that significantly influence mental health. These include: social connectedness, valuing diversity and economic participation. Mental Health Promotion Framework Determinants of
Observation and reflection. Measuring vital signs - Temperature, Pulse, Respiration and Blood Pressure.
OBSERVATIONS Temperature, Pulse, Respiration and Blood Pressure Temperature, pulse, respirations and blood pressure are the vital signs which indicate the body's ability to regulate body temperature, maintain blood flow, and oxygenate body tissues. Vital signs indicate patients' responses to the physical, environmental, and psychological stressors. Vital signs may also reveal sudden changes in a patient's condition (NICE 2007). A change in one vital sign can directly lead to a detection of a change in another vital sign. As a first year student l was allocated a new post-operative patient from the theatres to the orthopaedic ward by my mentor and to record patients' observations. The British journal of Nursing (2006) states that patient's vital signs need to be measured and recorded upon arrival to a health care facility as well as on admission to the ward. I also had the opportunity to do baseline observations. According to the Emergency Medical Service, 2006, p194, the baseline observation is used to ...."identify the patient's condition, such as the improvement, stability or deterioration." Prior to going over to the patient, l made sure that my equipment was clean and functioning well. l also had to have the MEWS Chart where l would record the vital signs data. MEWS is acronym for the 'Modified Early Warning System'. In the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC 2008) Code
Why was reform of public health considered necessary in Britain in the 19 century? What reforms took place and what part did Edwin Chadwick play in achieving them?
Public Health in the 19th Century. Why was reform of public health considered necessary in Britain in the 19 century? What reforms took place and what part did Edwin Chadwick play in achieving them? A reform of Public health was extremely necessary, if not vital, due mainly to the fact that there were far too many people dying from lack of hygiene. During the first half of the nineteenth century, the living conditions of the working classes in Britain were utterly appalling. The main problem was sewage. The disposal of sewage and other waste had always been a huge problem amongst the urban population. Though people living in rural areas tended to bury their rubbish or dump it in isolated spots, in urbanised society piles of decaying waste could be seen regularly in the streets and courtyards of the poorer areas, with their row-upon-row of back-to-back dwellings. If not dumped in the streets, waste would be discarded into rivers or streams, from which, later, they would use the same water for drinking. The water problem was another serious obstacle during the first half of the nineteenth century, when many families were forced to share contaminated wells. If not, there would commonly be one river for a whole town, from which would be collected as drinking or bathing water, but which also served as a deposit bank for waste and garbage. The cholera epidemic of 1831 had
Improving pain management in cancer patients
Improving pain management in cancer patients Abstract Pain is often the most feared aspect of cancer. Therefore, pain management is an ongoing and important issue, which concerns many patients and health professionals alike. Many misbeliefs from health professionals and patients, such as "pain is an unmanageable and inevitable feature of advanced cancer" or "opioids cause addiction" have led, and are still leading to ineffective pain management that causes unnecessary suffering and reduces quality of life. Recent advances in the understanding of pain and pain management are shifting the trend from unnecessary suffering and reduced quality of life to effectively controlling pain in up to 90% of cancer patients. New treatment options that have been developed to control pain effectively do not only include new technologies and advances in pharmacology but also ways of caring for the cancer patient and changes in the whole health care sector. Some major breakthroughs in pain management such as controlled release morphine and patient controlled analgesia pumps have replaced outdated and less effective methods of pain management. Furthermore, many alternative measures of controlling pain in cancer patients, such as acupuncture, massage and relaxation have proven to be helpful as adjuncts to therapy in pain control. Such alternative measures have been known for many years and
Presbyopia and Progressive Powered Lenses.
Reflection on the occupational dispense Visual defects are mostly caused by genetic factors or age-related diseases. There are three focusing states of the eye: emmetropia, hypermetropia and myopia. Also, presbyopia is a state of the eye that occurs when the eye is loosing the ability to focus on close up objects and it occurs on people after the age of 40 years due to the gradual and progressive age - related loss of accommodation. Referring to presbyopia, according to A Glasser (2010), presbyopia is the gradual and progressive age-related loss of accommodative amplitude. The progressive loss of accommodation begins early in life and culminates in a complete loss of accommodation by about 55 years of age. The exact mechanism of presbyopia are not known with certainty; the research evidence most strongly supports a loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens, although changes in the lens's curvature from continual growth and loss of power of the muscles that bend and straighten the crystalline lens (known as the ciliary muscles) have also been postulated as its cause. To help them correct their vision they can be advised to have Progressive Powered Lenses. A Progressive Powered Lens is, According to British Standard Institute (2003), " a special type of multifocal lens designed to provide correction for more than one viewing range and in which the power changes
A critique of a research article from a professional journal
A critique of a research article from a professional journal Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a wide ranging term with a large and multi-faceted meaning. Traditionally, a narrow definition may refer to EBP as "...de-emphasising intuition, unsystematic clinical experience...and stresses the examination of clinical evidence from research" (Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group, 1992). This definition misses the current broad and overarching nature of evidence-based practice. A more broad and current definition by the McMaster University Evidence Based Medicine Group (1996) identifies implications for the research used, for example concepts such as validity and appropriate data collection methods, as well as acknowledging patient preference as an important factor. Evidence-based practice has become a cornerstone of a variety of professional conduct, for example, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) mandates, for example, that all advice given to patients is based upon the best available evidence (NMC, 2008). The evidence provided by research does not, however, necessarily mandate a change in practice: the whole purpose of EBP is to use available research to inform practice, and as a result of good judgement by practitioners ensure that as healthcare professionals we do what is best by our patients (Sackett, 1996). The paper selected for analysis is called "Effective and
Broncho Pulmonary Dysplasia. The following discussion will analyse issues related to babies who develop broncho pulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This will include a definition and identify risk factors, treatment and the eventual outcome of babies admitted to
A Reflective Essay On The Concepts Of Care of The Newborn DISCHARGE PLANNING OF A CASE OF BRONCHO-PULMONARY DYSPLASIA. Registration NO: 100252125 Module NO : SNM3116 Unit Leader : Angela Thurlby Word Count : 2066 The following discussion will analyse issues related to babies who develop broncho pulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This will include a definition and identify risk factors, treatment and the eventual outcome of babies admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). An overview of the difficult stages that a baby with BPD goes through before being ready for discharge will be discussed to show that these babies and their families need special attention when it comes to planning their discharge. Northway et al first described BPD in 1967 as lung injury, in preterm infants resulting from the need for oxygen and mechanical ventilation. Even though it was the first definition, the most commonly used is that of Bancalari et al( 1979) who explained that BPD usually occurred following 28 days of oxygen therapy with evidence radiographic changes. Brodwich and Mellins (1985) found that the combination of oxidant injury and mechanical ventilation resulted in inflammation, fibrosis and smooth muscle hypertrophy in the airways. Also that BPD is the most common complication of preterm babies weighing <1kg. Cunha (2005) carried out a prospective
Encouraging parental participation in the NICU. According to Wigert et al (2006) the most difficult aspect of having a baby in NICU for mothers is being unable to take the important first steps to attachment: Haut et al (1994) states that family bonding
HIGH DEPENDENCY CARE OF THE NEWBORN (SUPPLEMENTARY EVIDENCE) PROMOTING AND ENCOURAGING PARENTAL PARTICIPATION IN NICU Registration NO: 100252125 Module NO : SNM3115 Unit Leader : Angela Thurlby Word Count : 1649 The focus of this discussion will be to encourage parental involvement in the NICU. My motivation for choosing this subject is an experience that occurred when I nursed a baby, who was a surviving twin from a premature delivery. The mother refused to handle her daughter saying that she was frightened of hurting her. Unfortunately the other twin had died shortly after delivery. The aim is to analyse the factors that can affect the initial parental attachment, the complex psychological needs of families during this stressful time, and also to make recommendations for interventions which can be used for future practice. According to Wigert et al (2006) the most difficult aspect of having a baby in NICU for mothers is being unable to take the important first steps to attachment: Haut et al (1994) states that family bonding within the neonatal environment is very difficult due to separation. Affonso et al (1992) supports this, suggesting that separating a mother from her baby when in need of intensive care prevents initial bonding. According to Boxwell (2010) the early delivery of a baby may make parents feel guilty and think that they
Prison Camp or Hell?
Prison Camp or Hell? A journal written by Josef Sramek from Usti nad Lebem illustrates the views of the war from a prisoner of war's standpoint. Josef's journal entries begin December 9th, 1914 and end on December 28th, 1915. The first line in his journal states, "Kraguyevats! It took three days to get there, and they were filled with trouble," which implies that he had been held prisoner since December 6th. By reading and analyzing Josef's journal entries during this period, I will get a real life perception of the war from a POW's point of view. As soon as the prisoners arrived at their first destination, they confiscated their coats, shoes, underwear, and everything else that had any value from them. The prisoners were given little to eat, most of the time splitting a single loaf of bread between themselves per day. For the first day, they were forced to sleep on the snow. They were sent to a new prisoner camp called Skoplye soon after they were finished with their first "meal". The prisoners must have been as uncomfortable as a person trying to fit into pants 5 sizes smaller than they would normally wear. I use this analogy because the prisoners being transported in the boxcar were so crammed they were incapable of even sitting down. Three days after departing from their first camp, the prisoners reached Skoplye. The Serbs finally gave the prisoners a "home".
Challenges: Discuss how your national policies relate to principles of health promotion and critically review the opportunities your country has, in your opinion, to deal with the urgent health problems.
Challenges: Discuss how your national policies relate to principles of health promotion and critically review the opportunities your country has, in your opinion, to deal with the urgent health problems. In the United Kingdom today, many health promotion units have been incorporated into Health Improvement Directorates, within Primary Care Trusts. These are in the main led by Directors of Public Health. In some cases, this has created a tension, particularly where health promotion specialists perceive public health as having a medical agenda which is far removed from community action. Health promotion work is increasingly project based and receives short-term funding which is often conditional on demonstrating partnership working and requires rigorous monitoring and evaluation. There is an opportunity to integrate the work of health promotion and public health specialists in to the core work of the Primary Care Trusts. However, as history has shown, this depends to a great extent on national political will and policy. The European Union will play an increasingly important role in this area and has recently produced a programme for community action in the field of public health 2003-2008 (2002). Health promotion is a creative and cost-effective way of fostering environments supportive of health and of improving health and quality of life.i Challenges to public health and
