- Does the current system use windows?
- Is the system easy to use?
- What information about the property’s do you keep on the system?
- Can your customers access the information?
- If yes how?
- If there was a system available that would let your customers access details on all your properties would you feel it would benefit your business?
I am going to design a system that lets potential buyers and customers of an estate agents to look at all the properties the estate agent has on file. They will be able to access this database from home as it will be available on the internet 24 hours a day 7 days a week. There will be a questionnaire for the customer to fill out, only a few questions about what they would like to have in their property from the information they give the database will then be searched and the computer will display any suitable houses. The information about the house will be a short description, the asking price , a picture and a number to contact for further information.
Research
I have researched the current system available at ward and partners a local estate agent and have found that the current system consists of the following steps:
- The customer is asked to fill in a short questionnaire about the house they require.
- The answers to the questionnaire are then put onto the computer and the database is searched for a suitable house.
- The estate agent only has a few details about the property . there is no picture kept on file all the other information is kept in a filling draw and has to be searched for manually.
This is a very time consuming process and of course the customer wont always be happy with the first house so the estate agent must be expected to repeat this process a numerous amount of times.
The actual computers:
- are between 2 and 3 years old
- have a processor speed of 233MHz
- probably have a small amount of memory, e.g. 16 or 32 Mb RAM (Random Access Memory)
- run Windows 95
- have Microsoft Office 97 installed
- have modems and an Internet connection
Analysis
The strengths and weaknesses of the current system are shown below.
Strengths Weaknesses__
- Accurate.
- Reliable.
- All computers have a modem and an Internet connection.
_
- Very Slow.
- Difficult to use ,not user friendly.
- Technology is out of date therefore the computers are relatively slow.
- No web site for advertising
- No search available for people to use at home.
- Not used by all sorts of people, it is mainly used by couples and students.
__
Feasibility
It is possible to produce a better system for purchasing a house and I definitely think it is worthwhile, as there are many things that could be improved with the current system. The strengths and weaknesses of the current system are stated above and show that the weaknesses by far exceed the strengths.
Specification Of Problem
Based on my analysis of the problem, my system must: -
- be user friendly
- be faster than the old system.
- be designed to be used on a web site.
- ask people questions about their ideal house and search to find the most appropriate houses.
- be accurate and reliable.
- be suitable for use by all sorts of people.
- store all of the information on the computers so that there is no need for a filing cabinets.
- Be quick to use.
Design Of Solution
Hardware
Software
The software that would be most appropriate to use,and I will use is Microsoft Front Page for the design of the website, Microsoft Excel for all the data and Microsoft word for the actual write up .
Excel97 – for the use in the database, I have found that it id the best package for this type of work and is easily used. It is also compatible with all Microsoft applications.
Word97 – for the use of word processing. I have found that it is very easy to use and the most popular word processing package, meaning that a client can take home contracts etc on disk and down load them onto his own computer as the chances are they too have Word 97.
In order for me to create a prototype I need to know the information which it must display. To do this I asked one of the estate agents. She stated that the property pages must include the features the property has to offer, the asking price, a photo of the property and it’s location. She also stated that it would be helpful if they could tell how many people had accessed the web site and gain their details for the database via the Internet.
To meet the evaluation criteria and specification for my system, I need a software application that is suitable for designing and making web pages. From the web site, I must be able to search a list of houses and so I will require another suitable software application to do this.
I have looked at the appropriate facilities of various applications and this is what I have found.
Application_Facilities___Searching
- _Web sites__Word-processor_Find words in a document_Hyperlinks
- Tables
- Backgrounds
- Images
- Text__Spreadsheet_Find words or formulae in a spreadsheet
- Search for the same words in a column and display them together_Hyperlinks
- Images__Database_Search through records to find matches for information_None__Web site editor_Find words in a web page_Backgrounds
- Hyperlinks
- Tables
- Images
- Animated images
Text__Programming
- language_None_Special effects
- Backgrounds
- Hyperlinks
- Tables
- Images
- Animated images
- Text
__
From this table I can see that to search through records I should use a database or powerful spreadsheet and to make a web site I should use a web site editor or a programming language.
Now that I know that I need to use a database or a powerful spreadsheet and a web page editor or programming language, I need to look at the different software packages and languages that are available for me to use.
First the database.
Software package_Facilities and information
- __Microsoft Access_Database only, so will have more facilities
- More commonly used than Microsoft Works
- Very powerful tool
- Difficult to use properly without proper training__Microsoft Works_Combined word-processor, spreadsheet, database and address book so will not have as many facilities as Microsoft Access or Excel
- Less commonly used than Microsoft Access and Excel__Microsoft Excel_Designed to be a spreadsheet so it focuses on facilities for producing web pages however, it has basic database facilities
- Easier to use than Microsoft Access
- More commonly used than Microsoft works
__
Now the web page editor.
Software package_Facilities and information
- __Microsoft Word_Doesn't support frames
- Text can be easily inserted and formatted
- Hyperlinks can be inserted between pages
- HTML code cannot be seen
- Forms can be inserted
- Tables can be inserted
- Backgrounds can be set easily
- Word Art can be used
- Creates a lot of unnecessary code__Microsoft Front Page Express_Doesn't support frames
- Text can be easily inserted and formatted
- Hyperlinks can be inserted between pages
- HTML code can be viewed and altered if needed.
- Forms can be inserted
- Tables can be inserted
- Backgrounds can be set easily
- Web bot connections (time and date) can be inserted
- Created a lot of unnecessary code
__
Finally the programming language.
Language_Facilities and information
- __HTML (Hyper Text Mark-up Language)_All web pages use this code to tell the browser that the code is a web page
- Can take a long time to learn and use quickly
- Web pages can be made to look exactly as you want them to
- Can be used with other programming languages e.g. JavaScript to create special effects
- Text can be inputted and formatted
- Images can be inputted
- Backgrounds can be set
- Hyperlinks can be inserted between pages and links can be inserted within documents
- Forms can be inserted
- Tables can be inserted
- Frames can be created and viewed
- Image maps can be drawn
- Created by using tags, e.g. <A> and </A>
- Can be written in a small program like Notepad
__
From these tables, I conclude that even though Access is a much more powerful database tool I will use Microsoft Excel as it is easier to use. I shall also use the programming language HTML instead of a web page editor as I can make the web site look exactly how I wish it to look and I can control the code that is used to make the web page, so that there is no unnecessary HTML. However, it is easier to use a web page editor if you do not know any HTML as the programmes often look like word processors however, they do restrict the types of data that you can put on the web pages and you cannot use frames to aid the navigation through the web site.
Data Input
I have obtained my data from a variety of different sources. Most of the data is from John Huttchingson estates website; this showed lots of different property’s at a wide range of prices.The data at the moment is either written down or is on the website I am using for ideas. It is now necessary for the information to be moved from the form it is in to the computer. There are various different ways this could be done: -
Advantages Disadvantages
Scanning
_The data can be easily scanned on to the computer and then a text converter used to turn the data into text on the screen._ALL of the data would have to be written in a very clear format in order for the scanner to be able to read all of the data__Typing Manually_Easy to do, and labour saving as you can just do it yourself._Time consuming, as with every new piece of information the typist must then enter the data.__Microphone_Does not involve any typing._Is still time consuming, as each word must b enunciated very clearly or the text converter will not detect the word correctly.__Sensors & Data logging _There is less opportunity for mistakes _The system requires another program to convert the results into useful information__Optical character reader_The data can be entered with no typing_The optical character reader needs to be able “read” all of the data so it must be in “readable” format__Mouse_The data can be entered without typing_Some of the data would already have to be entered on to the computer. It is time consuming.__
My main choice will be the keyboard as it suits the task I need it to perform.
Because I am using a database, my data will be arranged in fields. The data that is entered into the fields can be restricted to text, numbers, time, etc.
Field name_Data Type_Example_Field length_Other Info
__Property Ref_Numbers_14_4_The number of the client /property__Address_Text and Numbers_14 apple close_200_The address of the property__Town_Text_Dartford_20_The location of the property__Value_Numbers_£200,000_10_The asking price of the property__Type______Number of Bedrooms_Text and numbers_DA2 7AZ_8_Postcodes are a maximum of 8 characters long__Garage_Numbers_01234 567890_11_Phone numbers are only 11 digits long__Garden_Text_Detached_13_Have to choose from a list__Number of Bathrooms_Numbers_20,000 - 30,000_15_Have to choose from a list
100,000 is the highest option__Double Glazing_Numbers_20,650_7_£100,000 is the highest value possible__Central Hating_Text_Yes_3_Yes or no
Have to choose from a list__Status_Text_Yes_3_Yes or no
Have to choose from a list__Parking_Text_Single_6_Have to choose from a list__Picture_Text_Yes_3_Yes or no
Have to choose from a list__
- Data Validation and Verification
It is very important that all of the data in my system is correct. This is because people could search for the wrong things in my database and receive the wrong matches. If the names and addresses are incorrect, people will go to the wrong house and the wrong house will be sold. On the web pages, it is not so important that the data is correct as it is most likely to be spelling mistakes, however, it makes a bad impression if words are spelt wrongly.
The data that will be put into my system is:
- Property Ref
- Address
- Town
- Value
- whether the house has a garden
- whether the house has a garage
- whether the house has central heating
- whether the windows are double glazed
- Type Of House
- Number of bedrooms
- Number of bathrooms
- Status of the property
- If the house has parking
- Picture
All the data types and field lengths are shown on the table above.
The sorts of errors that are most likely are spelling and typing errors. Most of the data that I am putting into the database can be checked by validation by the computer as Microsoft Excel has a built-in validation check for spelling and I can program in many validation checks of my own, including macros. I have had to program most of my own validation checks to reduce the number of errors that people make when typing in data into the database. Microsoft Excel has a feature that allows you to validate cells easily and effectively to decrease the number of errors that are entered into the system. It allows you to set limits on a cell and allow lists of data which appear as a drop-down list on the cell. I have used different types of validation in my database.
To set the validation for a cell, you click Data on the toolbar and select Validation from the list of options.
(Data validation)
After this, you can change the validation , enter an input message and enter an error message
Drop-down lists
I have mainly used drop-down lists to limit the possibilities that can be entered into the cells and also to prevent the words from being spelt wrongly. I have used this type validation to allow the type of property to be selected from a list of five words:
- Semi-detached
- Detached
- Flat
- Bungalow
- Terrace
_
This image shows that when you click on a cell with this type of validation a list appears underneath the cell and an input message appears next to the cell explaining how to enter data into the cell.
I have set the validation for this cell to show a list and display an input message to explain how to enter the data.
_
_
_This image shows that I have allowed a list to be shown. It also shows the source of the list, i.e. the cells that contain the list of words.
This image shows the input message that I have entered for this cell to explain how to enter data into the cell.
This image shows the error message that I have entered for this cell if the data that is entered is incorrect. _
I have used validation similar to this for allowing people to enter or select:
- Price Range
- Number of bedrooms required
- Number of bathrooms required
- The location of the house
- Whether the house has a garden
- Whether the house has double glazing.
- Whether the house has central heating
- Whether the house has parking facilities
Limits
The validation facility allows you to set limits on a cell. This can be used to specify a minimum and maximum number to be entered into a cell or to specify the minimum and maximum number of characters that can be entered into a cell. If the data entered is outside the limits defined by the validation, an error message is displayed on the screen which states the limits of the cell.
_
This validation shows that a number between 1 and 5 can be entered into the cell before an error message appears.
To validate people's forenames and surnames, I allowed a number of characters to be entered into a cell.
_
_
The maximum number of characters that can be entered into the cell is 15. So, if more than 15 characters are entered into the cell, an error message appears on the screen. Since all names have to be catered for, the only validation that I have used is that each field has to be at least two characters.
Microsoft Excel offers the feature of creating your own 'custom views' so that you have one set of data, you can just choose to look at it in a number of different ways. You have to program them in by hiding rows and columns but once they are saved you don't have to re-format the workbook to look like it did.
My database has a number of different views:
- It has a view for all of the data so that, if needed, you can change the validation checks easily and you can add more views when they are needed.
- It has a view for inputting information into the database so that you cannot easily change the validation checks yet you can still input data into the database easily.
- Lastly, it has a view for people using the database to search. Unfortunately, if they change any of the data on the view, it will change the data until Excel is loaded again and it will therefore affect the searches and the wrong results will be received.
All of the data
No rows or columns have been hidden from view and the lists for the validation checks can be seen and edited. All of the data can be edited, but not searched.
Enter new data
This view shows all of the columns, but the rows with the lists for the validation checks have been hidden so that they cannot be changed. The macro allowing data that has been entered in a form has not been hidden so that if the people putting data into the database choose to enter the data in a form they can still validate the data easily and correct it where necessary.
Documentation
Minimum system requirements:
- processor speed of 200 MHz
- Memory
- sound card
- video card
- CD-ROM drive
- Windows 95
- Microsoft office 97
- Free hard disk space
The hardware and an operating system usually comes already installed on most computers that have been bought, so this is not a problem. To install Microsoft Office 97 you will require a CR-ROM drive and a CD containing Office 97 on it. When the CD runs, the set-up will help you to install Office 97 onto the system.
I could pass on my system and web site by burning the database, web pages and images onto a CD to allow easy storage, and protection. I could have used a 3.5 inch floppy disk, but data can easily be over-written and they can be damaged easily, whereas, CDs are more robust than floppy disks and cannot be over-written unless:
a) The company, Ward and partners, has a CD re-writer and then,
b) I burn the data onto a re-writable CD
The CD would be inserted into the CD-ROM drive and all of the information on it copies onto the computer’s hard disk, so now there are two copies of the data, so that if one is lost, there is still a back-up copy of the data. The files can then be opened and edited
Before my system can be used by a customer, real data about houses and their current owners must be inputted into the database, as I have made 99 sets of imaginary data just for demonstration purposes and to show that my system works properly and does the jobs that it is supposed to do.