Describe the events of the Berlin Airlift between June 1948 and May 1949

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The Cold War Questions

Describe the events of the Berlin Airlift between June 1948 and May 1949. 4 marks

In 1945, the Allies decided to split Germany into four zones of occupation and the capital, Berlin, was also split into four zones. The USSR took huge reparations from its zone in eastern Germany, but Britain, France and America tried to improve conditions in their zones. In June 1948, Britain, France and America united their zones into a new country, West Germany and on 23 June 1948, they introduced a new currency, which they said would help trade. The next day, Stalin cut off all rail and road links to west Berlin as he believed that the whole of Berlin should belong to the Soviets. This was known as the Berlin Blockade. The west saw this as an attempt to starve Berlin into surrender, so they decided to supply west Berlin by air. The Berlin Blockade lasted 318 days, and during this time, 275,000 planes transported 1.5 million tons of supplies and a plane landed every three minutes at Berlin's Templehof airport. Stalin tried to persuade the West Berliners to give up the struggle, and in the winter of 1948, the electricity supplies were cut off. He also promised the West Berliners extra rations, and considerd attacking the planes, but he was afraid of the US nuclear weapons, so on 12 May 1949, Stalin abandoned the blockade.

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Source F illustrates an American cartoon, showing the Truman Doctrine choking Stalin. There is a pipe with the Soviet sybol of the hammer and the sickle on the front, and a cork with the words 'Truman's Doctrine', that has jammed itself into Stalin's pipe. The fact that the source is a American cartoon is significant, and it shows me that the US were aware that Stalin would be against and shocked at the idea of the US becoming more involved. I believe that the Truman Doctrine was among the main reasons for the start of the Cold War.

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