In our experiment we hope to find out about ions in different materials. We will do this by demonstrating and observing the results of a flame test.

Low

Do not handle with bear skin.

Glass Of Water

Spillage

Smash glass, get in eyes

Low

Handle with care.

Glass Of Hydrocloric Acid

Spillage

Acid splash into eyes

Medium

Take care when handling

Method.

Collect and set up the equipment.

Sterilise the heating rod in hydrochloric acid and put a small amount of Carbonate on the tip before holding it over the bunsen burner for around 30 seconds.

Observe how the flame changes colour, height or heat when you put the rod over it.

Record the reaction/s onto the worksheets.

Sterilise the heating rod in the Hydrochloric Acid so that its ready for the next material.

Repeat steps 2 - 5 for all of the materials until you have a fully completed results table.

These were the observations made during the flame test.

Positive ion

Observation

Sodium

Great Orange Flame Which Then Liquidised.

Potassium

Light Pink Flame

Calcium

Bright Flame Which Fizzed And Liquidised

Copper

Extremely Flurecent Blue + Green Flashes

Identification Of Unknown Salts.

Introduction.

In this section of the assignment we made mixtures with different unknown materials with a liquid to try and find out what they were.

Equipment.

Measuring Beaker

5 Requested Materials

Carbonate

Sulphate

Chloride

Copper

Iron

Bunsen Burner

Heat Mat

Method.

Set up the equipment as requested.

Add the liquid to a Measuring Beaker.

Stir around then add 2 spachelas of the first material. Stir Again

Preform a basic flame test on the liquid with the added materials.

Record the results of the flame test and the liquids appearance on the worksheets.

Repeat steps 1 - 6 for the other materials.

Results.

Salt A.

Test For

Observation

Absent/Present

Carbonate

No Effect

A

Sulphate

Went White and Opaque

P

Chloride

Transparent similar to H2O

A

Copper

Turned to a thick, sticky Green Solution

A

Iron

Light Brown texture

P

Colour Produced = Orange

Ions Present? Sodium

Conclusion: Salt A contains 'Sodium' ions and 'Chlorine' ions. This leads us to the conclusion that Salt A is 'Sodium Chloride'.

Salt B

Test For

Observation

Absent/Present

Carbonate

N/A

A

Sulphate

Went Pale White

P

Chloride

Transparent As

A

Copper

Sludgey Green Solution

A

Iron

Light Brown Solution

P

Colour Produced = Orange

Ions Present? Sodium

Conclusion: Salt B contains 'Iron 3' ions and 'Sulphate' ions. This means that Salt B is 'Iron Sulphate'.