Sludge Test Lab Report.

Mass a single piece of filter paper. Set up filtration apparatus. Separate solids from liquids in the sludge by means of filtration. It is important to cover the top of the funnel when filtering to avoid the liquid evaporating. Record all observations. Wrap filter paper in paper towel and let dry over night. Mass the dried filter paper and subtract the mass of the filter paper. Mass the boiling chips put the chips into the test tube with the liquid. Set up distillation apparatus and distill the liquid. Record all observations. Mass the test tube with the boiling chips after distillation to see if any thing precipitated. Record all observations. Set up sieve apparatus and put all of the solids through a sieve to separate the larger grains from the smaller. Record all observations. (IF in the process of sieving there is still a substance that has not been fully separated put the mixture in a test tube and add water to dissolve hopefully one of the components. Then you should mass a filter paper and setup the filtration apparatus. Then filter the solution. Record all observations. Mass an evaporation dish and put the solution in to the dish and set up the apparatus. Evaporate the water away. Mass the evaporating dish with the solid in it and subtract the mass of the dish. Record all observations. Put the solid left in the dish into a test tube with just enough water to dissolve it all. Boil away half of the water and quickly stopper and let cool slowly. After the solid recrystallizes examine it to help identify the solid. Record all observations. OR IF there is a small piece of metal found in the sieving put it into the middle of the flame to identify it by the color the flame turns.). Mass another set of boiling chips and put them into a test tube with the liquid. Set up distillation apparatus and fractionally distill the liquid. Record all observations. Mass the test tube with the boiling chips to see if anything else precipitated. Record all observations. Attempt to identify all of the substances. On our first observation of the sludge the liquid was orange and smelled of alcohol. We got the mass of the large and small test tube, and found that a large T.T weighed about 44.8 with a stopper. The small T.T weighed about 40.5 with stopper. The first layer of solid was a fine yellow powder. The next layer was a thin layer of white grains. Beneath this was a thick layer of sand. The total mass of the original sludge was 41.933 grams. Upon our commencing filtering we discovered a layer just above the sand composed of small rocks. On our first filtration we retrieved the yellow powder and saw that the filter paper had turned orange. Also the liquid turned a greenish yellow color. Our first set of boiling chips was about 7grams. When we boiled the liquid for 39.30 minutes we found that a solid was precipitating and it had a horrendous odor, most likely moth flakes. We began to sieve and noticed a small piece of metal. We burned the piece of metal and it burned green. We then fractionally distilled the liquid and were left with disgusting green goo. We then noticed that our white solid had sand and yellow stuff in it. We added water and filtered out the other solids, so we re crystallized the white solid and found that the crystals looked like salt. This is our final data chart: Substance NameChemical SymbolMassSulfurS3.5SaltNaCl5.8SandSiO2.71CopperCu3.916SilicaSi7.967Moth FlakesC10H85.951PropanolC3O7OH6.769TOTAL MASS:34.613 In completing our sludge test we made one fatal error that I recognize, we took sloppy and hard to reinterperet notes. Thus, we conclude that we have separated the “sludge” to the best of our accuracy; by using many of the techniques in our chemistry book; i.e. fractional distillation and fractional crystallization.