the structure and function of nervous system

The nervous system is a major system which controls and regulates communication system in the body. The nervous system is composed of organs such as the brain, spinal chord, nerves and ganglia. Also these consist of various tissues including nerve, blood and connective tissue. Together these all carry out the complex activities of the nervous system.

The nervous system can be divided into two parts.

Central nervous system: consists of the brain and spinal chord and all there nerves and organs which control the voluntary and involuntary acts e.g. breathing, moving the joints etc.

The brain: is a large mass of soft tissue contained inside the cranium. The brain consists of over 10 billion nerve cells and coordinates most of the voluntary movement.
The spinal chord: is an ovoid column of tissues. The spinal chord extends from the medulla oblongata in the brain stem to the 2nd lumbar vertebra in the spinal chord. And is the center of reflective action.

Peripheral nervous system: consists of a series of nerves which resides or extends outside the central nervous system. The main function is connecting the central nervous system to the limbs and organs. It is divided into two

Somatic nervous system: is part of the peripheral nervous system which is associated with the voluntary control of the bodies activities (movement) through action of skeletal muscles and the reception of external stimuli which helps the body keep in touch with its surroundings.
Autonomic nervous system: is part of the peripheral nervous system that ...

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Peripheral nervous system: consists of a series of nerves which resides or extends outside the central nervous system. The main function is connecting the central nervous system to the limbs and organs. It is divided into two

Somatic nervous system: is part of the peripheral nervous system which is associated with the voluntary control of the bodies activities (movement) through action of skeletal muscles and the reception of external stimuli which helps the body keep in touch with its surroundings.
Autonomic nervous system: is part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system below the consciousness and controls visceral functions.

Functions of the nervous system:

The nervous system has three main basic functions:
(a) sensory neurons: receive information from the sensory receptors

(b) Interneuron’s: transfer and interpret muscles

The nervous system controls our lives and all our body functions, every action, every response is coordinated by the nervous system all emotional, physical and mental changes. Also internal changes are coordinated by the nervous system.

The structure of the nervous system the nervous tissues are composed of nerve cells and their various processes, together with a supporting tissue called neuroglia, which, however, is found only in the brain and medulla spinalis. Certain long processes of the nerve cells are of special importance, and it is convenient to consider them apart from the cells; they are known as nerve fibers.

Organs and their functions:

Brain: is the center of the nervous system responsible for thinking and making decisions.

Spinal chord: conducts sensorary information for PNS conducts motor information from the brain

Eyes: provides vision

Skin: mechanical barrier for touch

Nose: sense of smell

Ears: responsible for sensing and collecting sound

Tongue: sense of taste

Inner ear: helps maintain balance

Diagram of nervous system:

Test for Receptor Organs: