Mexican Border Problems

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Mexican Border Problems

The U.S.-Mexico border region is one of the most dynamic in the world. It extends more than 3,100 kilometers (2,000 miles) from the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific Ocean, and 100 kilometers (62.5 miles) on each side of the international border and is marked by high concrete fences in the west and a broad shallow river in the east when it reaches Texas.  The region includes large deserts, numerous mountain ranges, rivers, wetlands, large estuaries, and shared aquifers.  While its people share natural resources like water and air, the border region is characterized by many social, economic, and political contrasts.  There is the single biggest and most dangerous problem facing America: violence from illegal immigrants, smugglers and drug runners along America's southern border.  Until recently, the Border Patrol focused on catching aliens who had already gained access to the U.S.  Now they concentrate on never letting them in the first place.  For instance, in 1991 at one crossing point alone, there were 60 million crossings through the official gates between San Diego and Tijuana.  In 1965, the number of aliens caught at the border was 110,000.  By 1996, that number had risen to 1,650,000, and is sure to keep rising because of the increases in both Mexicans being smuggled and the number of Border Patrol agents trained and hired.  The militarized border, created by the United States in the 1920s, produces intense individual dramas every day.  All along the border people wait for dark, when they will try to cross the border, evade the guards, and reach safety with family and friends on the other side.

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Concern is growing at the top levels of government about the US-Mexican border becoming a back door for terrorists entering the United States.  While Al Qaeda infiltration across the nation's southern border has been a constant concern since 9/11, US officials cite recent intelligence giving the most definitive evidence yet that terrorists are planning to use it as an entry point - if they haven't already.  "I'm worried about our border," Sen. John McCain of Arizona said at a March 17 2005 at Senate hearing on threats facing the US.  "We have now hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of ...

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