Hitler was a weak dictator
Weak Dictator AuthorityPublic SupportManagement of oppositionDecision making, enforcing policy, visionManagement of PartyWhere are decisions made without him? Does it matter? March 5th 1933 elections, government uses control of radio, policie to intimidate opponents in election, Battle against Marxism 24th March, Enabling Act, ‘Law for Terminating the suffering of the people and the Nation’ gives emergency powers12 November 1933, Nazi Candidates for Reichstag win 92% of votes30 June 1934, Night of Long Knives, SS shoot many SA leaders seen as a threat No legal way to replace him, had power to divide and demoralise and weaken liberal/conservative/ socialist opponents through suppressionViolence from below SA, murdered estimated 500 people in 1933) and terror from
above, Nazi power of stateBy end of 1933 potentially over 100,000 arrestedNight of Long Knives marked major shift in his dictatorship development, triumphed over left right extremist Nazis SA support of elite Kershaw ‘Hitler’, Far from creating a dependence pf Hitler on the army, the oath marked the symbolic moment where the army chained itself to the Fuhrer”His formal position as Fuhrer, relationship with Germans, nature effect of Hitler myth, role in decision makingNazi Germany Roderick Stackelberg Nazi theorist, Ernst Huber “He shapes the collective will of the people within himself and he embodies the political unit and entirety of ...
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above, Nazi power of stateBy end of 1933 potentially over 100,000 arrestedNight of Long Knives marked major shift in his dictatorship development, triumphed over left right extremist Nazis SA support of elite Kershaw ‘Hitler’, Far from creating a dependence pf Hitler on the army, the oath marked the symbolic moment where the army chained itself to the Fuhrer”His formal position as Fuhrer, relationship with Germans, nature effect of Hitler myth, role in decision makingNazi Germany Roderick Stackelberg Nazi theorist, Ernst Huber “He shapes the collective will of the people within himself and he embodies the political unit and entirety of the people in opposition to individual interests”‘Weimar and Nazi Germany’ John Hite, “His wishes, and even his officials interpretations of his wishes, served as laws. For Hitler’s power was based on his unique relationship with the German people. He alone knew what the Germans wanted and he alone could fulfil their needs. His will was absolute because it was the will of the people”“Thus Hitler’s power did not rest just on his formal position within a system of government. It was much more elemental.” “There were no institutional restraints on him”John Hite, “Far from being the basis for what was proclaimed as a Thousand Year Reich, the Nazi regime could not have become stabilised; it was inherently self-destructive. The chaotic structure and competition between groups and between individuals led to a war against all”Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick drew up schemes for major administrative reform, but Hitler was not interested in developing a new coherent structure; his Improvised approach would suffice for policy implementation, and flexibility would enhance his own powerIn 1933, 4.5 million households owned a radio, but by 1942, 16 million households had one, 70% of all households, radio used to communicate directly with German peopleLaws, after Enabling Act on March 1933, Cabinet could just issue decrees, became main source of laws, (Laws passed by Reichsag/Presidential decrees died out)Strong evidence that though Hitler was highly regarded, Nazi Party not very popular, especially ‘little Hitler’s’, main roles to spread Nazi ideals, help implementation of government policies, Gauleiter (virtually ran their provinces)SS, Schutzstaffel Nazi Germany certainly dominated by Hitler, not smoothly run, efficient structureRadio one of most powerful tools for indoctrination, described as ‘spiritual weapon of the totalitarian stateVariety of Opposition Organising a coup, Listening to American Jazz, Spontaneously protesting in public, underachieving in the workplace, deserting from the armed forces, hiding Jews, reading banned literature, printing opposition in literature, applauding potentially subversive speeches in plays, refusing to join the Hitler Youth, Collecting evidence of Nazi atrocities, writing anti-Nazi graffiti, privately discussing an alternative government, publicly criticising the regime, not giving the Hitler greeting, attempting to assassinate Hitler and other leaders, Distributing anti-Nazi leaflets, spying for foreign governments, emigrating, obstructive collaboration (remaining as a judge, giving lenient punishments), listening to BBC, going on strike, telling anti-Hitler jokes, Not attending Nazi meetings, refusing to contribute to the Winterhilfe collection, elping victims of Nazism, Committing suicide White group in Munich from 1941