Hitler's rise to Chancellor in 1933.
History Coursework Hitler's rise to Chancellor in 1933 There were many reasons why Hitler was able to take power in 1933. Many of the reasons were either long-term or short-term. Germany was unstable at this time and after the formation of the Weimar republic, the constitution became weak. The Weimar republic was successful for some time but people always felt resentment towards the republic due to the Long-term implications of the First World War and the Treaty of Versailles. The reparations that Germany had to pay through the Treaty meant that it was in economic crisis. This helped to cause weakness in the democracy and although the Weimar Republic did have a period of recovery between 1924 and 1929 the death of Stresseman and the Wall Street Crash helped to bring it down again. The republic was weak, crises in a country do happen as they did in Germany but the government has to be able to survive. If it can't survive it leaves the way open for people such as Hitler to work their way to power. The German people didn't want communism, which was the other option so they turned to Nazism, as it was the only alternative. People feared that, since they had established themselves from the lower or skilled working classes and they now had a small stake in the world, economic chaos brought about by Communism would drag them back down the ladder. The wall street crash had led
How did the Spartacist Uprising, the Weimar Constitution, the Treaty of Versailles, the Kapp Putsch, hyperinflation and the invasion of Ruhr cause problems for the new Weimar Republic?
How did the Spartacist Uprising, the Weimar Constitution, the Treaty of Versailles, the Kapp Putsch, hyperinflation and the invasion of Ruhr cause problems for the new Weimar Republic? The Weimar Constitution was published in 1919 and was praised as one of the most advanced democracies in Europe, the people voted the leaders into office and proportional representation was used to determine the number of seats each party was allocated. The Spartacist uprising made it impossible for the new government to meet in Berlin. The Spartacists organised strikes and riots in Berlin and therefore it was not believed to be safe for the new leaders to meet in the capital so they chose the quiet town of Weimar and drew up what is now known as the Weimar Constitution. Due to the Spartacist uprising the republic appeared weak and defenceless when under attack and this meant support was hard to gain from the working class members of Germany who had once supported the Spartacists. The army also gave little support to the republic as Ebert promised not to change the army, it therefore remained as it had under the rule of the Kaiser, this made the republic appear weaker still to the German people. In June 1919 the Treaty of Versailles was signed, its terms horrified both the German people and the government. The vast majority of the German people felt the treaty was much too harsh and
Analysis of main Nazi leaders.
History Homework Mrs. Marilyn Ray By S M Hartfield Assignment- Analysis of main Nazi leaders. . Common personality characteristics 2. Early career paths 3. Role in party 4. Nicknames 5. Relationship with Hitler 6. Fate 7. Quotes Rudolph Hess . He was a devoted follower and showed promising talents as a leader (he became deputy leader). He was seen as very loyal, someone who could be trusted. 2. Hess fought in World War 1 with a unit from Bavaria. He fought at the Battle of Ypres and then enrolled for the German air force. After, he joined Munich University, where he met Hitler. 3. Hess was Hitler's deputy leader and acted as Hitler's secretary in prison where as Hitler dictated he wrote down 'Mein kampf'. He was later appointed second in succession to the position of Head of State. 4. None. 5. Very good relationship with Hitler, worked very closely. Had faith and great trust within each other. 6. On May 10th, Hess boarded a Messerschmidt 110 aircraft and flew to Scotland where he crash landed the plane. He was arrested and stripped of all ranks he held in the Nazi party. He was sent to prison for life in Spandau prison and died either by his frailness or suicide which still remains a mystery. 7. ' The Party is Hitler, and Hitler is Germany.' ' Hitler is
The Holocaust was the effort of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany.
The Holocaust was the effort of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany to exterminate the Jews and other people that they considered to be inferior. As a result about 12,000,000 people - about half of them Jews - were murdered. The murders were done by every means imaginable but most of the victims perished as a result of shooting, starvation, disease, and poison gas. Others were tortured to death or died in horrible medical experiments. Hitler took power in Germany in 1933 and almost immediately began the chain of events that led to the Holocaust. This first phase was the persecution of Jews in Germany and the other countries invaded by Hitler. It lasted until 1941. During this period, while Hitler built his power, Jews were persecuted and brutalized but there was no organized effort to systematically murder them. In late 1939 Hitler invaded Poland, beginning the Second World War. In mid-1941 Hitler invaded the Soviet Union. At about the same time - historians do not agree on exactly when - Hitler also decided that there should be a "Final Solution" to "the Jewish question." The "Final Solution" was the murder of the Jews and was mainly carried out by a military group known as the SS and a security service known as the SD. The Gestapo was part of the SD. They arrested Jews and other victims, ran the concentration camps and organized the murder squads. During the
With what justification has it been claimed that the German resistance to Hitler has been greatly exaggerated in its extent and its strength of purpose?
With what justification has it been claimed that the German resistance to Hitler has been greatly exaggerated in its extent and its strength of purpose? It was due to the incomplete nature of German totalitarianism that meant that opposition was not only possible, but that it was a reality. It took various forms, from day to day grumbling to complaints about specific issues, general political deviance and most threatening of all, resistance to the regime. The reason for most of the opposition that occurred is that the person or group in question wanted a more democratic regime than Hitler's, yet they clearly did not get this between 1933 and 1939, so therefore it can be seen that the extent and strength of purpose in terms of resistance has been greatly exaggerated. However, what must be assessed, however, is the extent to which the people acted on this resistance, that is, did they actively oppose Hitler and the Nazi regime? The term resistance can be seen, as was done by Dr Martin Huysden, as an 'active participation in an organised attempt to undermine the Third Reich.' However, this is a fairly narrow definition. Hans-Adolf Jacobsen states that resistance was, 'all that was done despite the terror of the Third Reich, despite the suffering and martyrdom, for the state of humanity...and the word resistance in some cases applies too, to certain forms of standing aside in
Nazi Germany - The Consolidation of Power 1933-34
Nazi Germany - The Consolidation of Power 1933-34 The Legal Revolution / Von Papen felt able to boast to a friend following Hitler's appointment as Chancellor in January 1333 saying "In two months we'll have pushed Hitler into a corner so hard that he'll be squeaking" because he felt that he had limited Hitler's power in the government as there were only two other Nazi's in the government, and the President Hiddenburg was very weary of Hitler. 2/ Hitler's position was not as strong at the outset of his Chancellorship because there were only three Nazi's including himself, there others being Wilhelm Frick and Hermann Göring, in the government of nine members which made it very difficult for Hitler to get his own way. He also did not have the two-thirds majority that he required to make decision without the Reichstag. President Hiddenburg also openly resented Hitler. 3/ Despite not having a strong position at the start of Hitler's Chancellorship the Nazi's and Hitler did have many advantages. The Nazi party was the biggest in Germany and the policy of ignoring them had failed over the past year as it just lead to ineffective governments led by Von Papen and Schleicher as they could not function effectively without the Nazi party due its sheer size. The Nazi's following Hitler's appointment now had the country's resources so they launched a huge propaganda led by Goebbels.
Why Were the Nazis Successful in Elections In The 1930's.
Why Were the Nazis Successful in Elections In The 1930's There are many reasons why Nazi support increases so drastically in the 1930's ranging from the sheer power of Hitler's speeches to the dramatic increase in depression throughout the period of the Wall Street crash and the Nazi take over. In this essay I hope to put across these points and many others. Previous to the boom of Nazi voted in 1932 Nazi votes had been steadily increasing however with many parties an increase as dramatic this would have taken many years but for the Nazis the increase was phenomenal between the years of 1928 and 1930 Nazi votes had risen 16.3% from a measly 12 seats in the Reichstag to a great portion of 107 seats only just behind the biggest proportion held by the Social democrats. This had happened in 2 years. There are only few reasons that can explain such a dramatic turn in votes. One inexcusable reason that lies in direct linkage to Nazi votes is the unemployment rate. During the years a great gift had been given to the Nazis a great depression had hit Germany hard, harder than most other countries unemployment during this period of great depression had risen greatly between 1928 it had more than doubles from 1,391,000 to 3,076,000. This allowed the Nazis to reassure the worrying unemployed the Nazis promised work on road building and public works. This in turn increased Nazi
HOW EFFECTIVELY DID THE NAZIS DEAL WITH THEIR OPPONENTS?
HOW EFFECTIVELY DID THE NAZIS DEAL WITH THEIR OPPONENTS? After Nazis had control of Germany, the last thing they wanted was an opposition of any sort, aiming to create a totalitarian state where there are no rival parties or political debates. The citizens of Germany were responsible to serve the state and obeying the leader. This orderly state was acheived by providing many positive aspects for people to focus on. This was aimed to keep people's mouths shut and psychologically persuade them to trust and believe in the Nazis. For those who were still not loyal to the Nazis, they were dealt with by force. TRADE UNIONISTS The Nazis used Concentration camps as prisons for their own people. Anyone who was brave enough to criticise the Nazis would end up in the concentration camps which were located in isolated areas. Prisoners here were forced to do hard-labour under a strict discipline with little food. Beatings and random executions were frequent making death tolls rise and few people emerged from the camps alive. The trade unionists had different beliefs to the Nazis on what they feel is the ideal trading enviroment. The Nazis did not want the trade unionists to persuade more and more people to join the union possibly causing a revolt, and so they felt the trade unionists posed a substantial level of threat, enough to make the Nazis take action towards them.The Trade Union
Explain How Defeat in the Great War Affected Germany between 1918 and 1923.
Explain How Defeat in the Great War Affected Germany between 1918 and 1923 The effect of the Great War on Germany was phenomenal. Germany's defeat created an embarrassed and mocked country. They were at a point where they needed a ruler. Before the war Germany was a united, keen and strong nation. They were prepared and eager to fight, with the young population patriotic and ambitious. Germany had a huge Reich due to a short war between Prussia and France. Prussia defeated France and then united all the states into the second largest Reich (after Russia). Germany also had a strong economy and industry. They dominated the European market by making more resources and therefore increasing trade and enforcing it. Germany had a stable and dignified situation, but even before the war and the shameful aftermath, Germany needed a leader, someone to tell them how to act and what to do next. Kaiser Wilhelm was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia. His birth defect (a withered left arm due to Erbs Palsy) gave him a sense of ambition to prove himself physically so that people wouldn't pity him or take his handicap as a sign of weakness. He gained popularity and admiration from Germany, and he saw himself as someone that people would worship, as if he was a Godly figure to them. Wilhelm's intelligence from studying at Kassel at the Friedrichsgymnasium and the University of Bonn
Weimar constitution coursework
.) The Weimar Republic was set up after the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm the second in November 1918 following the end of World War One. The Weimar Constitution gave Germany its first experience of a democratic government with a Parliament and President. The constitution stated that 'all power comes from the people'. These meant that all adult Germans 20 years and over were able to vote at regular intervals, both for their President and for their representatives in the parliament, known as the Reichstag. German women for the first time gained the right to vote. In an emergency the President was given the power to rule by decree, without consulting the Reichstag. In normal circumstances, however, the head of the government would be the Chancellor (Prime Minister) rather than the President. Elections to the Reichstag were to be by a system of proportional representation. Under this system a party received the same percentage of seats in the Reichstag as it had received votes in the election. This was intended to be a more democratic system than the one used, for example, in British parliamentary elections. Its main disadvantage was that it encouraged the formation of a lot of small parties. No single party was therefore able to secure an overall majority in the Reichstag. As a result most governments consisted of coalitions, or alliances, of a number of parties. Such
