Chemistry coursework
Obtaining Zink Oxide from Calamine
Jacob Confino
1d
Planning
Introduction:
Before zinc was recognized as an element zinc ores were used for making brass, which was a mixture of copper and zinc. Calamine is a mineral, which is mainly composed of the compound calamine, which has the formula ZnCO3. The metal zinc is extracted industrially. If you heat calamine it decomposes into zinc oxide and also carbon dioxide. This sort of reaction has a reaction and its formula is:
ZnCO3(s) ZnO(s) + CO2(g)
This gives you the calculation of the theoretical mass of zinc oxide, which is obtainable if you heat the mass of calamine. I am going to heat up gram by gram of calamine and see how the reaction changes as the amount of calamine is added. I am going to start with 1 gram in a boiling tube, then I will heat it until it changes colour to yellow (which shows that the reaction has taken place), then I will put it in my test tube rack until it changes back to its original colour (white) I will then go and take a reading to see how much it weighs. I will then see how much the weight has gone down by. Then I will reheat it until the weight does not go down anymore, then I know that I have obtained the most zinc oxide possible.
Aim:
The aim of this experiment is to produce a conversion chart, which shows how much zinc oxide can be made by heating different masses of calamine. Also, to produce a conversion chart showing the theoretical conversion values worked out from a equation, and I will compare the two charts. I will find out how much zinc oxide can be made from heating different masses of calamine
Theory:
The equation that I am going to use to find the amount of moles and find and crate a theoretical conversion chart, which will show the masses of zinc oxide that, can be produced by heating 1-10grams of calamine.
Number of moles = Mass in g (of element or compound)
Mr (of element or compound)
Chemical formula:
* Calamine: ZnCO3
* Zinc Oxide: ZnO
* Carbon dioxide: CO2
These 3 different chemicals all have different Relative Atomic Masses (RAM) this is also known as the mass number, which is a number that says how many different protons and neutrons each chemical has.
ZnO + CO2 ZnCO3
(C = 12, O = 16, Zn = 65)
But this is not what we need to know we need the Relative Formula Mass (RFM.) This is just the RAM's added together.
Zn0: 81
C02: 44
So this added together is called ZnCO3, which is made up by ZnO + CO2,, this equals ZnCo3,, which has a mass number of 125. It equals ZnO + CO2 equals ZnCO3 because ZnO has 1 oxygen atom in it so you can move the oxygen atom to CO2, which will make it CO3 so that makes the equation ZnCO3.
Now I have all the different RFM's of all the different elements, I can use these to do the equations that I need to do.
The calculation, which we use to work out how much zinc oxide is obtained, is zinc oxide is the same formula that I mentioned earlier:
Number of moles = Mass in g (of element or compound)
Mr (of element or compound)
After I have obtained the number of moles I have to multiply it by the RFM of ZnO to see how much calamine is produced in grams.
The RFM of ZnO is 81 thus the equation will now be
Mass in g = RFM x the number of moles
Now I have obtained the theoretical value for 1.00g of calamine, the sum is: 0.648 x 1
To obtain the values of any other amount in grams of calamine, you just change the number at the end of the sum (e.g. 0.648 x 2 for 2g and .0648 x 3 for 3g etc.) Theoretical conversion chart
Table of theoretical values:
Table of theoretical values:
Amount of calamine (g)
Theoretical values (g) to 2.D.P
.00
0.65
2.00
.30
3.00
.94
4.00
2.59
Obtaining Zink Oxide from Calamine
Jacob Confino
1d
Planning
Introduction:
Before zinc was recognized as an element zinc ores were used for making brass, which was a mixture of copper and zinc. Calamine is a mineral, which is mainly composed of the compound calamine, which has the formula ZnCO3. The metal zinc is extracted industrially. If you heat calamine it decomposes into zinc oxide and also carbon dioxide. This sort of reaction has a reaction and its formula is:
ZnCO3(s) ZnO(s) + CO2(g)
This gives you the calculation of the theoretical mass of zinc oxide, which is obtainable if you heat the mass of calamine. I am going to heat up gram by gram of calamine and see how the reaction changes as the amount of calamine is added. I am going to start with 1 gram in a boiling tube, then I will heat it until it changes colour to yellow (which shows that the reaction has taken place), then I will put it in my test tube rack until it changes back to its original colour (white) I will then go and take a reading to see how much it weighs. I will then see how much the weight has gone down by. Then I will reheat it until the weight does not go down anymore, then I know that I have obtained the most zinc oxide possible.
Aim:
The aim of this experiment is to produce a conversion chart, which shows how much zinc oxide can be made by heating different masses of calamine. Also, to produce a conversion chart showing the theoretical conversion values worked out from a equation, and I will compare the two charts. I will find out how much zinc oxide can be made from heating different masses of calamine
Theory:
The equation that I am going to use to find the amount of moles and find and crate a theoretical conversion chart, which will show the masses of zinc oxide that, can be produced by heating 1-10grams of calamine.
Number of moles = Mass in g (of element or compound)
Mr (of element or compound)
Chemical formula:
* Calamine: ZnCO3
* Zinc Oxide: ZnO
* Carbon dioxide: CO2
These 3 different chemicals all have different Relative Atomic Masses (RAM) this is also known as the mass number, which is a number that says how many different protons and neutrons each chemical has.
ZnO + CO2 ZnCO3
(C = 12, O = 16, Zn = 65)
But this is not what we need to know we need the Relative Formula Mass (RFM.) This is just the RAM's added together.
Zn0: 81
C02: 44
So this added together is called ZnCO3, which is made up by ZnO + CO2,, this equals ZnCo3,, which has a mass number of 125. It equals ZnO + CO2 equals ZnCO3 because ZnO has 1 oxygen atom in it so you can move the oxygen atom to CO2, which will make it CO3 so that makes the equation ZnCO3.
Now I have all the different RFM's of all the different elements, I can use these to do the equations that I need to do.
The calculation, which we use to work out how much zinc oxide is obtained, is zinc oxide is the same formula that I mentioned earlier:
Number of moles = Mass in g (of element or compound)
Mr (of element or compound)
After I have obtained the number of moles I have to multiply it by the RFM of ZnO to see how much calamine is produced in grams.
The RFM of ZnO is 81 thus the equation will now be
Mass in g = RFM x the number of moles
Now I have obtained the theoretical value for 1.00g of calamine, the sum is: 0.648 x 1
To obtain the values of any other amount in grams of calamine, you just change the number at the end of the sum (e.g. 0.648 x 2 for 2g and .0648 x 3 for 3g etc.) Theoretical conversion chart
Table of theoretical values:
Table of theoretical values:
Amount of calamine (g)
Theoretical values (g) to 2.D.P
.00
0.65
2.00
.30
3.00
.94
4.00
2.59
