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Investigating the reaction between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric acid.

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Introduction

Chemistry Coursework Investigating the reaction between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric acid What I will be investigating- The rate of reaction means the speed at which a reaction will occur. Many different things can affect this. In this experiment I am going to investigate what effects the change in the concentration of hydrochloric acid will have on it's rate of reaction with calcium carbonate (marble chips). I could also have chosen to investigate the effect that temperature had on this reaction. I would expect that as I increased the temperature of the acid the reaction would happen faster. This is because the particles gain energy and move around faster, causing more collisions, which increases the rate of reaction. I need to make sure that my experiment will be fair and so I will keep all variables apart from the concentration of hydrochloric acid constant. These variables are the equipment used, the mass of the marble chips, the amount of water in the measuring cylinder, the total volume of the solution in which the acid is and the size of the marble chips. ...read more.

Middle

If there is enough energy then the reaction takes place and a product is formed, but if there isn't enough then no reaction takes place. Diagram- Apparatus- A 25ml measuring cylinder A 50ml measuring cylinder Trough Marble Chips Acid Water Conical Flask Delivery tube Stopwatch Method- �Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram �Measure 50ml of acid into a measuring cylinder �Put 2.5g of marble chips into the conical flask �Measure 25 to 50ml of water into the measuring cylinder at the end of the delivery tube �Put it into the water over the end of the delivery tube with your thumb covering the top of the measuring cylinder so that no water escapes and let go �Pour the acid into the conical flask, place the rubber bung on the top of the conical flask and start the stopwatch �Wait for the water in the measuring cylinder has gone then stop the stopwatch �Record your results in a table �Now try the experiment again but changing the concentration each time Pilot Results- Concentration ratio of acid to waterSize of Marble ChipsWater in measuring cylinder (ml)Time (s) ...read more.

Conclusion

Therefore this means that the weaker the solution gets the slower it takes to react. There is a great difference between the last two results (20:30 and 10:40). This is because in the last experiment the acid is very diluted and so the reaction takes a long time. My prediction and the theory of the experiment fit well with my results. They show that- the more concentrated the acid the quicker the reaction will take place because there will be more hydrochloric acid particles than water particles for the marble chips to collide and react with. This means that more collisions will happen and there will be a quicker reaction time. Evaluation- I had no anomalous results in this experiment. These results are quite accurate but could be improved. If the experiment was done five times and then the average is taken then results would be more accurate. Also I could have started off with the lowest concentration of acid so that I could practice getting the bung on the top of the conical flask quickly. Conclusion- Overall the results obtained were quite accurate and showed that an increase in the concentration of the acid means that the rate of the reaction increases and the time taken is decreased. ...read more.

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