September 2002
Rates of Reaction
The "rate" of a reaction is how fast a chemical reaction happens. Many things can effect the rate of reaction, catalysts, the surface area of a solid in the reaction, temperature and concentration. A catalyst is a substance, which makes the chemical reaction faster, and at the end of the reaction it still has the same chemical form. If you add a catalyst to a reaction it lowers the activation energy, which is the energy required to start a reaction, so therefore the catalyst has made it easier for the particles to react, therefore increasing the rate of the reaction. If you increase the surface area of a solid in the reaction, the reaction speeds up. This is because of the collision theory. The collision theory states that "The more collisions between particles in a given time, the faster the reaction". (Chemistry for You, by Lawrie Ryan, pg. 193) Therefore if there are lots of small solids instead of one large one more particles are at the surface of the solid and more can collide and react making the reaction rate faster. If you increase the temperature of a reaction you increase the rate of the reaction. This is because of the collision theory. The higher the temperature is, the more energy the particles in the substance reacting will have and so they move around quicker, therefore colliding more often and increasing the rate of reaction. If you increase the concentration of a substance in a reaction you increase the rate of the reaction. This is because of the collision theory. As you increase the concentration of a liquid there are more particles in a certain volume of it. Therefore there is a greater chance of the particles colliding and reacting, so you increase the rate of the reaction.
Aim - To investigate the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Hypothesis - I think that the higher the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is, the faster the reaction will be. This is because of the collision theory. As I increase the concentration of the hydrochloric acid there are more particles in a certain volume of it, and therefore there is a greater chance of the HCl particles colliding with the Mg particles than in a lower concentration of acid. In my preliminary work I studied the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid, and I concluded that the reaction rate did increase as the concentration increased. I predict that the reaction that will occur between magnesium and hydrochloric acid will be as follows:
Rates of Reaction
The "rate" of a reaction is how fast a chemical reaction happens. Many things can effect the rate of reaction, catalysts, the surface area of a solid in the reaction, temperature and concentration. A catalyst is a substance, which makes the chemical reaction faster, and at the end of the reaction it still has the same chemical form. If you add a catalyst to a reaction it lowers the activation energy, which is the energy required to start a reaction, so therefore the catalyst has made it easier for the particles to react, therefore increasing the rate of the reaction. If you increase the surface area of a solid in the reaction, the reaction speeds up. This is because of the collision theory. The collision theory states that "The more collisions between particles in a given time, the faster the reaction". (Chemistry for You, by Lawrie Ryan, pg. 193) Therefore if there are lots of small solids instead of one large one more particles are at the surface of the solid and more can collide and react making the reaction rate faster. If you increase the temperature of a reaction you increase the rate of the reaction. This is because of the collision theory. The higher the temperature is, the more energy the particles in the substance reacting will have and so they move around quicker, therefore colliding more often and increasing the rate of reaction. If you increase the concentration of a substance in a reaction you increase the rate of the reaction. This is because of the collision theory. As you increase the concentration of a liquid there are more particles in a certain volume of it. Therefore there is a greater chance of the particles colliding and reacting, so you increase the rate of the reaction.
Aim - To investigate the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Hypothesis - I think that the higher the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is, the faster the reaction will be. This is because of the collision theory. As I increase the concentration of the hydrochloric acid there are more particles in a certain volume of it, and therefore there is a greater chance of the HCl particles colliding with the Mg particles than in a lower concentration of acid. In my preliminary work I studied the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid, and I concluded that the reaction rate did increase as the concentration increased. I predict that the reaction that will occur between magnesium and hydrochloric acid will be as follows:
