- Identifies when the production will take place.
- Estimates length or time of production until it is finished.
- Makes sure that raw materials are delivered on time.
- Makes sure the production plan is being followed.
- Maintains quality and standards of the product
- Monitors the timescale it will cover.
If the planning is not carefully coordinated the production could slow down or even stop. The company will lose money if workers and equipment are left due to the raw materials not arriving on time.
Physical resources and labour are the largest costs a manufacturing firm has. If they are not used efficiently, the firm can lose money quickly. The quality control department carries out inspections where random samples of the chocolates are tested to ensure the standards are met.
Batch Production is a way of creating items in bulk. In batch production, general-purpose equipment and methods are commonly used to produce small quantities of items that will be made and sold for a limited time only. Usually a similar design and process will be used to make a new product, the Cadbury snowflake is a good example of this because the mixed the flake with dream. In batch production specialized tools or items for construction purposes are created to make the products. Batch production is also used commonly in food and packaging.
There are many different roles within operations there are;
Development manager = Develop new products and improve existing products.
Team leader = In charge of how they work in the manufacturing side of it.
Plant manager = In charge of the plant in charge of the quality of the products.
Senior production manager= he/she controls the amount of overseas production and selling of the product or service.
Supervisor= they are usually in charge of the people working there and the machines there they look after the work that they are doing making sure that is up to standards.
Quality control manager= looks at the quality of the chocolates when they are produced.
People who work there.
This is an example of a real working person for Cadbury Schweppes.
Current Role:
South American Commercial Director
"I joined in 1997 as marketing manager after four years in senior roles at Penaflor, a large Argentinian beverages group. In 1998 I was promoted to Sales Director and board member. More recently, I was given the additional responsibility for sales across South America. My main goal is to achieve our sales objectives in a market that's like a roller coaster.
"Cadbury Stani is a challenging company. I feel I really fit with the culture of the company and share the same goals. In all of my roles, I've behaved as if I was running my own business, therefore I try to maximise return on investment and deliver against a plan. I feel aligned with the company's objectives.
"Our culture is results orientated, with clear objectives focused on profit and assets efficiency. The Argentine market is going through a severe recession; this requires management to be highly adaptable, to read trends early and react aggressively to achieve challenging targets. So we're an agile, committed team that evolves positively due to an open door culture and close alignment between all members. It's a great place to work as you can really see and experience success.
"What I enjoy most is the challenges I face every day due to changing environments and market conditions - the 'mind speed', creativity and innovation required to solve different issues that emerge every day.
"My favourite product? Beldent sugarless chewing gum."
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Current Role:
Value Based Management Manager
"I joined the company as a management trainee in 1990. Previously, and after graduating with BSc in Management and Accounting, I'd spent a year as a clearing clerk at the Union Bank of Nigeria.
"I initially joined to acquire some manufacturing accounting experience and stayed on due to the quality of the team, the strong leadership style and the penchant of the company to throw challenges my way. Cadbury Nigeria, in my view, remains an icon of competence and integrity in the Nigerian market. There's a strong culture of professionalism tempered with closeness and warmth.
"I've worked in a lot of different areas: as export processing manager, treasurer, then company treasurer in Nigeria; as financial accountant and acting finance manager for Cadbury Ltd (UK); then back to Nigeria as general manager IT. As business development controller, I contributed to strategy formulation relating to new business initiatives and the subsequent translation of strategy into activity programmes. In October 2001, I moved back to the UK as business development manager for the Africa, India, Middle East Region. Now, my role is as value based management manager for that region.
"What I enjoy the most is the ability to contribute to activities that have a direct bearing on the company's performance, together with the professionalism and camaraderie of the team and the total support given by the board of management.
"My favourite products? Nigeria's Tom Tom - its diverse age appeal and multifunctional utility make it a formidable offering in the West African marketplace. And Dairy Milk, which remains the flagship brand for confectionery."
Production
This diagram shows you how all the work they do come all together to make the final product (CHOCOLATE)
The departments Use of IT.
Cadburys use C.A.M to design all their products. C.A.M means computer aided manufacture. This is where they use the computers to accurately make their products.
The job revolves around computers so it is all neat and they can pass the information all over the world quickly and efficiently over email.
They need computers to keep in contact with their other plants around the world.
They also use the computers In the wispa plant individual micro processors monitor things such as temperature of about 1,000 different points, with information being fed into the central computers which can deal with some 360,000 different commands per minute. Some of the plants can wrap up to 800 bars in just under a minute.
The Bournville site alone produces an access of 500,000 tonnes of chocolate, which is 1.6 million bars of various kinds, and also 50 million hazel whirls a year.
Marketing
What is marketing?
Marketing is another part of the functional areas.
In this section they go and find out all the information they need, and put it all together to pass on to the designers that will then design the product.
Sometimes they go out and do questionnaires and sometimes they can just go on the Internet and find all the information they need there.
Basically they find out what people want and need.
Key roles of the market department.
- Develop advertising campaigns.
- Product promotion.
- Packaging design.
- The different changes in the market.
Why is marketing important?
Marketing is important because it can reduce the risk of failure when producing the product. If they just make the product then people might not buy it and they will not make a profit they will just loose a lot of money from doing so. It also keeps them ahead of competitors E.G. nestle and mars.
To help them not to lose money they also do market research.
What is Market research?
The role of market research is:
What the customers want?
Whether the new products will be popular?
The Reaction to the existing products?
The Price people are prepared to pay for the product?
Activities carried out.
The activities carried out means what they do to do their job.
They do market research to see what people want within their products and to ask what people would like to be changed about them.
Market research reduces the risk of failure when launching a new product. Questioners for example are types of primary research (new existing information).
There are two methods used by the marketing department.
1. Primary research (field research)
New data that is collected 1st hand.
Questioners/surveys
Observation
And focus panels.
2. Secondary research also known as (desk research).
Information, which already exists
E.G. sales, accounts (internal)
Internet books trade magazines and government reports (External)
E.G. fuse cost Cadburys £10 million to launch it and they tested it in a particular area. (northern England).
Cadburys also Sponsor other companies so that they can advertise their products over the TV during soaps and other high viewing TV programs, which is during 6pm to 8pm when they get home from work. They also need to be very popular with the viewers of that particular channel.
Cadburys sponsor Coronation Street. They show an advert at the end and at the beginning of the intervals in during the TV program. They use chocolate figures and make the buildings look the same as the scenes on Coronation Street. Cadbury has on average 16 million people on average watching this particular program it a night so they have a lot of people watching their advertisements at the beginning and at the end of the intervals.
It is also very expensive to put advertisements on the television at this time because the companies know when the people are watching and that give them a better chance of getting more sales. Cadburys can afford doing this because they have received a lot of money of the years they have been producing chocolate. They see it as a good investment.
A few years ago Cadburys took the advertisements off the intervals of Coronation Street in the North of England. After a few weeks of counting up the sales they realised that there sales went down dramatically from doing so.
Market segmentation
When trying to decide the best way to sell their products, businesses like Cadburys divide their customers into different groups or segments.
The six different group segments
Their use of IT.
They use a lot of computer software due to writing up all their records that they have collected from doing questionnaires and all their research off the Internet neat and organised. They can then send it all to the other departments E.G. R&D so then they can work on it to make the final product. They also need to use the computer to sort out their calculations quick and efficiently using a spreadsheet.
They use email to surf the Internet for communications and research.
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Research and development (R&D)
Research and development is the process of scientific and technological research and then the development of the findings of that research before a product is launched it can be risky they have to constantly come up with new ideas of new products or how to improve the existing ones nearly all of their ideas are rejected before they go on sale to the customers.
Why is it important?
It is important because without it then all the departments wont be able to do their work properly and they could then loose out and their competitors can take their place.
The key roles of the research and development department (R&D)
Market research.
Product research (develop new ideas)
E.G. C.A.D Computer Aided Design.
95% of ideas are
Abandoned.
Out off all of that only
5% get made.
Product development
- Totally new product is created E.G. Dream
- Extension of a certain range.
- Line extension E.G. different varieties of boost & flake turned to Snow Flake.
Their use of IT
Their use of it is similar to marketing but they use it better because they have to keep putting new ideas they think of in to the computer. They have to go around the country and see if they like it and if they would buy it just before they make large quantities of the product so then it can just go down the drain. They could also loose a lot of profit from not doing this.
They also use C.A.D (computer aided design) to make all of their products.
They work really close with all the departments so they can get feedback from them.
