Psychological Perspectives - The behavioural approach is a psychological perspective that states that human behaviour is learned, thus all behaviour can be unlearned and new behaviours learned in its place

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Health and Social Care National Extended Diploma

Psychological Perspective: Behavioural Approach

The behavioural approach is a psychological perspective that states that human behaviour is learned, thus all behaviour can be unlearned and new behaviours learned in its place. Behaviourism is concerned primarily with the observable and measurable aspects of human behaviour.

Key Theorists of the behavioural approach includes Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) and Burrhus Skinner (1904-1990). Pavlov was a Russian physiologist known primarily for his work in classical conditioning. Pavlov's principles of classical conditioning have been found to operate across a variety of experimental and clinical settings, including educational classrooms. Skinner was an American psychologist, behaviourist, author, inventor, and social philosopher. He was also a professor of Psychology at Harvard University.
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Pavlov started from the idea that there are some things that a dog does not need to learn. For example, dogs don’t learn to salivate whenever they see food. This reflex is ‘hard wired’ into the dog’s brain. However, when Pavlov discovered that any object or event which the dogs learnt to associate with food would trigger the same response, he realized that he had made an important scientific discovery. Image result for pavlovs dogs

Before conditioning

During conditioning

After conditioning

Bell:

Neutral stimulus (NS)

Bell:

Neutral stimulus (NS)
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