CLINICAL QUESTIONS:=6
1. The nurse charted “Client has an open wound located on lateral aspect of leg”. Describe where the wound is located.
It is situated at the upper part of the lateral side of the leg, and is the most superficial of the three
2. Homeostasis describes the body’s ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world is continuously changing. A patient presents with very high blood glucose (sugar) levels and upon questioning reveals that he had recently eaten a breakfast of six doughnuts and 4 glasses of soft drink. Discuss how the body would regulate these blood glucose levels through negative feedback. (HINT. Check out the Endocrine System chapter and the diagram related to regulation of blood glucose levels).
3. A 64 year old man is admitted to the hospital for non-healing pressure ulcers to his heels. He has been bedridden for 10 years because of a degenerative muscle disease. Explain why protein would be an important part of his diet to promote wound healing.
Wound healing is the process of repair that goes after injury to the skin or other soft tissues. Pressure ulcer can also be considered as wounds. Casein is a milk protein which forms a gel or clot in the stomach, making very efficient in nutrient supply. And the clot can be able to provide sustained slow release of amino acids into the blood stream, (it may last for several hours). And also Casein is a good source of essential amino acids, mainly glutamic acid. It also contains necessary elements for wound healing (proline, aspartate, leucine and lysine)
4. Describe the difference of cell division between normal cells and cancer cells.
normal cell division has a specific "stop signal" wherein cell division then stops, permanently for that cell undergoing division.
in the case of a cancer cell, that "stop signal" is overridden and what happens is that the cell continues to undergo this manic division frenzy
5. You have studied hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions. From your studies complete the following statements.
A hypertonic solution draws fluid out of the body cells.
A hypotonic solution draws fluid into the body cells.
A isotonic solution has the same solute and water concentrations as our body cells.
6. Explain why an open wound would need a bed of granulation for wound healing to occur.
Granulation tissue is tissue with good blood circulation and adequate blood supply is needed for a wound to heal.
7. Mary noticed a large, brown spot on her skin. She has been playing tennis in the sun for several years without sun protection. She reported the discovery to a friend, who told her to apply the ABCD rule to determine whether or not she had a malignant melanoma. Her friend told her that if her answer was “no” to the questions that were asked by the ABCD rule, she had nothing to worry about. What is the ABCD rule and should she ignore the spot if her answers are negative?
A = Asymmetry: Moles are commonly symmetrical and round. Very early melanomas, are asymmetrical assuming different forms. One half does not match the other half.
B = Border: Commonly moles, have even and smooth borders. Early melanomas, are usually uneven and notched borders.The edges are ragged, notched or blurred.
C = Color: Moles commonly are a single shade of brown, early malignant melanomas shows brown-tan or black color. Further, as melanomas progress, may see red, white, and blue color.
D = Diameter: Early malignant melanomas, differently from moles, tend to grow larger in diameter. First suspects in melanoma start fom, a 6 millimeters diameter on. Any sudden or continuing increase in size should be of special concern.
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