Explain why Quarry Bank Mill was built on this site.
Q2. Explain why Quarry Bank Mill was built on this site. Samuel Greg is the son of a Belfast merchant and ship owner. Greg had been a partner in a firm with his uncle dealing in fustian, a cloth produced using both linen and cotton. When Robert Hyde, his uncle, died in 1782 he had left nearly £30,000 to Samuel Greg. Since Greg had a background in textile manufacturing he would know what was involved in the job and what the trade was like. Although he was in an exceptional financial position he would still have to find the cheapest way possible of running a mill. When deciding where the mill was to be built, he would have to consider the cost, together with other factors, such as where a power source suitable, would always be available to him. The most minor factors of where to build the mill, which were probably just preferred, was the climate and local connections. The climate would help if it was wet, to help keep the mill damp and Greg might want to stay local to his family and stay in Manchester. The most important factors to consider would be space, a power source and a work force, which all links together. The mill needed to be built next to a fast flowing river that could be used as a power source as at the time it was the best power source available. The river coming off of the Bridgewater canal was used for the mill. It was reliable and was sure not to dry up in
This case history documents events that occurred at the Markham coal colliery in Derbyshire, England in 1973. A descending mine cage failed to slow down as it approached the bottom of the mine shaft and 18 miners were killed by the impact.
Report of The Markham Colliery Disaster Background This case history documents events that occurred at the Markham coal colliery in Derbyshire, England in 1973. A descending mine cage failed to slow down as it approached the bottom of the mine shaft and 18 miners were killed by the impact. The shaft was sunk in 1886 and has a depth of 429m. There are two double-deck cages, each capable of carrying a maximum of sixteen persons per deck. In operation, the two cages are attached to opposite ends of a winding rope so that as one cage goes up, the other descends. At the pit bottom, each cage rests on wooden baulks set into the walls of the shaft. The winding ropes are attached to the winding drum which is driven by the winder motor. The armature of this motor is supplied by a generator set which is driven by an a-c induction motor. To begin a winding cycle, the engineman gradually increases the power applied to the winder motor while slowly releasing the mechanical brake. The cages are allowed to accelerate to a speed of about 6m/s and this speed is maintained until the cages approach the ends of the shaft. The engineman then gradually decrease the generator voltage to produce regenerative braking. Basically the brake consists of a servo spring mechanism that applies brake shoes to the underside of brake paths on the winding drum. These shoes are activated by the compressed
Cad cam essay
Nick Renwick Cad cam essay Cad stands for computer aided design. It is used in replace for a drawing board etc. because it is much more accurate and reliable. Cad involves using a computer and appropriate software .You can use a mouse to design it but it isn't very accurate so they usually type in the commands or use a tablet pc. Cad allows very accurate and precise drawings to be achieved quickly and easily and it is very easy to make alterations to you project your designs can be stored on disks so you can take your work anywhere you go Cam stands for computer aided manufacture. Cad and Cam are mostly used together. Because cad designs the project and cam cuts it out. This is good because it means you can mass-produce things e.g. for architectural, engineering, electronics, roadways, and woven fabrics. This saves a lot of money and time in the long run, which is a key essential for a business Examples * A good example of cad and cam is in the food market where they need to design complicated nets and put a design on it and then cam can cut out thousands and even millions of copy's * Also something like digital cameras they can mass-produce all the little parts in it, and using cad will make sure they will all fit together perfectly. * Also designing something for resistant materials. It takes much less time and produces a perfect piece of work. Before cad cam
Material Selection for Oil and Gas Material 2
Question 4. In order to make electromagnetic measurements while drilling, EMWD, a non-magnetic isolation sub is required at the position of the signal generation. This is located just above the mud motor and the universal bottom hole orientation sub, UBHO, and is part of the drill string. Select a material to be used for this application. Solution Use and Properties An EMWD deice is a downhole sensor. It is attached behind the drill bit. Its primary purpose is to measure environmental contaminants while drilling. As the EMWD is an electromagnetic device a non-magnetic isolation sub is required over it in order to obtain the most accurate data. This non-magnetic isolation sub will be designed to have a relatively long life (at least 20 - 30 times down hole), with appearance (surface finish) not important as it is to go downhole. This isolation sub will also be considered a performance item in terms of cost (cost is not a major factor in its selection). . Safety Conditions The safety criteria for this is low to medium because it is downhole. ?f ? 0.20 KIC ? 120 MPaVm Assumptions - Low to medium corrosive - pressure is constant at 4000 kPa - vibrations are minimal - cost is a major factor Consideration Criteria Primary Magnetic permeability Secondary Fatige Strength; and Torsional strength functions of ?y, ?u from high stresses and strains due to
The aim of this experiment is to examine the effect of different variables - pH-value, material and its mass - on how acid rain effects buildings and sculptures made of marble and limestone
Maximilian Ziegler Candidate number 000-495-022 3IB Investigating the effect of acid rain on building materials Planning (a) Problem The aim of this experiment is to examine the effect of different variables - pH-value, material and its mass - on how acid rain effects buildings and sculptures made of marble and limestone. Hypothesis The lower the pH of sulphuric acid used, the more of the building material will be dissolved. When the same pH of sulphuric acid is used for the same material, the initial mass will play a role. The more it weighs in the beginning, the more weight it will lose. I also assume that the pH-value will increase as marble/concrete should react like base with the sulphuric acid. Possible Variables - pH-value - Materials - Size/mass of the material used Planning (b) Apparatus/ Materials - 4 little pieces of marble (CaCO3) - 1 little piece of concrete - Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) - Several test tubes with corks - Ph-meter - Beakers - Oven - Balance - tweezers Procedure First of all, we have to prepare the different pH-values which we will use for this experiment. We do this by adding concentrated sulphuric acid into 5 different beakers and dilute it by adding water, whilst measuring the pH at all time to get the pH-values we decided to use for this experiment. We will tag every single beaker, so that we know which one we use for
The design of lamp
Brainstorm of Lighting The following are the ideas of the uses or purposes of lighting. Design Problem I'm the boss of the company. In these days, it's really a profitable decision to sell lamps. However, my company is selling other electronic products at the past. I'm really not sure about the market and the ideal lamps to the customers. Design Brief I will ask my designers and makers to make a lamp that is suitable for the customers and the market of lamps. Ways to solve the problem: . Conduct a questionnaire to ask the opinions of the general public about my lamp 2. Collect some photographic evidences of the uses of lamp and what they usually do with the lamp. 3. Look at the newspapers and find out the trend of the uses of lamp. 4. Conduct a further questionnaire to find out the style, concerns and colors of the ideal lamp to the customers. Questionnaire I would ask approximately 20 people in my questionnaire. It's done by random phone calls. The questions are as follow: . What do you mainly use the lamp for? 2. Where do you mainly use the lamp? 3. Who in your family uses the lamp at most times? 4. Do you use a lamp to do your writing or homework? Questionnaire results . The uses of lamp (People can choose more than one item) Uses Percentage Writing and Studying 56% Decoration 0% Fashion 0% Afraid of darkness 20% No comments 0% 2. The
But the proportions of these materials have changed. As you can see from Figure1, the 1994 Boeing 777 have increased the use of composites such as carbon fibres, graphite, epoxy resins etc. by 10 % in comparison to the 1969 Boeing 747.
Aircrafts are complex machines that are designed to transport people or payloads for long distances at very high speeds. These complicated transports are manufactured from a variety of different materials based on their mechanical properties, density, strength and stiffness as they are the primary requirements for constructing an aircraft. The developments of aircraft have evolved dramatically since the Wright Flyer in 1903 which was the first manned powered flying machine. There are remarkable differences between the Wright Flyer which used wood, glue and canvas in comparison to the aluminium, steel, titanium, composites etc. used by the 1969 Boeing 747-400. The concepts of aircraft are similar, but the choices of materials used are the main physical alterations that could be observed. Aircraft materials have fluctuated astonishingly in the pass 50 years let alone comparing the modern aircrafts with the Wright Flyer. The aluminium, steel, titanium, composites used in 1969 are still used in the modern days. But the proportions of these materials have changed. As you can see from Figure1, the 1994 Boeing 777 have increased the use of composites such as carbon fibres, graphite, epoxy resins etc. by 10 % in comparison to the 1969 Boeing 747. Figure 1 For modern military aircraft such as F-22 and the Eurofighter, they have a third of their structure made by composites as shown
Is steel is the ideal material from which to make a high impact bike frame?
Young's Modulus Young's Modulus is a measure of strength and stiffness. If you get a large force over a small area then you will get a large figure for stress. And a small extension divided by a large original length will give you a small figure for strain. Divide these numbers and a large modulus results, the material extends little for a large applied force. Steel has a large modulus, meaning that it is stiff and strong. A typical modulus for steel is 1100 Mpa, whereas cfrp, titanium and aluminium have modulus's of 2145, 900 Mpa and 400 Mpa respectively. This shows that although steel is not the strongest of the materials commonly used to construct mountain bike frames it is still very strong. Reasons why, although it is the strongest material, cfrp is not commonly used to construct frames will be discussed in the 'cfrp' section of this presentation. Elongation Elongation of a material is how much it stretches before breaking as a percentage of its overall length .The higher the percentage of elongation before a material breaks, the greater its ductility. Ductility is the ability of a material to deform without breaking. Good ductility is a desirable characteristic for a material to be used in the construction of mountain bike frames as the material will give warning before it breaks, and not just fail catastrophically, maybe leading to rider injury. Steel is a ductile
Customer research.
Customer research This page will able me to find out the needs and wants of the customer. If I want my café to be a success I must find out the customer's preferences. This could be done in various ways such as questionnaires, talking to people face to face, asking groups of people their likes and dislikes and by interviewing either by tape or video recording. After doing this page I have been able to view my customers preferable colour scheme, shop outlook, theme, style, and promotional incentive preferences. This will lead me to having a successful café, as I know what will attract the customer. The results from the questionnaire are shown in assorted graphs. They show what the customer liked and disliked. N.B questionnaire was not the only choice of researching the customers' inclinations. I have also interviewed people and recorded the information via a Dictaphone and camcorder. These can be found in the back plastic wallet The results clearly show that more of the target market liked the metallic colours. This is was very clear but it was not what I wanted. I like the more subtle colours such as blues and creams but as the customer prefers metallic colours I will use them to give me a better chance of being successful. However I will not completely disregard my preferences. I will mix and match the both to create a subtle but lively colour scheme. On my second