Why are there more and more Hong Kong residents taking up residential flats in Guangdong Province?
Why are there more and more Hong Kong residents taking up residential flats in Guangdong Province? Name: Viola Yu, Lok Yan Candidate Number: D0638118 Li Po Chun United World College of Hong Kong Word Count: 3802 Abstract This extended essay aims at investigating relationship between residential properties in Hong Kong and Guangdong province, China. My researches question "Why are there more and more Hong Kong residents taking up residential flats in Guangdong Province?" is discussed. By comparing price and quality of flats, people's income, surrounding environment, cost of living, perception and government policies, it is found that most of these factors contribute to the increasing demand of Guangdong's flats, because of better environment, lower cost of living, career development, family union and so on. The outflow of capital and money do not only lead to a loss of properties agencies, but it also affects the Gross National Products (GDP) of Hong Kong negatively. This essay is concluded that the flow will soon stop as the substitution effect is decreasing. As Guangdong province develops rapidly, cost of living and properties' price are raising dramatically, Hong Kong residents will stay in Hong Kong due to similar environment in both places and geographical inertia. The outlook of Hong Kong property market is still positive. A lot of surveys and statistics
Contrast and compare the urban land use in the London Docklands.
Introduction The aim of my coursework is to contrast and compare the urban land use in the London Docklands. To help me with my coursework I will study a number of different areas in London and compare them to the Docklands. When studying the docklands and different areas I will take into account many different factors such as housing, industry, Transportation and many other factors. I will study certain land use models to help me. Land use models contain functional zones showing land use. Some of the main land use models are identified below. Bid - Rent Theory This theory shows that as the value in the land decreases so does the distance away from the centre, accessible and prestigious sites. However, as the land values decrease with distance away from the city centre, there are little peaks in the graph. These are the suburban centre where land values has increased because industry, commercialism, and good transport links have developed here. This attracts people who bring money into community and raise the land value prices. This graph shows land values decreasing, the graph is predicted by Enfield planners as Enfield shopping centre is under construction for in a few years time. It shows high land values at kings cross and low at Holloway prison. Peaks at Finsbury Park and Wood Green. Finally falling again at Enfield. Other
Major Chemical Pollutants in Photochemical Smog.
Major Chemical Pollutants in Photochemical Smog: Sources and Environmental Effects Toxic Chemical Sources Environmental Effects Additional Notes Nitrogen Oxides (NO and NO2) - combustion of oil, coal, gas in both automobiles and industry - bacterial action in soil - forest fires - volcanic action - lightning - decreased visibility due to yellowish color of NO2 - NO2 contributes to heart and lung problems - NO2 can suppress plantgrowth - decreased resistance to infection - may encourage the spread of cancer - all combustion processes account for only 5 % of NO2 in the atmosphere, most is formed from reactions involving NO -concentrations likely to rise in the future Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - evaporation of solvents - evaporation of fuels - incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - naturally occurring compounds like terpenes from trees - eye irritation - respiratory irritation - some are carcinogenic - decreased visibility due to blue-brown haze - the effects of VOCs are dependent on the type of chemical - samples show over 600 different VOCs in atmosphere - concentrations likely to continue to rise in future Ozone (O3) - formed from photolysis of NO2 - sometimes results from stratospheric ozone intrusions - bronchial constriction - coughing, wheezing - respiratory irritation - eye irritation -
Kyoto and Fuel Poverty
3a) Discuss and critically evaluate the development of sustainable construction since the Rio conference and Kyoto agreements and include and compare agenda 21, HECA, affordable warmth, fuel poverty policies and guidelines and their apparent effectiveness in terms of the spirit of the Rio agreements. The construction industry is one of the most intensive in terms of its consumption of natural resources and energy and in its production of waste materials. In order to meet the goals of sustainable development, the construction industry must embrace more sustainable forms of building and make better use of the resources available. It is not just an issue of matching consumption patterns to the earth's available natural wealth. The extraction, processing and transportation of these materials have a huge environmental impact - the more consumed, the more damage there is. Sustainable construction therefore, requires not only reducing consumption, but also re-using and recycling the materials already available. The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992. It was attended by political leaders from 178 countries together with representatives from all the major environmental organisations. The objectives of the conference were to respond to pressing global environmental problems and five separate agreements were made,
Participative Models of Planning Vs Post-Modern Views of Planning.
Local and Strategic Planning Participative Models of Planning Vs Post-Modern Views of Planning By Harpreet Chadha W01104706 Module tutor : Robin Crompton It is my intention to explain as best I can within the parameters of this paper, various 'participative' models that have played a part in town planning, relying heavily on Sherry Arnstein's "A Ladder of Citizen Participation" as it is in my opinion the most influential article that deals specifically with the topic of participation in respect to town planning. Other theorists, philosophers and political thinkers such as Hillier, Routledge, Melucci, Albrechts, Cohen and Arato have all provided their views and proposed solutions, and indeed have asked many interesting questions, mainly dealing with issues of power, that cannot be ignored. It is also my intention to discuss the 'post-modern' views of planning which can only happen with an understanding of the 'modern' views of planning, as it was only with the social failure of the modern that the post-modern as an ideology could be borne in the minds of those that matter (those that occupy positions of power and influence.) A major problem with explaining the post-modern is that all those thinkers involved in the debate stand at differing degrees to the left, to the right and so finding a central argument is impossible thanks to the likes of, Harvey, Lyotard,
The nature of Property Market & Roles of A Valuer. The traditional methods used in valuations are called the five methods. Factors affecting Property Values
Lecture 2 The natures of Property Market & Roles of A Valuer Introduction The valuer is primarily concerned with the valuation of land and/or buildings. Valuation may be defined as the estimation of the capital or rental value of land and/or buildings at a certain time. He will need to know the purpose for which the valuation is required and intentions and circumstances of the client or employer on whose behalf it is being prepared. Valuation is a matter of opinion; it is an individual's subjective assessment of different factors. Different weights can be given to various opinions, and a valuer who has studied the different methods of valuation and who gets his/her valuations to accord with market evidence will be listened to and inform others. Computers can assist with the assembling of market evidence and comparable transactions, and they can be used for complex mathematical calculations, but in the end, however, it is the art of valuation that counts. A valuer is required to value property, which is to find a market value when the market transaction for the property has yet to take place. This is a responsible decision and expensive if things go wrong; if you put a property up for sale at too low a valuation you are likely to lose money, at too high a valuation the property will stick on the market and take a long time to sell if at all. The traditional methods used
Many commentators had expected to see widespread growth of the regional shopping centre in the 1990's. Examine critically the reasons why this was not the case.
Many commentators had expected to see widespread growth of the regional shopping centre in the 1990's. Examine critically the reasons why this was not the case. Introduction Retailing is one of the most important sectors in all developed economies and retail property i.e. shops and shopping centres, constitute an important part of a country's built environment (Boucke, 1989). The amount of floorspace devoted to retail and service activities in Britain is over seventy million m2 and city centres, as well as their peripheries, have changed radically in their appearance and function during the last thirty years. Development of new retail floorspace has been one of the most important areas of capital expenditure in Britain in the last two decades. For example, in the financial year of 1991/1992, Tesco plc spent around £1 billion on the development of new superstores (Guy, 1994). However, in recent years the focus has shifted away from the grocery retail sector and its expansion of superstores, and increasing literature has focused on the growth of new modern forms of shopping development in the form of enclosed 'Americanised' malls. These centres form part of Schiller's (1986) 'third wave of decentralisation' and have significance both as a source of economic growth and change, and as a social phenomenon that can evoke both positive and negative reactions. This essay seeks
Irony in The Visit
Irony in The Visit Irony is a literary device, which spins a web through Friedrich Dürrenmatts play, The Visit. Irony can be found throughout the aggregate of the tragic-comedy. Dürrenmatts first influential example of irony is the towns name. However, other examples such as the black panther, indications of Claire's power, as well as the communities qualities, or vices, are contemporary illustration of irony. The towns name, Güllen, wasn't chosen at random. It is a translation from German, Dürrenmatt's mother tongue, meaning 'manure'. This is ironic, since it depicts a metaphor of the town's, for the first time physical state, and its subsequent state of morality. An ironic indication of the moral collapse of this town are the words coming out of the Mayor's mouth, "If they (factories) boom we'll all boom...(p.26)". The money will ransom them from the physical decay, will however lead them to an ethical disaster, instead of letting them rise as foreseen. This, conversely, guides the denizens to more ironical engagements, such as that of the Mayor, "we would rather have poverty than blood on our hands (p.39)". This is nothing but an unfulfilled pledge, seeing that the town lets Ill down, finding excuses to justify their action of after all killing their fellow citizen and so called friend. Ill ironically believes that the town is on his side, which corresponds to the
The Inevitable Fate in One Hundred Years of Solitude
Book Report Competition Title: One Hundred Years of Solitude Author: Garcia Marquez Publisher: Penguin Name: Li Terence H Class: 4D Class number: 20 The Inevitable Fate in One Hundred Years of Solitude A sense of fantasy infuses the opening pages of One Hundred Years of Solitude. In Macondo, a small town in an unnamed region of South America, there is, seemingly, magic in everything. It is described as a place on no map, lying outside civilization, behind mountains that lead to the ancient city of Riohacha, a place that many years ago was home to the Buendia ancestors. For years, the town has no contact with the outside world, except for the gypsies who occasionally visit, introducing a host of fabulous things - flying carpets, magnets, daguerreotypes, ice, telescopes, and so on. We are introduced to Melquiades, the leader of the gypsies. He is in a constant struggle with death, having survived countless potentially fatal diseases. He dies, but revives, and dies again. Life and death intermingle and cannot be separated. The present, past and future mix together as well. We will probably be fascinated by the opening sentence, "Many years later, as he faced the firing squad, Colonel Aureliano Buendia was to remember that distant afternoon when his father took him to discover ice." The narrator seems to know everything already and we are experiencing as if it were
What factors contributed to the expansion of the Barnwell area from a small village in 1801 to a busy suburb of Cambridge by 1901?
Question: What factors contributed to the expansion of the Barnwell area from a small village in 1801 to a busy suburb of Cambridge by 1901? * At the end of the eighteenth century Cambridge was suffering a significant reduction in the population. According to available statistics, in 1674 the population exceeded 9000, whereas by 1728 Cambridge's population was under 8000. There are many possible explanations for this sudden fall in population. One is overcrowding, and its repercussions, such as poor conditions (lack of clean water for everyone, or excessive amounts of sewage which were hard to get rid of), lack of employment, and very high property prices and rents. The city was squalid, and the lack of a proper sewage disposal system lowered the already poor conditions. Another contributing factor to the mentioned fall in population was the attraction exerted by cities in the north around the beginning of 1750, a period of time marked by the onset of the Industrial Revolution. Cities such as Manchester or Leeds (typical northern cities) offered great opportunities of employment, particularly in the newly born industries. We will now analyze in more detail the expansion issue in Cambridge. The city of Cambridge was expanding at a very fast rate, but the space available for settlement was running short. The expansion of the University restricted the residential areas to