Death Penalty - Alternative Executions Presentation.
Peter Demetrious American Studies: Death Penalty: Alternative Executions Presentation Along with the controversy surrounding capital punishment, are the methods used to enforce it. The search for the most "humane" form of execution has plagued the death penalty along with the effects it has upon modern society. Today there are four forms of execution used in the United States. These are firing squad, the electric chair, the gas chamber and the lethal injection. Back when America founded its independence, and up until the late 19th Century; the most popular form of execution was hanging. It was symbolic in that the condemned would fall through the trap door suspended between "heaven and earth." Hanging was a complicated method and many things went wrong with the executions. Early 19th Century hangings were held in public and often attracted large crowd. Public executions were used mainly as a form of deterring people from committing crimes against the state. Unfortunately, the crowds not only witnessed the execution, but also the gruesome consequences that often occurred. Banner points out that there is a strong relation between the search for alternate methods of execution and the affects on the public who viewed them. It was not only the need for more reliable techniques, but the increasing problem of public executions. These instances forced the states to question
POLICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS: This project aims to look into the very basic idea of Human Rights with respect to the police processes especially in the case of arrest for this purpose the law of arrest in India will be compared with International Conventions.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION "Although the courts have not assumed to define 'liberty' with any great precision, that term is not confined to mere freedom from bodily restraint. Liberty under law extends to the full range of conduct, which the individual is free to pursue, and it cannot be restricted except for a proper governmental objective".... Warren. Former Chief Justice of Supreme Court of United States Human Right violations by a law enforcement agency like Police is a universal malady but in a democratic set-up, the operational styles of the public institutions should be geared to respond to the needs of the good governance and that is assured by the special aspect that they draw sustenance from the people's support and elicit public participation in their working. This weight of democratic accountability on the law enforcement agencies must lead towards a consistent and humane environment so that the human rights culture, which is desired by the most, must be positively promoted. Across the world there is a revamping of institutions of Government in the light of the well-recognized human rights standards. Human Rights are inherent in a person by virtue of his/her being a human. They comprise both civil and political rights as well as economic, social and cultural rights. Criminal justice as a vital institution is also reoriented in the same spirit. However, there are
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Case Analysis and comment:St George Bank Limited v FCT [2008] FCA 453
In the field of taxation, when it comes to allowable deduction, taxpayers often face with the challenge of determining whether a specific amount is income to be deductible or capital or of capital nature which is not deductible under s8-1(2) of the ITAA 1997 [1]. This leads to the discussion on characterising an amount to be capital or of capital nature. The purpose of this essay is to address and critically analyse how the Court seeks to determine the characteristics of an amount to conclude it is on capital account through the case of St George Bank Limited v FCT [2008] FCA 453. As a result of the takeover, SGB's capital adequacy ratios decreased below that required by the Reserve Bank of Australia as a condition of holding an Australian banking license. In order to satisfy the required ratio, St George Funding Company LLC (LLC) was established and capitalised in the amount of US$107.2 million by share subscription of common stock. LLC then lent US$350 million to SGB under an indenture, and a debenture was issued by SGB to LLC. SGB claimed deduction for interest payable to LLC pursuant to the debenture but the Federal Court held that the payments of interest were outgoings of capital or of a capital nature, and thus were not deductible under the general deduction provision of the tax law. The ratio of this case is the nature of deductibility of an amount under capital or
To what extent does the Agricultural Industry comply with Health and Safety legislation?
2bem0410-(02)-01-James-Amanda Research Methods Assignment 1 Research Proposal Submission Date - 1st April 2004 Word count = 2701 (excluding cover page, contents page and appendices) Contents Title Page 2 Background Page 2 Research aims/questions Page 6 Research Objectives Page 6 Methodology Page 7 Primary Research Page 8 Secondary Research Page 9 Sampling Page 11 Timetable Page 11 References Page 12 Appendix 1 Page 14 Appendix 2 Page 14 Appendix 3 Page 14 Appendix 4 Page 15 Appendix 5 Page 15 Appendix 6 Page 15 Appendix 7 Page 15 Appendix 8 Page 15 Appendix 9 Page 16 Appendix 10 Page 23 . Title Either personal or academic issues may influence the subject area chosen for research; White (2000) suggests that when choosing a topic consideration should be given to various issues (see appendix 1) to ensure success is achieved. The recommendations have led to the following title being chosen: To what extent does the Agricultural Industry comply with Health and Safety legislation? 2. Background Gill and Johnson (2002)1suggest "any research project will necessitate reading what has been written on the subject and gathering it together in a critical review". This will provide awareness of the current situation and how the proposed research is going to add to what is already known, although White (2000) states that "other peoples work must not
Comparing Arbitration in Uzbekistan and Russia.
"Arbitration improves access to justice. It enhances the likelihood of recovery. It delivers speedier results. It keeps costs down. For many, it is a superior option to the expensive, slow, cumbersome ways that have come to typify our civil justice system." Peter B. Rutledge Arbitration - A way of Modernization. Contents: Introduction: 2 Arbitration in Uzbekistan: 2 Arbitration in Russia: 3 Conclusion: 4 Introduction: In the past decade, the need and importance of an alternate to litigation has increased immensely. Thus leading to an increase in the development and demand of arbitration. Arbitration is the hearing of a dispute by an independent third party chosen by the parties involved in the dispute. The decision reached by the arbitrator is generally binding.1 Nowadays, in the fast moving business world, time is money. Since litigation can be a very lengthy process in resolving disputes, most of the businesses these days prefer to opt for arbitration instead of litigation. Arbitration usually takes up to 3-4 days (in most modern jurisdictions) in resolving disputes , while in litigation it could take you up to 3-4 years (in some cases even more). Moreover, compared to litigation arbitrations costs relatively less. Therefore arbitration is becoming increasingly popular. This system is quite new in Uzbekistan and is therefore still developing. So if we
Discussing Infanticide.
Jessica Nelson In the year 2000, a high school senior got pregnant by her boyfriend of two years. She had thought that they would have been together forever. But, when he broke up with her, she decided that she didn't want this baby to be a reminder of him. So, she told no one about her pregnancy. Prom night came and she started having contractions. She went into the ladies room and delivered her new baby boy. She then smothered this baby and put him in a toilet in the hotel bathroom. The baby was found and this girl was charged with manslaughter. She was sentenced to a mere three years in jail. For another example, two college freshmen are charged with murder after giving birth to their son and then throwing him in a dumpster outside of their college. They were faced with possible life in prison. But, the judge sentenced them to just five years. Ladies and Gentlemen, those were perfect examples of infanticide. Both of those cases are very true; 4 other incidents very similar to those also took place. Both of the judges in those cases believed that the infants were not human beings, therefore gave those children's parents the minimum sentence for the crime they had committed. By definition, infanticide is the intentional killing of a child usually less than one year old. Infanticide committed within the twenty-four hours of birth is called neonaticide. People
Why did heroin appeal to certain groups of young people in the 1980's in Britain?
Why did heroin appeal to certain groups of young people in the 1980's in Britain? "Heroin screws you up". This was the slogan used by the British Health Authority during the 1980's, designed to deter the increase of heroin use among certain groups of young people. Heroin is an opiate, derived from the poppy plant, produced from morphine. It is either injected after dilution with water or smoked, known as "chasing the dragon". Often defined as the most dangerous narcotic by the media, heroin is classified as a Class A drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act, and doctors are legally required to notify the Home Office of any opioid clients. The illegal market of heroin use originated in the late1960's, when a group of young users in London started distributing excess amounts of the drug obtained from general practitioners, who were prescribing it to opium addicts. The official statistics of heroin addicts was approximately 3,000, and the problem was largely confined to London. These figures changed little throughout the 1970's; however, 1979-81 saw the beginning of a phenomenal pattern of heroin use. By the mid-1980's the official number of heroin addicts in Britain had increased to a spectacular 12,000. Unlike the older generation of bohemians, these new younger users were from a predominantly working class background, in their late teens and early twenties. Why then, did heroin
In this report I am going to be critically anaylising the changes that have been brought forward following the Larence Report which was written by Sir William Mcphereson in 1999.
In this report I am going to be critically anaylising the changes that have been brought forward following the Larence Report which was written by Sir William Mcphereson in 1999. Usually the triggers for change have multiple causes according to Tsang 1997:74-75. The police have multiple causes for change as the have been under a lot of scrutiny about being racist in the police force. Black teenager Stephen Lawrence was murdered by racist thugs at a bus stop in Eltham South-east London. A bungled police investigationmeans no one has been charged for his murder. Institutional racism consist of the collective failure of an organisation to provide an appropriate and professional service to people because of their colour culture or ethnic origin. It can be seen or dectected in processes, attitudes and behaviour which amount to discrimination through unwitting prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness, and racist stereotypingo which disadvantage minority ethnic people. The McPherson report into the racist murder of Stelhan Lawrence acted as a wakeup call to the public services. Aswell as examining the problem of institutional racism in the police force, the report found that public bodies do not take the issue seriously. Institutional racism concluded the Mcpherson report into the police investigation of the murder of Stephan Lawrence exists within bth the metroplolitan Police
How Does Gender Impact On Drug Use
How Does Gender Impact On Drug Use How Does Gender Impact on Drug Use? Drug taking used to be seen as a predominantly male activity, with women involved only on the sidelines. It is generally seen as a young, male, working class pursuit and if women were addicts they were seen as unnatural and deviant. "It would be foolish to imagine that women do not take drugs - isolated young housewives are amongst the heaviest drug users and girls in their late teens are one of the largest groups amongst attempted suicides by drug overdose...I am suggesting for a complex of reasons the imaginary solutions which drugs may offer boys do not have the same attraction for girls." However if it is unnatural for women to take drugs does this mean that it is natural and therefore acceptable for males to be drug users? This idea of the gender split is now changing; in many areas of drug culture (particularly those associated with the dance culture) women are seen on the same level as men and participate as fully as their male counterparts. This idea of it being acceptable for men to be drug users but not for women is seen in The United States also. When the first drug treatment centres were opened in the 1960's they were exclusively for men, women simply did not figure into the equation. "Female addicts have been considered sicker, more resistant to treatment, and more difficult to deal
Cyrillus Kreegi õpetajatöö Läänemaal.
Eesti Muusikaakadeemia Muusikateaduse osakond Maria Mölder Cyrillus Kreegi õpetajatöö Läänemaal I proseminaritöö Juhendaja: Anu Kõlar Tallinn 2001 Sisukord . Sissejuhatus 2 2. Ülevaade Cyrillus Kreegi tegevusest pedagoogina 3 3. Cyrillus Kreegi pedagoogilised põhimõtted 7 4. Cyrillus Kreek isiksusena ja suhtlemine õpilastega 12 5. Kokkuvõte 15 6. Allikad ja kirjandus 16 . Sissejuhatus Käesolev proseminaritöö käsitleb Cyrillus Kreegi (1889-1962) tegevust pedagoogina. Lähemalt uurin tema õpetajatööd Läänemaa Õpetajate Seminaris, kus ta oli muusikaõpetaja aastail 1921-1932, ning Haapsalu Pedagoogilises Koolis, kus ta töötas 1950-1956. Vaatlen tema tööd ühesuguse taseme ja spetsiifikaga õppeasutustes. Uurimusest on kõrvale jäetud Kreegi tegevus muusikakõrgkoolides (Tallinna Riiklikus Konservatooriumis ning Tartu Kõrgemas Muusikakoolis) ning paljudes üldhariduslikes koolides. Samuti jäävad proseminaritööst välja Kreegi tööaastad Rakvere Õpetajate Seminaris (1919/1920) ja Tartu Õpetajate Seminaris (1920/1921), kuna mõlemas tegutses ta vaid ühe õppeaasta. Püüan selgusele jõuda, millised olid Kreegi pedagoogilised põhimõtted ja meetodid. Samuti vaatlen, mida ta pidas oluliseks õpilastega suhtlemisel. Suur osa materjalist, mille alusel käesoleva töö kirjutasin, pärineb Eesti Teatri-