Is Biological Pest Control Better Than Chemical Control?
Is Biological Pest Control Better Than Chemical Control? A pest is an organism that reduces the quality or the yield of a crop. They spread disease, and damage crops, which reduces the yield. Aphids and other insects do a lot of damage, as well as slugs and snails. Viruses, fungi and bacteria are also pests that cause disease, such as, potato blight. Weeds, such as wild oats, grow in the wrong place and cause interspecific competition. This makes the crop compete for space, nutrients, light etc. therefore, it is extremely important to control pests, and there are two methods for doing this. Chemical pest control is the use of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides. Biological pest control is the use of other organisms which are predators or parasites of that pest. A proper definition would be "biological control is the use of natural predators, parasites, fungi; pheromone lures etc to control pests, without the use of chemical pesticides." There are many advantages and disadvantages of both forms of pest control, and I will investigate in this essay which method of pest control is more effective. There are three types of chemical pesticides used to control pests: contact, systemic and residual. Contact pesticides are sprayed directly onto the crop. They are absorbed by the insect through spiracles (gas exchange pores) along its body. Contact herbicides and fungicides are
Describe what is meant by Industry
Question: Describe what is meant by Industry Industry, the long-term changes in types and distribution of global economic activity. In everyday usage, the term "industry" refers to large manufacturing companies, such as the big multinational car companies. In this article a broader definition of industry will be used, which includes all economic activities, in all sectors, and groups them into three broad categories; primary, secondary, and tertiary. Types of Industry Primary Industries These are the industries responsible for the extraction of natural resources. They comprise agriculture, hunting, fisheries, forestry, mining, and quarrying. A distinction is often drawn between those primary industries concerned with renewable resources such as forests and those concerned with non-renewable ones, such as minerals. Secondary Industries Secondary industries engage in the manufacturing and production of goods. The word "secondary" implies that such companies are engaged in the second stage of economic activity. They use the natural resources of the primary industries (and possibly the goods of other secondary industries) to make products. Secondary industries include house-building and the manufacture of clothes, food processing, shoes, luggage, furniture, packaging, chemicals, metal products, machinery, electrical products, electronic products, computers, cars, trains,
How and Why Nottingham has Grown.
Geography Project- How and Why Nottingham has Grown Nottingham is a fairly big city. It has quite a few big industry's like lace, boots tobacco etc. Nottingham is quite near the centre of England but a bit towards the east, as it is in the east midlands area. Nottingham has grown over a period of time for different reasons. Nottingham has been around a long time, since the 8th Century. At one point Nottingham was called Snottingham. The city has grown a lot since the 8th C when there would only have been a couple of hundred, in the medieval times there would have been about 5000 people and now days there are about 250 000 people. The Anglo-Saxons first set Nottingham on the river Leen. We do not know a great deal of information about this time since it was a very long time ago, and there are not very many records about. Some villages that were fed up with their last town or village probably set it up. They would have chosen the site because there was a river for water and a good transport site. The defence must have been good otherwise Nottingham might not have grown. Sherwood Forest might have helped with the growth of Nottingham but this is not a certainty. In 920 Trent Bridge was built, that would attract tradesmen as it was a crossing point for them. Also if anybody was travelling north they might have to cross the river Trent depending on which way they were going.
Define the term agricultural productivity and describe how it varies between different parts of the world.
Agriculture Essay Define the term agricultural productivity and describe how it varies between different parts of the world. Agricultural productivity is the term given to the output of agriculture in terms of the inputs such as the capital and labour. Therefore as a fairly general comment, this could be defined as the efficiency of the farm. This varies in different parts of the world, and this can be put down mainly to the amount of capital the farm owner has. Although there are other factors involved a lot of them are dependent on the amount of capital available. For example in MEDCs such as the UK a lot of farms are owned by wealthy people who can afford to buy machinery. This enables the farm to run more efficiently as the processes on the farm can be completed at a quicker rate and therefore the labour efficiency becomes better as one person can perform more work in one day than if no machinery was available. This in turn then saves the employee money as less staff have to be hired so therefore the wage bill is lower. On the other hand in many LEDCs many farms are used to provide food for the family of the owner, and not primarily to create a profit (although this may occur during a good harvest). Therefore so long as the farmer has enough labour and land to grow enough food for his family he will not try to increase the productivity. This means that it is highly
Industrial America: The American Steel Industry to the early 1970s
Industrial America: The American Steel Industry to the early 1970s Introduction The steel industry has been profoundly important to the development of USA by its value of output, input to the American manufacturing industries and in terms of the extent of its employment in the past. It's been important because of its political clout of its corporations and finally it's been important for strategic reasons. Background to the American Steel Industry The industry dates from mid 19th century when it grew out of the iron industry. There was huge demand for steel following the end of the Civil War and the building of the great trans-continental railway. The industry centred in Pittsburgh where the classic locational determinants of the steel industry were operative in the late 19th century. Rich deposits of iron-ore, juxtaposed to metallurgical coking coal, limestone as a flux for smelting, plentiful supply of water, plentiful migrant and immigrant labour, proximity to the markets of the American Manufacturing Belt, ease of transport to those markets and finally entrepreneurial ability and capital for e.g. Carnegie. At the end of the 19th century, many of the American manufacturing of steel was produced by small firms of a total output of 10million tons. The US Steel Industry 1900-1940 Output increased significantly during this time period from 10million tons to approximately
In what ways are banks in developing countries different from banks in financially developed economies?IntroductionThe recognition that our world is firmly segregated alongside lines of disparate economic development has been the starting poin
Week 10: In what ways are banks in developing countries different from banks in financially developed economies? Introduction The recognition that our world is firmly segregated alongside lines of disparate economic development has been the starting point of the complex sociological field of development studies. It was American president Truman who, in his second inauguration speech in 1949, spoke of an 'underdeveloped' world that needed to be helped and lifted out of unfavourable living conditions (Dodds et al., 2002: p3). Development was from then on always, though to widely varying extents, embedded, aligned, or equated with economic development. The industrial revolution that had kick-started a far-reaching process of economic growth in Europe and the nowadays 'developed' world was considered a model path which - more or less - needed to be replicated in order to achieve similar developments. Within this framework, the financial sector gained a crucial importance. While scholars still hold different views on the gravity of a financial sector for economic development, its role in Western Europe's and North America's industrialisation cannot be underestimated, bearing implications for present development debates. In how far does the structure of the banking sector in developing countries tell us about their strategy for fostering economic development; and, are special
Examine the causes and consequences of the rise of manufacturing industry in NIC's.
Examine the causes and consequences of the rise of manufacturing industry in NIC's An NIC (newly industrialised country), these are countries which have undergone recent and rapid industrialisation in the last 30 years. Taiwan and Thailand are both examples of NIC's. The causes of a rise in manufacturing industry's are that they are cheaper (material and labour), less rules, and aid from MEDC's. The consequences of a rise in manufacturing industry's are, there will be less jobs in medc's, ledc's will be exploited and there will be negative affects on the environment. I am going to discuss each of these causes and consequences. There are three main causes that I am going to examine in this essay, they all are a have influenced the rise of manufacturing industries in NIC's. Cheap labour is definitely a cause to the rise of manufacturing industry's in NIC's. This is a cause, as manufacturing companies want to exploit this advantage. If there is cheap labour in a place then companies will want to move there and use this cheap labour source as way of minimising their costs. As the labour is relatively cheap then the manufacturing industry will get bigger and bigger with more and more factories opening due to the supply of cheap labour. There have been rules in some countries, which have restricted their development. However in some places rules like these have ended and the
Why did Agriculture not share in the ‘boom’ of the 1920’s ?
Why did Agriculture not share in the 'boom' of the 1920's ? Not all people and businesses shared in the prosperity of the 1920's. The worst of the effected was the agricultural industry. There are many reasons as to why agriculture did not share in the boom of the such as falling demand, World War 1, overproduction and increased competition. All of these link together to explain the reasons why agriculture did not share in the boom. At the end of World War 1, America had exported a great deal of it's resources such as wheat, to Europe. Now that the war had ended, Europe was left poor and could not afford much of this trade anymore as the prices were too high. They had become America's main market so this loss of market meant that the businesses selling their resources to Europe lost profit. The Republican leaders had also introduced import tariffs to supposedly protect the American industries but in the case of agriculture they didn't. The tariffs meant that prices became even higher for America's main market and seeing as it was Europe, they destroyed the chance of further agricultural exports to other countries. In response to the import tariffs that America had placed on their goods, other countries such as Britain and France who had previously been America's main market, applied their own tariffs which meant that America's exports fell aswell which also meant that the
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different methods of pest control
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different methods of pest control In the world today there is an ever increasing desire to increase agricultural efficiency in terms of producing maximum yields of crops and produce. Maximum output levels cannot be reached if pests are consistently destroying crops and this affects both the producer and the consumer. Consequently different methods of exterminating and reducing pest numbers have been developed in the forms of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides, which can be categorised under the general; heading pesticides. One effective way of protecting crops is the use of chemical pesticides, which are designed to control, repel or kill various pests or weeds which are potentially harmful to the plant. The most popular pesticide in developed countries is the herbicide, which are utilised as a means of destroying weeds which are native plants growing in cultivated soil and compete interspecifically with a crop plant for key resources such as light, water and minerals. Herbicides reduce the interspecific competition between the crop and the weed. A significant disadvantage of pesticides is that they are often poisonous. Farmers must therefore take care not to overuse chemical pesticides as they can have serious effects on non-target organisms including people, such as the farmer applying the pesticide or the consumer who
How and why have historians differed in their views of the British economy in the 1930’s?
How and why have historians differed in their views of the British economy in the 1930's? Historians will always differ on points of views of all types of historical evidence. However, two main attitudes are present. A pessimistic view which is one that represents a dull and depression Britain, and a optimist view this is one that implies that at the time the state of affairs was in fact good. Neither one of these attitudes is either totally correct or totally wrong but each gives a slightly different analysis of what the 1930's in Britain were like. With the Wall Street, crash in October 1929 there was sure to be some impact on England. America recalled loans (from first world war) this put countries like Britain a currency crisis therefore meaning that England would be forced to leave the gold standard leaving Britain with a unstable eccommomic crisis about the value of the pound. With over 60% out of work it was not, supriseing that the 1930's were looked apon as being the hungry thirties. A bleak 1930's with a common view of a poor hungry Britain. With many out of work and collecting on the doll and unemployment growing rapidly. Britain being heavily dependent on staple industries likes coal, shipbuilding, iron, steel, and textiles it was clear that as the need for these industries decreased this would have an effect on the working class in Britain. . J.B Presitly gave