The Main Body Systems

The digestive system

In digestion the process is started by food entering the mouth and being mashed into a paste by the teeth to form a Bolus. During this process enzymes which are present in the saliva act on the food to start the decomposition.  Then it travels down the esophagus into the stomach, where hydrochloric acid kills most contaminants such as micro-organisms and begins to break down of some substances, and chemical alteration of some others. The hydrochloric acid has a low pH, which allows enzymes to work more efficiently. After a few hours a thick liquid is produced called chyme. Chyme will go through the small intestine, where 95% of absorption of nutrients occurs, through the large intestine with waste material eventually being eliminated during defecation.

The renal system

The Urinary System filters out excess fluid and other substances from the bloodstream. The substances that are filtered out from the body take the form of urine. Urine is a liquid that is produced by the kidneys, collected in the bladder and then excreted through the urethra. Urine is used to extract excess minerals or vitamins as well as dead blood cells from the body. The Urinary organs include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

The Nervous system

The nervous system is a network of specialized cells called neurons that transmit signals between different parts of its body The central nervous system contains the brain, spinal cord, and retina. The peripheral nervous system consists of sensory neurons, clusters of neurons called ganglia, and nerves connecting them to each other and to the central nervous system.

The Endocrine system

The endocrine system is the system of glands that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate other systems the body. Hormones are substances released from endocrine tissue into the bloodstream where they travel to target tissue and generate a response. Hormones regulate various human functions, including metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, and mood.

The Reproductive system

The reproductive system is a system of organs that allow for reproduction. Unlike most organ systems the reproductive system differentiates by sex and has several significant differences. The major organs of the reproductive system include the external genitalia as well as a number of internal organs including the gamete producing gonads.

They lymphatic system

Lymphatic System’s function is to collect and return fluid and plasma protein to the blood which will help maintain fluid balance, defend the body against disease by producing lymphocytes and absorb lipids from the intestinal tract and transport them to the blood.

The muscular system

The muscular system is consists of three types of muscles; skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits the control and movement of the body, maintains posture and structure and also circulates blood throughout the body. The muscular system in is controlled through the nervous system, although some muscles can be completely autonomous such as cardiac muscles.

The Skeletal system

The human skeleton consists of fused, such as the pelvis and the cranium, and individual bones, such as the Hyoid bone, which is located in the neck and serves as the point of attachment for the tongue, which are supported and supplemented by ligaments, tendons, muscles and cartilage. Some bones such as the Hyoid bone do not connect with other bones in the body but is supported by muscles and ligaments instead.

The immune system

The immune system consists of biological structures that protects against disease. In order to function properly, the immune system must detect a wide variety of pathogens and distinguish them from healthy tissue and helpful bacteria.