Investigation to analyse some fruit and vegetable juices for the contents present in them.

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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Ravi Aggarwal has worked on the project on the subject entitled “Analysis of Fruits and Vegetable juices” has faithfully carried out the study under my guidance and supervision and to my total satisfaction. The accompanying report that he has submitted is his genuine work and all the results are true to the best of my knowledge.

                                                                       

                                                                          MRS. PURNIMA SAIGAL

                                                                                  (Project Supervisor)

        

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere thanks to Mrs. Purnima Saigal and Mrs. Kavita Kapoor who acted as my guide and inspired me at every stage to understand and compile this project. I am also grateful to the lab assistant Mr. Ashok to provide me the apparatus required for the project.

Ravi Aggarwal

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INTRODUCTION

Fruits and vegetables are important components of our diet. We take fruits in raw state or in the form of juices, while vegetables are taken in the cooked form or sometimes as juices. Fruits and vegetables provide us carbohydrates, proteins and various other important organic compounds. The juices are rich sources of minerals, vitamins and many micronutrients (calcium, iron etc.) essential for us. For example, iron deficiency in humans causes anaemia and anaemic persons are advised to take leafy vegetables e.g. spinach and apples which fills up the iron deficiency. Vitamin-C deficiency causes scurvy which results in bleeding of gums. This disease can be cured by taking plenty of Vitamin-C rich fruits like lemon, orange, guava, amla, etc. Some fruits like papaya and vegetables like carrot are rich in vitamin A which is essential for eyes to prevent night blindness. In addition, the fruits and vegetables , particularly their juices provide instant energy to children, weak or old persons and patients too, as they can be digested easily. This clearly shows that the fruits and vegetables play a vital role in maintaining our good health.

Fruits and vegetables are seasonal and grown in different parts of our country. They need to be stored for longer period and transported to different places. It makes necessary for us to find out whether there is any damage to the useful contents of the fruits and vegetable during the storage and transportation or due to some preservatives or other factors and what kind of nutrients, minerals, etc. are present in their juices. With this idea in mind, the project has been undertaken.    

AIM – To analyse some fruit and vegetable juices for the contents present in them.

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APPARATUS - Test tubes, burner, litmus paper, beaker, tripod stand, conical flasks, burette, pipette.    

CHEMICALS REQUIRED –

1. Fehling’s solution A

2. Fehling’s solution B

3. Tollen’s reagent (Ammoniacal AgNO3)

4. Benedict’s solution

5. Iodine solution        

6. Chloroform (CHCl3)

7. Concentrated nitric acid (HNO3)

8. Concentrated Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4)

9. Ethyl Alcohol (C2H5OH)

10. Alkaline copper sulphate (CuSO4 + NaOH)

11. Aqueous sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)

A. Fruit juices that were analysed :-

(i)  Apple

(ii) Coconut

B. Vegetable juices that were analysed :-

(i) Tomato

The various experiments and tests performed ...

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