How exercise affects the rate of the pulse.
Eleanor Green How Exercise Affects the Rate of the Pulse * Introduction For this investigation I will find out how the level of an exercise and time affects the rate of the pulse. * Normally, the harder the exercise, the more muscle used so the more blood needed to be pumped around the body so the higher the pulse rate. And, the longer the time doing the exercise the more blood needed for stamina. Blood is pumped from the heart to the muscles in the body by arteries. * This can vary by: The level of exercise The period of time used for exercising The fitter/unfitter a person is Whether or not the person smokes The weight of the person * What I will change is: The time The exercise * What I will measure is: The time * How I control the other variables: I will control the time through a stopwatch * Method A1 Take resting pulse rate for 1 minute 2 Walk on the spot for 1 minute 3 Take 5 seconds after stopping to find pulse rate 4 Count the number of beats for 1 minute B1 Take resting pulse rate 2 Walk on the spot for 2 minutes 3 Take 5 seconds to find pulse rate 4 Count the number of beats for 1 minute C1 Take resting pulse rate 2 Jog on the spot for one minute 3 Take 5 seconds to find pulse rate 4 Count the number of beats per minute D1 Take resting pulse rate 2 Jog on the spot for 2 minutes 3 Take 5 seconds to find pulse rate 4 Count the
The physical fitness and skill related fitness requirements in three different sports
The physical fitness and skill related fitness requirements in tennis Tennis is a fun fast paced challenging sport, which demands a high level of skill and ability to play. Tennis requires muscular endurance, flexibility, speed and aerobic endurance these are the physical fitness of tennis. The skill related side of tennis requires Balance, power, agility, Coordination and reaction time. These are the fundamental components of tennis but what do they mean? Physical fitness Muscular endurance is the ability to produce repetitive movements of a muscle or muscle group and not to get tired while doing so Paul beashel, 2006. Throughout a match in tennis you will hit hundreds of balls and they need to be as hard at the end of a match as well as the beginning. Tennis requires muscular endurance so that your body can quickly recover from prolonged points and be ready to perform again and again, with minimal rest in between. The aim is to hit the final shots of the match as effectively as the first ones. Muscular endurance can be enhanced through training. Flexibility is the ability to perform a joint action through a range of movement Paul beashel, 2006. Tennis sometimes requires you to place your body parts in extreme ranges of motion e.g. reaching for the ball and serving. Flexibility is important to tennis because of the quick starts and stops in tennis, reaching for
What affect does exercise have on our pulse?
Biology Coursework - What affect does exercise have on our pulse? Aim: To find out what affect exercise has on our pulse by doing either different types of exercise or the same exercise for different lengths of time. Prediction: I predict that the longer you exercise the higher your pulse will get to a certain point where it will become steady, creating a smooth curve on a graph. Equipment: * Stopwatch - to time when I exercise and when I take my pulse. * Area to exercise in / Treadmill - depending which is available. Method: For this test I will be jogging for a certain amount of time, taking my pulse for 15sec then jogging for the same time again without resting so the time builds up. This is how I will do my test: . Start the stopwatch and jog for 30sec. 2. Start the stopwatch and take pulse for 15sec. 3. Then repeat until I have jogged for 5min in total. 4. Multiply all my readings by 4 to get a bpm (beats per minute) pulse rate 5. Repeat 1-4 3 times and work out an average to get a fair result Fair test: To make sure that this experiment is conducted as fairly as possible I have come up with a number of things that need to be kept constant: * The jogging speed. * The temperature of the area where I jog. * The stopwatch used to time both the jogging times and the time to take my pulse. * Where I take my pulse (neck or wrist). The reason I need to keep
Name the two possibilities for pelvic position when laying supine and why you would use one over the other in two different exercises
Homework Mat Certification Course . Name the two possibilities for pelvic position when laying supine and why you would use one over the other in two different exercises. The two possibilities for pelvic positions are neutral and imprinted. In neutral pelvis the natural lordotic curve of the lumbar spine is present. Imprinted means a slight lumbar curve into flexion is present. During imprinted spine the normal curve lengthens toward flexion by engaging the oblique abdominals to help bring the rib cage closer to the pelvis. I would use neutral pelvic placement for the One Leg Circle, since the essence of the exercise is stability of the pelvis and torso in neutral while being challenged by unilateral leg movement. Imprinted spine would be recommended for the Hundred since both feet are lifted off of the ground. Imprinted spine would help to maintain flexion in the spine, you could use neutral spine when the client demonstrates enough strength to maintain it during the exercise. 2. Name the 5 basic principles of alignment that are incorporated into the work and briefly describe each. Breath: The goal of the breathing is to relax unnecessary tension in the body and to encourage the engagement of the transversus abdominis on the exhale while maintaining engagement during the inhale. During exhalation the rib cage closes in and down while the spine flexes slightly,
Investigating the speed of a spherical object on a slope.
Year 10 GCSE Practical Assessment Physics Plan Investigating the speed of a spherical object on a slope Variables The following is a list of variables that I could change in my experiment. I may vary: * Material of slope (e.g. the ramp could be wood, metal or plastic) * Friction of slope (e.g. the ramp could have water on it or ridges) * Colour of slope (e.g. the ramp could be blue, red or green) * Size of slope (e.g. the ramp may have a small width across or length from top to bottom) * Temperature of slope (e.g. the ramp could be at room temperature or at lower temperature) * Height of slope (e.g. the ramp could be at 70cm from a surface or 20cm) * Angle of slope (e.g. the ramp could be at 90 degrees or 40 degrees from a surface) * Length of measurement (e.g. the spherical objects speed could be measured over 1m or 0.5m) * Material of spherical object (e.g. the object could be marble, rubber, plastic, metal, leather, glass or wood) * Type of spherical object (e.g. the object could be a tennis ball, marble, ball bearing, squash ball, rubber ball, hollow plastic ball or golf ball) * Friction of spherical object (e.g. the object could have ridges on it like a golf ball) * Colour of spherical object (e.g. the object could be blue, green, red or white) * Size of spherical object (e.g. the object may have a small diameter or circumference) * Temperature of
Fatigue - affects on the body
Task 4 Fatigue The body uses food as energy as we have discussed in task 3 but when the body is low on what it needs it becomes fatigued. Often the thing the body is low on is oxygen, this is a major factor in fatigue. (Wilmore and Costill, 1988) described Fatigue as a general sensation of tiredness as well as a decrease in muscular performance. Muscular fatigue occurs in athletes after a tough training session. This description is very general and does not explain what causes fatigue. (Answers.com, 2005) believe fatigue is the decreased capacity or complete inability of an organism to function normally because off excessive stimulation. This description is better then the first as it states that excessive stimulation, even lack of sleep, will cause the body to fatigue. It is the body's way of saying it needs rest. (Gandevia et al., 1995; Hagberg, 1981; Hawley et al., 1997) describes fatigue as the inability to continue functioning at the level of one's normal abilities. This is also very general but it is clear in what it describes. performance may decrease for a number of reasons:(can performance improve) * accumulation of waste products lactic acid * depletion of energy stores glycogen * changes in physio chemical state of the muscle electrolytes * disturbances in the processes of muscular co-ordinbation-CNS Neuromuscular fatigue - neural fatigue and muscular
Coursework Investigation: Plan experiments to determine the effects of exercise on the pulse rate/heartbeat
Plan experiments to determine the effects of exercise on the pulse rate/heartbeat PLANNING I plan to carry out an experiment where I will test the affects of exercise on the pulse. To make sure that all the results are clear, I will ensure my experiments are simple yet effective. In order to get a general idea of the answer to the question, I am going to start by: * Testing someone with an average body frame and body-fitness. * Carrying out two experiments; (i) Measure the heart beat before, during and after one minute of slow jogging on the spot. (ii) Measure the heart beat before, during and after one minute of fast jogging on the spot. This will give me an idea as to how exercise affects the pulse rate as well as seeing if results change by different degrees of difficulty. I will keep all factors in the experiment the same apart from the varying types of exercise in each experiment. There will be minimal equipment needed to carry out the experiment: . A stopwatch 2. A stethoscope 3. A suitable table to record results in. Using my own scientific knowledge on the subject, I have made a couple of predictions. When the person starts the exercise, their pulse will not dramatically increase (initially), because this is anaerobic exercise, which is a type of exercise, which does not use up oxygen to fuel the exercise. Instead, the body uses the body's store of
Investigation Into The Effect Of Exercise On Pulse Rate
Investigation Into The Effect Of Exercise On Pulse Rate Aim Investigate the change in pulse rate after different durations of exercise. Fair Testing (variables) Independent variable: Duration of exercise Dependent variable: Change in pulse rate Controlled variables: -Type of exercise -Fitness of subject -Sex of subject -Mass of subject -Rate of exercise Predictions And Theory I think has the duration of exercise (independent variable) increases, the pulse rate (dependent variable) of the subject will increase considerably from the resting pulse rate. I think this because the body will need to deliver oxygen and glucose contained in the oxygenated blood more quickly. Apparatus * Stopwatch * Bench Method (Main Test) * Draw out a table to put your results in, it should have duration of exercise going down vertically and the measurement number and average going across the top horizontally, like this one: Pulse Rate (bpm) Duration (minutes) 2 3 Average 0 2 3 4 * Take resting pulse rate. * Start stop watch and step up and step down onto the bench for 1 minute. Count each step up (not down) has '1' * After 1 minute of exercise stop and take the pulse rate and fill it in on the table. * Start the stop watch again and exercise for another 1 minute and take pulse rate. * Continue doing this until first column is filled and take a 5 minute break. * Do
Find out if exercise has an affect on our pulse rate.
Hypothesis I think that during exercise our pulse rate will increase and we will begin to breath faster and deeper. When we exercise we need energy and the more we respire the more oxygen the cells get. This makes us breathe faster and when we start breathing faster our pulse rate increases. After exercise it takes time to return our pulse rate back to normal because of Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration is the releasing of energy from the breaking of glucose by combing it with oxygen inside the cells. Energy The equation for this is Glucose +Oxygen=Carbon Dioxide+Water Anaerobic respiration is the release of a little energy very quickly inside the living cells from the incomplete breaking of glucose in the absence of oxygen. Energy The equation for this is Glucose=Lactic Acid+Carbon dioxide This occurs when the muscles are working hard (during exercise) and so the lungs and bloodstream cannot deliver enough oxygen, to respire the available glucose. Therefore the glucose can be only broken down bit by bit, which releases a small amount of energy and produces lactic acid as a waste product and this can only operate a short time. The producing of lactic acid during vigorous exercise can cause a cramp (this is a signal to slow down, a cramp (muscle fatigue) occurs when too much lactic acid collects in the muscles And this causes
Investigating the Short-Term Effects of Exercise on the Body.
INVESTIGATING THE SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON THE BODY Experiment Aim: To investigate the short-term effects of exercise on the body, by measuring and comparing the recovery rates after different intensities of exercise on the same person. Background Knowledge: When you begin your exercise your body responds to the orders of your brain to move your muscles in a more vigorous way. As soon as these movements begin, a number of rapid automatic changes also occur throughout your body. Firstly, the muscles immediately start to burn more energy to fuel their contractions. They do this by converting stored ATP chemicals (adenosine triphosphate) to the usable ADP energy (adenosine diphosphate) inside each individual muscle cell. (RESOURCE 1) During sustained, aerobic activity, like a brisk walk or steady running, your working muscles might use 15 to 25 times more energy than they do at rest, using much more oxygen that is inhaled. During an intense short anaerobic effort, such as a 100-metre sprint your muscles may require up to 120 times more energy than at rest, but this produces lactic acid as a by-product of anaerobic respiration - to be broken down by inhaled oxygen after the exercise is completed. Consequently, the heart immediately begins to beat faster in order to pump more oxygenated blood around the body to be diffused through blood capillary walls and tissue