What is Kymlicka's stand on the relationship between liberal egalitarianism and the welfare state?

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Alex O’Cinneide        23rd Nov 2003        PH415

What is Kymlicka's stand on the relationship between liberal egalitarianism and the welfare state?

In the pages under review Kymlicka’s describes the recent movements in liberal egalitarianism, driven mainly through the work of Rawls and Dworkin, and discusses those movements in relation to the idea and practice of a welfare state. He then uses this description to discuss the issues that the interaction causes within egalitarianism and the idea that this interaction has caused a weakening of the egalitarian position in the broader debate with the politics of the right. Kymlicka’s major position is that we cannot get rid of inequalities through the traditional tax and redistribute policies of a welfare state due to the entrenched class inequalities in our society.

How then is this position reached?  The perception of the academic basis of the welfare state has changed dramatically with the work of Rawls and Dworkin, previous to their work the welfare state was viewed as a compromise between the Libertarians and the Marxists. This compromise allowed some liberty (creation and gathering of wealth) and some equality (redistribution of wealth) but without any real satisfaction for either side of the debate.  With the new work we seem to have an ability to say that the free market allows liberty and choice to take place but must do so without letting inequalities arise due to events and circumstances outside of personal control.  Kymlicka argues that though at first it seemed that this latter point has presented us with a way in which to build the academic foundation of the welfare state it is not clear that it reality it will deliver that foundation.

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Kymlicka argues that as the welfare state is concerned with equality through a correction of existing market inequalities and in its present form cannot allow individuals to start life from an equal footing, liberal equality cannot deliver proper ongoing income redistribution without a once off radical reordering of society. In other words liberty equality in society cannot be generated through the mechanism of the welfare state. This issue of ex post versus ex ante redistribution is defined by Kymlicka as the defining problem for the liberal equalitarian thinker (as well as for the various centre left governments in power ...

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