The Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuban Missile Crisis Project The Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation between the USA the USSR and Cuba, because Fidel Castro, the Cuban dictator, was allowing Soviet missiles into Cuba, hugely increasing their strategic potential against the USA. It was in the early 1960's and is arguably the closest the world has ever come to nuclear war. It was the major confrontation between the two countries in the Cold War, which dominated the middle of the 20th Century. In 1959, Communist Fidel Castro overthrew the American-backed dictator Batista. This brought an end to the long standing alliance between the USA and Cuba. As Cuba was now a communist state they immediately became allies with others around the globe, most notably the USSR. This expansion of Communism scared the USA as it went against what their Constitution stood for: freedom. Since 1960 the Soviet shad been supplying Castro with arms, and American intelligence knew about this. This pushed the relationship between the countries downhill, until in January 1961, the USA broke of all diplomatic relations with Cuba. In April 1961 President John F. Kennedy supplied a group of anti-Castro exiles with arms in order to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro. The 14,000 exiles landed at the Bay of Pigs and where annihilated by 20,000 Cuban troops with more modern weapons. The invasion failed miserably and in the Communists
Assess to what extent does social policy reflect on the traditional nuclear family
Assess to which extent social policies reflect and support the traditional nuclear family Social policy is the package of measures taken to solve a social problem. I intend to assess the New Right and New Left, the taxation law, the Child Support Agency, the fact that the government encourages families to look after themselves, and that 16- 18 year olds don't get job seekers allowance. The New Right is traditional. It supports the nuclear family and is for being economically independent, not relying on the state. The New Right is associated with the right-wing Conservative policies of the Thatcher government in Britain and that of Reagen in the USA. Key New Right beliefs about the family- Rapoport (1989): * Based on heterosexual marriage between 2 parents. * The 'building block' of society. * Essential to social stability. * Separate roles performed by men and women according to their biology. * Two parents and strong discipline needed in families, to prevent the clash of social order. * All other arrangements are 'deviant' and therefore threat society. * Strong views on morality and responsibility- stress law and order, plus personal freedom and responsibility. * Concerned about supposed current disintegration of family life resulting for increased cohabitation, single-parent family, abortion, etc. * Concerned with welfare dependency, 'scroungers' and the rise of
Examine the ways that the author of ‘Crackling day’ explores the themes of fear, power and courage. What messages is the author trying to communicate to the reader through the characters’ attitudes?
Examine the ways that the author of 'Crackling day' explores the themes of fear, power and courage. What messages is the author trying to communicate to the reader through the characters' attitudes? Crackling day is set in Africa, during the times of apartheid. Apartheid was a system introduced in 1948 to segregate the Black people from the Whites. Under this system, whites, blacks and coloureds were educated, and lived, separately. Apartheid is evident in Crackling Day in many places such as the trained dog and the young white boys randomly verbally abusing Lee and Andries. "The young white man that served us did it in leisurely fashion" As well as apartheid in 'Crackling Day', there are also tough living conditions evident for all the black people. They have to walk to get their daily meat every Wednesday in very cold weather and with little food. Aunt Liza works hard every day, her "Swollen hands" show this and all of the black people have hardly any clothes, if they do they have lots of very thin layers of shirts. "The slits of the many thin cotton dresses she wore" As a result of these facts, all the characters feel fear and need to show courage on a daily basis. Some examples of the difficult conditions which individual characters face are that Lee and Andries face the cold on their way to buy the crackling. "Were helpless victims of the bitter cold"
United States vs. Soviet Union: 1980's
Caleb Radomile Modern America Pd. 7 Mr. Grodz May, 10th 2010 United States-Soviet Union Relations (80's and 90's) The Cold War has clouded the relationship between the United States and Soviet Union pretty much since the creation of the Soviet Union. During the 1980's, relations were shaky at first, but soon they improved until the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Great successes for the U.S. in the combating of Communism during this time paved the way for the U.S. to become the lone superpower in our world today. After World War II, two major superpowers emerged from the ashes of war, the United States of America and the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics (USSR), or the Soviet Union. These two countries fought one another indirectly, and this became known as the Cold War, as there was no direct confrontation between the two. They went through numerous conflicts and competitions such as the arms race, the U-2 incident, and the Cuban Missile Crisis. The leader for the sixteen years beforehand into 1980 was a man by the name of Leonid Brezhnev. His doctrine for combating Western Influence was, "When forces that are hostile to socialism try to turn the development of some socialist country towards capitalism, it becomes not only a problem of the country concerned, but a common problem and concern of all socialist countries." Now in the 1980's, the Soviet War in
Suez Crisis
3. Study Sources D, E and F. Did public opinion in Britain support Eden's decision to take 'military action against Egypt'? Explain your answer using the sources and your own knowledge. From studying Sources D, E and F we can infer that there was a mixed reaction towards Eden's decision to take 'military action against Egypt' because people felt differently concerning the situation in Egypt. There were people in favour of military action and people against it, but as the conflict continued the ratio of people supporting Eden's decision to take 'military action against Egypt' shifted to oppose the conflict. Source D is supportive of Eden's decision to take 'military action against Egypt' because it is an extract from the Daily Mirror newspaper attempting to gain support for Eden through the usage of the argument of history, in which he compares Nasser to Hitler. Also the newspaper extract uses demagoguery by means of call Nasser's means of gain power 'crude and dangerous' in order to create fear and hysteria towards Nasser. From my own knowledge I know that people supported Eden's decision because he was a leader who greatly enjoyed popularity and public opinion of him was based on Eden's appeal. Eden appeared confident of his decision to fight against Nasser because he had been previously right about Hitler, based on this people supported him. Eden used to the argument of
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury - Foreign Affairs and "Splendid Isolation"
Salisbury 1886 - 1902 Salisbury was much more interested in foreign than in domestic affairs. The phrase "splendid isolation" has sometimes been used to describe his policy. However, on closer examination of his policy one can see that this term does not show that he followed a path of isolationism, of cutting him and Britain off from the affairs of the world outside. He was Prime Minister, as well as Foreign Secretary. Mediterranean Agreement 1887 within a year of taking office Salisbury had negotiated this agreement with Italy, pledging British support in a war with France, and supporting Italy and Austria in the event of a conflict with Russia in the Balkans. The Balkans Salisbury played a major role in berlin in 1878. However, he was wise enough to see that Turkey was incapable of reform, that the nationalist tide could not be held back. "Britain has backed the wrong horse". In 1885 he agreed to the reunion of Rumelia with the Kingdom of Bulgaria and in 1895 he tried, but failed, to get the european powers to act together against Turkey after the outrageous Armenian massacres. China Britain had excercised a great deal of influence in the Chinese trade and in the internal affairs of China. But by the end of the century this dominance was being challenged, particularly by Russia, who were eager to expand eastwards if they were not allowed to expand into the Balkans.
Why was there a crisis over Cuba in 1962?
Super Power Rivalry A) Why was there a crisis over Cuba in 1962? There were a few main reasons why there was a crisis over Cuba in 1962. After the Second World War and the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945, there was growing competition between America and Russia while Stalin was in power. In 1945, during the Cold War, communism was at its height as Stalin had taken over Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Czechoslovakia in his plan to spread communism throughout Eastern Europe. America, determined to put a halt to the ongoing spread of communism, used the Truman Doctrine and Marshall plan to gain interest away from Russian dominancy. Throughout 1946, relations between the USA and the Soviet Union were rapidly deteriorating. America was deeply concerned by the supposed "Domino Theory" and felt they had to put a stop to this outrage. But still the Soviet Union strongly believed that communism was the way forward and that Capitalism was not the way to control a country. They were prepared to do anything to contain the spread of communism that was threatening the whole of Europe. The Berlin airlift was another important event that made it clear that America was doing everything possible to prevent the Soviets infecting their communist plague into the west, which the Berlin Blockade by the Soviets strongly suggested. Not forgetting the Korean War, which gave America even
Why did the relations between superpowers worsen between 1945-1949?
Why did relations between the superpowers worsen between 1945 to 1949? The two superpowers, the USA and the USSR, had been united by a common enemy and so they had put aside their differences. They had fought Nazi Germany as allies and the US president Roosevelt and Stalin, the party leader and dictator of the Soviet Union, had got on well. However, as victory grew closer in 1945, old suspicions began to resurface between the two powers. The US President Roosevelt, who had built up a good relationship with Stalin, died in 1945. He was replaced by Truman who was strongly anti-Communist, therefore highly unlikely to get on with Stalin and, as the war came to an end, the relationship between America and Russia fell apart. The death of president Roosevelt was not the only cause of trouble and tension between the USA and the USSR. The wartime alliance between the Soviet Union and America was also wrecked by the huge differences in their political and economic systems, which they had previously put aside. America and Western Europe were capitalist, had freedom and a two-party democracy. Russia was communist, had secret police and a one-party state. The West feared the spread of Communism throughout the world. The Soviets believed the West wanted to destroy communism. The West wanted reconstruction - to make Germany a prosperous democracy and a trading partner, whereas Russia
The USSR and Cuba.
The USSR and Cuba Cuba is a large island located approximately 100 miles from Florida in the south part of America. America owned the vast majority of businesses on the island and had constructed a huge naval base on it. However, after a three-year guerilla campaign, Fidel Castro was successful in overthrowing Batista, the dictator backed by America. Consequently, relations between the two countries grew hostile for the next two years, but direct confrontation was avoided. Castro assured Americans in Cuba of their safety, saying here merely wished to run Cuba without interference. By the summer of 1960, he had started to receive arms from the Soviet Union, a fact which American intelligence was fully aware of. American broke off diplomatic relations with Cuba in January 1961, thereby triggering alarm of an invasion. Although America did not invade Cuba directly, its actions made it clear to Cuba that they would not tolerate a Russian outpost in the heart of their own democratic sphere of influence. In April 1961, Kennedy provided supplies for some anti-Castro exiles to invade Cuba and overthrow him. The invasion at the Bay of Pigs failed catastrophically, suggesting to the scornful Cuba and USSR that America was not willing to get directly involved with the situation in Cuba. After Kennedy's attempted invasion, the USSR flooded Cuba with arms, informing the world of this
The origins of the Cold War: Question 1: Identify and explain why the members of the wartime Grand Alliance began to have serious differences in 1945?
The origins of the Cold War: Question 1: Identify and explain why the members of the wartime Grand Alliance began to have serious differences in 1945? The members of the wartime Grand Alliance had serious differences in 1945 for a variety of reasons. To begin with, the ideological differences between the Western allies and the Soviet Union were great and it is important to note that the single factor that brought these conflicting political ideas together, would be the Nazi regime of Hitler. There are several other factors that caused tension between the wartime allies especially the opening of a second front, distrust between the West and the communists, the soviet claim of a buffer zone and the use of atomic power. At a lesser scale, the American government had differences with the British over their imperialist policies which went against Wilson's fourteen points which highlighted democracy and freedom for all. From the very birth of the communist regime in Russia, the West had sent troops to help the 'White Russians' and monarchists defeat the Communists who had seized power recently. The Communists had reason to be weary of these capitalist governments who threatened the existence of their ideology. The West had always been weary of the influence of communism spreading into their domains due to the communist belief in revolution. The West had further reason to distrust