Was the New Deal a success? (Source based questions)
Luka Nikolic WAS THE NEW DEAL A SUCCESS? Roosevelt was supported by the masses in the 1932 election for a number of reasons. Arguably the main factor was the failure of Hoover and the Republican Party. Hoover was seen as a “do nothing” President and had lost almost all support from the Americans. Hoover failed to accept that there was a major economic problem after the Wall Street Crash: he insisted that “prosperity was just around the corner”. Roosevelt realised that the American people wanted “action, and action now” so that was what he offered. In Source A Roosevelt mentions a “New Deal”, this shows the citizens that change is on its way. For the people of America, a different leader and a different party was their best hope. Roosevelt’s main objective was to restore confidence after the Depression. This was not to be a gradual process, but an immediate, drastic change in the way the country was run. Roosevelt did this by making a “pledge” to the American people that a new start was coming. By promoting the New Deal so enthusiastically, the people gained confidence not only in the new scheme to deal with the Depression, but in Roosevelt himself. Roosevelt represented the ordinary American throughout his political career; in Source A he identifies his audience, “the American people”, showing his honesty and relatability. Lines like “Give me your
The USA and The New Deal
st January 2003 James Roberts The USA and The New Deal Question A Accepting the Democratic nomination for President in 1932, Franklin Delano Roosevelt promised the American people a "new deal." In his inaugural address on March 4, 1933, he declared: "This nation asks for action and action now." With the famous phrase, "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself," he promised to exercise "broad executive power to wage war against the Depression." What followed was a dizzying array of initiatives. Roosevelt immediately gathered a "Brain Trust" of economic advisors and instructed his staff to "take a method and try it. If it fails, try another. But above all try something." In his first hundred days in office, Roosevelt called Congress into emergency session and launched a record fifteen major pieces of legislation. Between 1933 and 1938 the administration and Congress created dozens of federal programs collectively known as the New Deal, and often referred to as the "Alphabet Agencies." The Three R's: Relief, Recovery, Reform briefly stated, the New Deal sought relief for the needy, economic recovery, and reform of American capitalism. The three-R objectives often overlapped and sometimes conflicted with one another. (For example, the Agricultural Adjustment Act was primarily a relief measure for farmers, but it also aided recovery, and it had the unintended
How successful was the new deal? Explain why Roosevelt Introduced the New Deal?
How successful was the new deal? Explain why Roosevelt Introduced the New Deal? After the Wall Street crash of 1929 America was left at the mercy of an economic depression. At first, it wasn't clear how big the impact of the crash would be. Large speculators were ruined in the short term. The rich lost vast amounts of money and were hit the hardest as they had invested the most. There was an immediate down turn in spending, as the main buyers of American goods could no longer afford to spend their money. Many speculators had borrowed money so that they could buy shares, which were now worthless. In 1929, 659 banks went bankrupt. As the banks began to fail people withdrew their trust in the banks along with their savings from them. In 1930 another 1352 banks went bankrupt. To add to the USA's already quickly escalating problems 1931 saw problems in European banks, which had a knock on effect in the USA. People began to feel that currency was the only security. 1931 also saw another 2294 banks go bankrupt. As all this was taking place President Hoover did very little to help his country as he believed in Laissez-faire (leave well alone). Along with this Hoover reassured the country that prosperity was 'just around the corner'. As Hoover was talking optimistically on the return of prosperity, Americans were becoming a lot less reluctant to part with their hard earned money in
To what extent did America
To what extent did America "roar" for all Americans in the 1920's? In the first three decades of the twentieth century America became the richest and most powerful country in the world. America had so much money it could lend money to Europe after World War One. The average wage for an American was five times more than the average workers wage in Europe. America's wealth, population and industry boomed. The 1920's are often known as the roaring twenties in this essay I will find out if this is true. The boom in America had a lot to thank for mass production. Many products were being mass produced quickly and cheaply thanks to the production line which Henry ford started at the start of the 20's this created a massive boom in the economy because not only could cars be produced quickly and cheaply so that more people could afford them, other companies copied the production line idea as well. Henry Ford created the 'model T' car in 1909 (which was only produced slowly until the production line) it was nicknamed the 'Tin lizzie' because it was slow, ugly and difficult to drive but this didn't stop it from becoming Americas favourite and best selling car ever between 1909 and 1928. The big attraction of the model t was its price. The price of the car kept dropping, the price dropped from $1200 in 1909 to $295. Ford was able to do this by cutting the cost of production. As the
To What extent was Prohibtion doomed to fail from its inception?
To What Extent Was Prohibition Doomed to Fail From its Inception? By the 16th January 1920 the policy of National Prohibition, which banned the production, export, import, transportation and sale of alcohol came into effect and applied to all parts of the USA, with only Rhode Island, New Jersey and Connecticut rejecting it. "Prohibition began as a temporary wartime measure to protect the morals of soldiers and to save grain. The Selective Service Act forbade the sale of liquor to men in uniform and in August 1917, the Lever Food and Fuel Control Act forbade the use of foodstuffs to distill liquor. Prohibition was destined, however, to become a permanent way of life."1 Prohibition as it became known, was first introduced, however, as part of the 18th Amendment to the constitution, in December 1917. This gave state governments the power to choose to introduce prohibition within their state; prohibition gradually became popular across the USA and by this time 26 states were dry and more than half of the population lived in an area of effective prohibition. The 18th Amendment was followed up by the Volstead Act of 1919 which classified all drinks containing 0.5% alcohol as liquor and appointed penalties to be given in cases of someone breaking the prohibition laws. By the time of the Volstead Act three quarters of the states of the US had accepted prohibition. The first
Why was prohibition introduced
Gawain Williams History Coursework .WHY WAS PROHIBITION INTRODUCED? Prohibition was introduced in America because of many reasons; Many Americans especially women and many religious groups, (e.g. Puritans, who prided themselves on being "simple and clean living folk") saw alcohol as a threat to society, Women believed they were oppressed through alcohol because their husbands (the wage earners) were spending housekeeping money on drink and coming home drunk and were more likely to act violently towards their wives and children. Women felt especially helpless because in the 1890's men and women had very traditional roles, Men went out to work and women stayed home and looked after the house and children which meant if men wasted their wages on drink the family would suffer. These circumstances led to the formation of The Women's Christian Temperance Movement (founded in 1893) which claimed "That alcohol was the work of the Devil". Another group (made up of both men and women) formed the Anti -Saloon League (ASL) .The Anti Saloon League was founded in 1893 and argued that "Alcohol made workers less efficient and led to absenteeism" which is why Henry Ford (owner of Ford cars) and Frank D. Rockefeller (owner of Esso oil) (who both employed thousands or men) each invested large sums of
Source Analysis OCR: Was the New Deal a Success?
Source Analysis Was the New Deal a success? ) Source A is from a speech by Roosevelt during his election campaign in 1932. Roosevelt is not yet president so is on his campaign to gain votes. This speech has one purpose and one purpose only, and that is to secure the votes of the American people for Franklin Roosevelt. This speech is a form of propaganda for FDR's campaign, as it is very persuasive and highly emotive. He uses an extended metaphor, as he compares the depression to a war showing the depression as his and the American peoples enemy. He creates lots of war imagery by saying 'call to arms' and 'destruction'. He uses this metaphor and imagery to call upon the American people's spirit and patriotism, to come to the aid of their country, in order to wage war, successfully, on the depression. Roosevelt is trying to get the American people to believe that he is the only one who can get them through the depression, and ward off this danger. The use of alliteration, 'destruction, delay, deceit and despair' gives the speech a poetic feel. Delay being a criticism of Hoover's government, who planned to sit back and wait. Deceit, also another criticism of Hoover, and aimed at big businesses and stock brokers for lying. Despair, showing how the majority of Americans were caught in a state of despair because of the depression because of the lack of help from Hoover's
1920's America enjoyed such a prosperity that it became known as 'an age of excess.'
Bridie Mc Kie 1920's America enjoyed such a prosperity that it became known as 'an age of excess.' Its GNP grew from $74 billion in 1921 to $104.4 billion. The boom was propelled by several factors working together, culminating in the aforementioned prosperity. The American economy was one of few to have benefited economically from World War One, strengthened having monopolized on the demand for arms and goods unable to be produced by countries at war. The Republican government of the time, and the three presidents of the time, Harding, Coolidge and Hoover were all Republicans who supported investment and business. The Republicans believed in less interference from the state, with little or no government regulation in business or a welfare system. They introduced 'protectionism' - lower tax rates and raised tariffs on foreign goods so that they would be unable to succeed in competition with American business. In the twenties jobs, profits, wages and the standard of living saw a substantial increase. These elements developed a cycle of cause and effect and supply and demand. Production growth created more jobs, and because more people had money to spare, they bought the newly produced goods. The surge in need for production meant that more jobs and profits were created. And so they saw the start of mass production and consumerism. For the first time modern technology and
The New Deal was set up by Franklin D. Roosevelt, a Democrat.
a) The New Deal was set up by Franklin D. Roosevelt, a Democrat. There was two New Deals, both combating the problems faced by Depression. Roosevelt devised schemes to bring America back to its prosperity. He stated, "I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people." Roosevelt's main aims were getting Americans back to work, protecting their savings and poverty, providing relief for the sick, old and unemployed and getting American industry and agriculture back on its feet. These would all be done thorough the main features that were set up-the Alphabet Agencies. The first of Roosevelt's schemes was the 'Hundred days´. The 'Hundred Days´ was a relief program in which Roosevelt passed 15 laws which tackled some of America's biggest problems, all within Hundred days. First of all, Roosevelt introduced the Emergency Banking Act (EBA). The EBA was designed to end the banking crisis in America. All banks were closed for ten days and only those approved by the federal government were allowed to reopen. Roosevelt used the radio to talk directly to the citizens of America. On the radio Roosevelt explained his policies through a series of 'fireside´ chats. He explained that he was doing something to help America and that he would need their cooperation. The public was obviously convinced that Roosevelt was on their side because when the banks reopened, many
Did America in the 1920's "Roar" for everyone?
Did America in the 1920's "Roar" for everyone? In the first three decades of the 20th century, America became the richest and most powerful country in the world. Its population, wealth and industry were growing fast. It had plenty of natural resources (oil, coal, iron ore etc.) The average American worker earned 5 xs more than in Europe. Many Americans owned their own cars. America was so rich it could lend money to Europe. At the end of World War I, America turned its back on Europe. It didn't join the League of Nations in 1922. Also in 1922 the McCumber tariff was introduced, this put heavy taxes on cheap foreign imports. This made goods from other countries look very expensive to buy in America, so Americans bought American made goods, and American companies made big profits. However foreign countries retaliated by putting high taxes on American goods being sold in their countries. By the late 1920's this was a big problem for America and Europe. Isolationism roared for American companies as they made huge profits but the American people lost out too because Europe couldn't export goods to America which is a very big country. So the tariff helped industry roar for most of the 1920's because Americans only bought American made goods which meant that American companies made huge profits. However by the late 1920's American companies were finding it hard to sell their goods