Case Study on Swazi culture
Case Study on Swazi culture INTRODUCTION & HISTORY The Swazi are part of the millions of Bantu-speaking peoples of Africa who migrated at different times from farther north and eventually arrived to the south-eastern region. They brought cattle and seed for cultivation, and handmade products of iron, wood, skin and clay. There occurred physical mingling and cultural diffusion and borrowing. In their process of historical growth, the Swazi developed their own political system, a dual monarchy that, though unique, fits into the general category of centralized chiefdoms. At the head there is a hereditary king Nwenyama (Lion) of the Dlamini clan, and a queen mother Ndlovukazi (Lady Elephant). Swaziland is a country of 11.200 m2 at the south east of the continent, limiting with South Africa, Mozambique, and Ethiopia. It is of great importance to this society the abundant supply of water. People do not consider droughts or floods as acts of God or nature, but as signs of royal displeasure. The Swazi had no script by which they could transmit their past to paper, and their approach to time was episodic rather than chronological. They remembered floods, wars, and famines and the major time unit was a reign. Swazi historians are generally old men interested in the past and their versions of history frequently contradict each other. They recall the name of some twenty-five kings,
Writing about Diverse Culture
Diverse Culture Edmund Burke said, 'For evil to triumph it is only necessary for good men to do nothing'. There have been, and there are, people who speak up for their rights or the rights of others that are exploited. Martin Luther King, Robert Lowell and Benjamin Zephaniah are just a few of these people. It is often the case that the exploited accept their abuse and do not, or are unable to, try and oppose the oppressors. It is important not to confuse a clash in cultures with racism. It is in mans instincts to live with groups or in small communities. We often share our lives with people with similar interests, cultures or race. This is why many people of similar religions or races, particularly if in the minority cut themselves off from other cultures. This segregation in society is the fundamental situation upon which racism is based. On 26th October 2003 The Times printed an article called ' Don't call it racism, call it a clash of cultures'. Many times when people make allegations of racism it is a 'clash of cultures'. The problem starts when a 'feud' develops because of a difference in beliefs. In the current pop song 'Where is the love?' sung by the Black Eyed Peas the lyrics state: 'But if you only have love for your own race, Then you only leave space to discriminate, And to discriminate only generates hate, And when you hate then you're bound to get
What were the causes of the Black Riots in the 1960s?
RACISM IN AMERICA What were the causes of the Black Riots in the 1960s? Throughout the 1960s many riots involving black people and other minority groups took place in the Eastern States of America. The 1965 riots in Watt County were one such example and demonstrated the horrific inequalities still present in America one year after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 had been introduced. The riots lasted for six days, leaving 34 people dead, over a thousand injured, nearly 4,000 arrested and hundreds of buildings destroyed. There were many factors that played a part in causing the riots such as a failing education system, damaged relations between the police force and minority groups (especially black African Americans) and poor medical care. High unemployment within these groups and an unwillingness for change amongst the majority of state governments also contributed to the problems seen in 1965. Poor housing was a major problem at the time for African Americans. It was almost impossible for these people to get loans, due both to prejudice and the fact most black people had very low-income jobs. Banks were understandably reluctant to hand out money to high risk borrowers such as these. This lead to a great deal of discontent within the community and the lack of money also meant that any accommodation they could afford was of a very poor standard. As a result many lived in damp,
Martin Luther King.
Chapter II Martin Luther King In 1940s, the Civil Rights Movement appeared as a challenge to end up racial discrimination and segregation as a system that tended to separate blacks from all aspects of life. Though granted their freedom, blacks were still treated as some subordinate species to the white race: they were denied the chance to be promoted in their jobs and most of them suffered from a low income compared with white workers. Blacks had to live in separate neighborhoods under appalling conditions and were "confined to the central city and notably dirty and unpaved slums".1 Martin Luther King (1929-1968) was born in Atlanta Georgia to grow up and become one of the greatest heroes of American history. As a boy, Martin was always taught to respect people and to settle disagreements with love, not hate. Martin's best friend was a white boy whose mother did not allow him to play any longer with Martin who was so astonished and bewildered that he ran to his mother and asked for an explanation. His mother told him that this was because he was black. He became very upset and could not understand how the color of someone's skin could make all the difference. Martin's mother laid him in her lap and said" you must never feel that you are less than anybody else. You must always feel that you are somebody"2. From that time on, Martin never forgot what his mother had told him
Why did the desegregation of schools become a major problem in the USA in the 1950s?
Assignment 1: Model B: Civil Rights In The USA Why did the desegregation of schools become a major problem in the USA in the 1950s? Introduction Slavery came under attack after 1800 because of the three groups who opposed slavery. "The Abolitionists". Britain had abolished the slave trade in 1807, and, slavery in 1833. That same year, the American Anti- Slavery Society was formed and most of its members were white. Many people in the North of the United States wanted to put an end to slavery forever. "The Merchants" Slave plantations were not a cheap way of growing cotton. Slaves had to be housed and fed, which worked out to cost more than the ordinary workers. So after 1800, many of the merchants turned against slavery because it was simply pushing up the prices. "Black People" After 1800 many black people decided that it was about time they stood up for themselves and so decided that they should fight for freedom for themselves. In March 1861, Abraham Lincoln became President and he didn't allow slavery in any of the new states in the American West. The southern states decided to leave the USA. Lincoln went to war to stop them and this turned into a war to stop slavery (The American Civil War) .It was a war against the North and South of USA. In 1863, the US government said all slaves were free and in 1865 the southern states were defeated. Slavery was ended!
Civil Rights in America 50s & 60s
Civil Rights in America - Question 1 Why were better race relations still needed in the USA in the early 1960s? At the end of the 1940s, many black American's were returning from the Second World War, after fighting brave and hard for world peace and against discrimination for over ten years. Many of these men were presented medals for their sacrifices and actions during the war, however their return to America was far from a heroes welcome. They returned to a country ripe in long standing hatred and discrimination against them - a mass discrimination that was support even in the so-called 'Jim Crow Laws', which split nearly every public place into 'Whites' and 'Blacks' This segregation continued through the 40s and 50s before the rights of black people began to enter re-consideration in the United States, mainly thanks to the protests and campaigns of black-rights campaigners. Whilst the segregation laws were meant to provide equal opportunities for both racial divisions, this was far from the truth of the situation, as black American's were under-educated, offered little in the way of health care and were often beaten by their white counterparts. Some beatings ended up resulting in the death of a white person, and gangs often took the law into their own hands by killing black people, who were accused of committing even small crimes, before they had been offered the
South Africa and Apartheid: Have the effects of apartheid disappeared?
Ko Takatsuka South Africa and Apartheid: Have the effects of apartheid disappeared? Apartheid was a system of laws, which were designed to keep five million white minority rule over the twenty-seven million black majority. Apartheid means 'separateness' and caused segregation between the two races. Although discrimination against blacks in South Africa existed long before, Apartheid officially started in 1948 and ended in 1994 after many campaigners including famously Nelson Mandela and trade sanctions, where many foreign countries would not buy South African goods which in turn increased unemployment and inflation. Instead, the African National Congress (ANC) came into power. In this essay I will analyse the social, economic and political effects during and after apartheid in South Africa. During apartheid South Africa social effects included the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act in 1949, which banned marriages of whites to other races. The immorally Amendment Act in 1950 made all sexual relations between whites and non-whites illegal. The group Area Act in 1950 allocated separate areas to different races. This meant that non-white races where resettled by force. It worked out to 92.7% of the land being distributed to 1.5million whites and 7.3% of the land being distributed to 5.5 million blacks. The population Registration Act in 1950 meant that the entire population of
Choose any TWO stories you have read in Gullick's "Adventures and Encounters" and write about the cultural observations made by the authors. Do you think that they offer a fair and objective view of local custom and society? Discuss.
Choose any TWO stories you have read in Gullick's "Adventures and Encounters" and write about the cultural observations made by the authors. Do you think that they offer a fair and objective view of local custom and society? Discuss. Adventures and Encounters is a compilation of travel writings by a batch of people from diverse backgrounds. The works that are chosen by Gullick in this compilation are significant as they portray various cultural observations of the South-East Asians in the eyes of foreign European writers. It is because of this foreign background too, that the validity of the Europeans' stories are questioned, as to whether these writers have presented fair and objective views of local customs and societies which they had encountered. One of the narratives in this compilation is "A Rambling through Saigon", which was written by Isabella Bird, a prominent female travel writer. In this narrative, Bird narrates her experiences in Saigon, and writes about her observations and personal views of the situation there. Bird's narrative revolves mostly around the people, their homes, the harsh climate and the travelling condition in Saigon. In terms of the domestic sphere in Saigon, Bird gives detailed descriptions of the homes she saw or went into - ranging from a native village, Choquan, to a native town, Cholen, and at last to a permanent floating village. In her
In What Ways Were The Lives of Africans changed by the Policy of Apartheid in the 1950's & 1960's
MINIVER OLIVER 10.2 SOUTH AFRICA COURSE WORK: ESSAY 2 In What Ways Were The Lives of Africans changed by the Policy of Apartheid in the 1950's & 1960's In this thesis I will be explain the ways in which the lives of the black distorted. There lives were very good after the Second World War, they had everything going well for them, but it didn't last long. The foreword of Apartheid in the 1950's 1960's and 1970's destroyed this optimism. Their lives got worse and worse and they had lost charge of their lives. I will be explaining how their personal lives changed, how their movement was restricted, how their most valuable rights were taken away, how they had to live poorly and how they had lost their education as well and last of all I will be telling you which I think was the main reason for them to feel isolated. Black people's lives were changed by apartheid because of the laws passed. In 1949 The Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act law was made. It increased segregation. The government made this law because they didn't want blacks and whites to be in sexual relations or marriage relationships for they would have mixed raced children. This decision was made for them whether they liked it or not. They also wanted to get rid of blacks once and for all. You see if blacks and whites got married they would have coloured children and those children won't be pure white to
Civil rights
INTRODUCTION Civil rights are the freedoms and rights that a person may have as a member of a community, state, or nation. Civil rights include freedom of speech, of the press, and of religion. Among others are the right to own property, and to receive fair and equal treatment from government, other persons, and private groups. In democratic countries, civil rights are protected by law and custom. The constitutions of many democracies have bills of rights that describe basic liberties and rights. Courts of law decide whether a person's civil rights have been violated. The courts also determine the limits of civil rights, so that people do not use their freedoms in order to violate the rights of others. In many nondemocratic countries, the government claims to respect and guarantee civil rights. But in most of these countries, such claims differ greatly from the actual conditions. In some Communist countries, for example, the people are denied such basic rights as freedom of speech and of the press. Yet their constitutions guarantee these rights. Some people draw sharp distinctions between civil liberties and civil rights. They regard civil liberties as guarantees to a person against government interference. They think of civil rights as guarantees of equal treatment for all people. For example, civil liberties would include freedom from government
