Scope of works: The design and construction of a new building on LJMUs Byron Street Complex for the relocation of the School of Sports Science and the School of Psychology.This report aims to provide a cost bracket and outline group elemental cost
Task1 Tom Reilly Case Study Produced by: Christopher Jones on behalf of JR Construction Contents Introduction 2 Cost Bracket: 2 Outline Cost Plan 2 Elemental Group Cost Plan 2 Design Cost Management 2 Risks: 2 Residual Valuation 2 References: 2 Appendix 2 Introduction: This report aims to provide a cost bracket and outline group elemental cost plan for LJMU on the proposed Tom Reilly project. It also seeks to establish and quantify in cost the potential risks in the project and how to mitigate these risks. It will then seek to valuate the scheme and present returns based on cost findings. It will follow on by discussing the contract adopted and the implications of this choice. Contract Particulars: Scope of works: The design and construction of a new building on LJMU's Byron Street Complex for the relocation of the School of Sports Science and the School of Psychology. Key Parameters: Completion: Has to be complete and operational by the start of the academic year, 2009. Planned construction period of 68 weeks followed by 11 week relocation from Henry Cotton and fit out. Quality: The building is to house the prestigious School of Sports Science, a 5* research facility. The quality of the external envelope will need to reflect the regard LJMU places on this. Internally it will be functional however as it is a research facility there will certain material
Review of Literature On Performing Arts Facilities, Theatres and Concert Halls
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE The literary materials used in this research will present design strategies, design requirements and guidelines and also important and relevant ideas related to the project. These literary materials were related on the project proposal. Mainly focusing on the technology, sustainability and innovations proposed for the project, solutions, examples and ideas for these are presented. On Performing Arts Facilities, Theatres and Concert Halls: a. Foreign Literature Building type basics for performing arts facilities Written by: Hugh Hardy * Contains recent buildings as examples, technical information and design criteria for performing arts facilities. The book attempts to bridge the spaces and gap between theory and practice regarding theatre building. Buildings for the performing arts: A design and development guide Written by: Ian Appleton * Focuses on the involvement of the planning, initiation, and design of facilities for the performing arts. It includes information requirements and the stages in the development on designing such facility. The literary contains background information about prevailing issues on various building types, and also dealt with identifying roles of the client, consultants, the stages to be achieved, with considerations of building use. Theatre Technology Written by: George C. Izenour * The
The History of Concrete
THE HISTORY OF CONCRETE Concrete has been used in construction for over 2000 years. The Romans used it for their Roadways & Aqueducts. The Romans used a primitive mix for their Concrete. Mortar consisted of small gravel & coarse sand mixed together with hot lime and water. To reduce shrinkage horsehair was used, much like we use polypropylene fibres today. They even added animal's blood to created small air bubbles in the concrete, making the mix more durable. The Romans used concrete extensively; they built over 5000 miles of roads. This is more than the total length of interstate highways in America today. Ancient roman concrete has withstood the attack by the elements for over 2000 years. The basic construction techniques of the Romans must be better than those of modern practice as judged by comparing the products. Roman concrete consisted of just three parts: Hydrate Lime, pozzolan ash form nearby Volcano, and a few pieces of fist sized rock. If these parts were mixed together in the manner of modern concrete and placed in a structure, the result wouldn't pass the test of the ages. One of the most significant ancient buildings was built by the Romans this Building is called the Pantheon in Rome it is a brick faced building that has withstood the ravages of weathering in near perfect condition. The purpose for the building was to honour the gods, it is said to humble
The Incredible Works of John Lautner.
Amy Gregory Interior Design Self-Initiated Elective The Incredible Works of John Lautner. John Lautner is one of this century's most influential, contemporary, American architects. Practicing architecture for more than 55 years, designing unique and breath-taking houses in and around Los Angeles. Also being responsible for some restaurants. His works largely concentrated on the relationship of a building in the space surrounding it. Working with the landscape and the views from the building. He creates views that are so staggering, I could only imagine, makes you dizzy. He utilizes water and the surrounding landscapes in his overall designs. Lots of his works contain existing large stone rocks and great old trees as a part of the interior of his designs. He boldly experiments with new industrial processes and materials and considers concrete his most desirable material for his designs. Using concrete, he can create sensuous curves and dramatic straight lines needed for his magnificent spaces. John Lautner was born in 1911, and raised in Michigan, you can see in his works, that the woods and the deep blue water of Lake Superior were in his soul throughout his designing. His first taste of building a space was when he helped his father build a chalet-type retreat, which was designed by his mother and looked over the lake from a hillside that was high above it. His
The clerk of works
My presentation is on the clerk of works. On all building sites there is one person who fulfils a unique role in the building team. That person is not part of the contractors staff but is appointed by the owner of the building to see the work is carried out in accordance with the drawings and specification produced by the architect and the bills of quantities drawn up by the quantity surveyor. This person is the clerk of the works. A competent clerk of works must have three important qualities integrity, ability and vigilance. They should have an extensive knowledge of building and civil engineering operations and practices. The clerk of works must posses a degree of tact when dealing with people, the ability to negotiate rather than dominate, and a sharp eye for detail. Much of the experience comes from working on construction sites and is an advantage when discussing programmes and methods of construction with the contractor and site staff. Due to the rapid advance in technology it is difficult for anyone to supervise the complete works alone. So this has resulted in clerk of works specializing in various forms of construction. For example more clerks of works are being employed on heating and ventilation, plumbing and electrical installations. Others deal with site development, roads, sewers, bridges and motorways. With building work they often specialize in hotels,
Electronic strustures
Electronic structures Electronic structures are the structures of particles (elements), these structures show the amount of electrons in each shell. The electron structure of oxygen is 2,6 this means that there is the maximum amount of electrons in the first shell and the second shell has only six electrons. Oxygen is situated in the non-metal section of the periodic table, this is on the right hand side. Oxygen is actually in group 6 period 2. The chemical property of oxygen is This particle is shown in the diagram below. The electron structure for aluminium is also different, this structure 2,8,3 this means that there is the maximum amount in the fist two shells and then in the first shell there is three electrons in it outer shell this makes the particle very reactive. Aluminium is situated in the poor metal part of the table, this is this is also on the right hand side. It is in group 3 period 3. The particle is shown below in the diagram. The electron structure for argon is 2,8,8 this means that all the shells are full so it is a strong particle however it is not as strong as helium this is because the more shells the nuclei has more difficulty keeping them. Argon is situated in the noble gasses which is on the far right hand side, it is from within group 0 period 3. The structure of the atom is shown below in the diagram. The electron structure for calcium is
Shiloh The short story Shiloh by Bobby Ann Mason portrays a marriage in trouble.
Shiloh The short story Shiloh by Bobby Ann Mason portrays a marriage in trouble. The couple cannot seem to find any common ground and seem incapable of communicating their true feelings. Instead, they take up a variety of interests and amusements, but these are just distractions they use to escape from taking any meaningful action. As Norma Jean's mother Mabel says, they are "...just waiting for time to pass." Norma Jean uses her diversions to distract her from the frustration she feels about having Leroy at home all the time. Whenever Leroy says something that irritates her rather than communicating with him she exercises fanatically or dives into some other distraction. One example of this occurs in the kitchen where she is doing leg exercises with ankle weights. When Leroy pushes the idea of building a log cabin, she shifts from stationary exercises to goose-stepping around the kitchen. Later when he presses her on the subject again, she shuts him out by playing "Who'll be the Next in Line" on the organ. She takes a night school course in composition and when Leroy asks her why she tells him" It's something to do." Leroy is at a crossroads in his life and distracts himself from making a decision by building craft projects, one of, which gives him the idea to build a log cabin house. He becomes fixated on the project and begins to use it as a crutch. Anytime Norma Jean or
In ch.2 of Window Shopping: Cinema and the Postmodern (U of California P, 1993), Anne Friedberg discusses the relationship between the city, modernism, film and architecture.
In ch.2 of Window Shopping: Cinema and the Postmodern (U of California P, 1993), Anne Friedberg discusses the relationship between the city, modernism, film and architecture. How do her ideas of modernity, particularly her terms 'machines of vision' and 'machines of mobility', relate to 1 or 2 sequences in Tati's Mon Oncle (1958)? Anne Friedberg's ideas of modernity - including the mobilization of the gaze amidst the modern city, consumerist self-gratification through fetishist agoraphilicism, and the dissolution of distinct psychological boundaries and functions separating public and private spaces, specifically encapsulated in the terms 'machines of vision' and 'machines of mobility' - can be inexorably applied to sequences in Jacque Tati's Mon Oncle, and their interconnectibility can be realized as the epitome of this social machination is observed during the 20 minute sequence of the 'garden party' [54:28-75:00] at the Arpel residence. This leaves us ultimately with the melancholic realization that these 'machines of vision' and 'machines of mobility' which have manifested through the advent of modernization have irrevocably triggered the replacement of the impartial, non-materialistic genuinity of the traditional with the pretentious, consumerist superficiality of the modern. The 'garden party' sequence begins with a visitor to the Arpel household, as the greengrocer's
Changes in European Architecture
Frank Lin February 1, 2004 Changes in European Architecture European architecture has changed greatly from the Renaissance Period of 1450 to 1750, through the Industrial Revolution period of 1750 to 1914, though many elements of it have remained the same. The reason for these changes lie in a series of technological advances, including the advent of iron and steel, as well as a general intellectual movement away from the teachings of the classical era and Christianity, images of which largely dominated the Renaissance Period. However, in both periods, architects continued to glorify size and extravagance. To study these changes and continuities, one must look at the architecture of Europe, and compare the changes and similarities of buildings from two major time periods: the Renaissance Period and the age of the Industrial Revolution. The Renaissance Period was marked by a renewed interest in the works of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Harmony, symmetry, and regularity were regarded as classical ideals, which through the mastery of scientific study and geometry, could finally be seamlessly applied to architecture (Milo 34). Florentine architect Filippo Brunelleschi, one of the initiators of the Italian Renaissance, had looked toward Roman structural solutions to design a dome for the Florence Cathedral (Walker 35). The dome is a staple of Renaissance architecture. Other
Climate plays an important role in your life.
GENERAL INTRODUCTION Climate plays an important role in your life. You deal with it every year and if it was slightly different it would certainly effect your style of living. The aim of this project is to determine the climate around our schoolbuilding, The ISSE (International Secondary School Eindhoven). We will do this with the help of 5 hypotheses. First of all I have to define the terms 'climate' and 'micro-climate' and explain to you our method. Also an introduction of five hypotheses, which we work with to achieve an accurate determination of the micro-climate, is presented to you. Before I come to these points I introduce to you where the ISSE is located and what its general climate is. The ISSE is located in Eindhoven, lying in the southern part of The Netherlands in the province Noord-Brabant. The general climate in Eindhoven can be described as this: The weather in Eindhoven is very unpredictable. In the summer you may have fine, hot weather which lasts a long time, or you can have very changing weather. In the winter there are periods of cold weather which may last from one week to two months. In the summer, rain falls heavier, but it doesn't fall often at that time of the year. The participation is distributed evenly over the whole year. Definition of 'climate' and 'micro-climate'. Climate means: 'the regular weather conditions of a certain area,