Orthodoxy, Nationality, Autocracy?
Orthodoxy, Nationality, Autocracy? Russia has a long tradition of religious and cultural wealth, but the arrival of a communist government in 1917 involved an attempt at eradicating religion and several restrictions on culture. Since the fall of communism, I feel that the government has reverted to the 1832 ideology of Nicholas I's government - 'Orthodoxy, Nationality, Autocracy'. The current Russian government allows other religions to exist in Russia, unlike the Tsarist regime, therefore the interpretation of 'Orthodoxy' must be adjusted, however I still feel it applies to Russia today. Though other religions are allowed, life is made difficult for them, due to the 'Law on Freedom of Conscience and Religious Associations' adopted in 1997. Under this law, Russia is a secular state, however Russian Orthodoxy takes priority if required. The law was created in 1990 by Gorbachev, though it took several years to pass as Yeltsin was in fact against it. Under this law, many say religions are almost as regulated as during the Soviet era, with several stringent rules restricting their actions. I believe this shows the Orthodox Church is not as separate from the state as the government wants it to appear. Though present-day Russia is far from the Tsarist strictly-Orthodox period, I feel this part of the slogan still applies. The 'Nationality' part of the slogan corresponds to the
Reasons to believe why Lee Harvey Oswald could have assasinated JFK
Question 2 The Warren Commission blamed the murder of JFK on a lone gunman, Lee Harvey Oswald. They came to this conclusion as there was powerful evidence to point the finger at him. Oswald had many motives in order to assassinate JFK. Firstly Oswald started to show an interest in politics, he joined an organisation called the 'Fair Play for Cuba Committee', and he even set up a new branch in New Orleans. Here they tried to stop America from blockading Cuba. Oswald didn't have a good family background, his dad died when he was young and he and his mother moved around a lot. Oswald also beat his wife, which shows that he wasn't psychologically stable; this meant that had the mind to assassinate someone. As we know that America is capitalist, as Oswald was communist, this would be a plausible reason to start an attack on JFK. For two and a half years, Oswald lived in the USSR, where he trained in the marines. Here, Oswald would learn different skills and learn how to spy, assassinate and most importantly, how to use a gun and plan operations. This shows us that he has the ability to use a gun and potentially plan an operation like the one that occurred on November 22nd. Oswald possessed a forged identity, under the name of 'Alex. T. Hidell', with this he bought a Mannlicher Carcano rifle, which was the gun found on the sixth floor of the book depositary, which is where the
Old Testament Summaries
Genesis The first book of the Old Testament, often refered to as "The book of Beginnings" because of its accounts of the worlds creation and the early history of the Hebrew people. Major events and subjects covered in the book include: 1. God's great creation of the physical world and also Adam and Eve's life in the Garden of Eden; where Adam and Eve's sin and introduction of sin to humankind is mentioned (chap. 1-3). 2. Adam's descendants and the great flood (chaps.4-9); 3. The tower of Babel and the scattering ofhumankind (chap.11); and 4. The life stories of the Hebrew patriarchs: Abraham and Isaac (chaps. 12-27),Jacob (chaps. 25-35), and Joseph (chaps. 37-50). Exodus The book of the Old Testament that recounts the release of the Hebrew people from Egyptian enslavement and the early years of their history as a nation in the wilderness. Important events covered in the book include the following; 1. God's call of Moses lead the people out of slavery (chaps.3-4); 2. the plagues on the Egyptians (chaps.7-12); 3. the release of the Israelites and the crossing of the Red Sea (chap.14); 4. God's miraculousprovision for His people in the wilderness (16:1-17:7); 5. Moses' reception of the Ten Commandments and other parts of the law (chaps.20-23); 6. the building of the tabnacle for worship at God's command (chaps. 36-40). Leviticus An Old
J. Bury, The Idea of Progress
J. Bury, The Idea of Progress . Appleby et al. write: 'Before there could be moderns, there had to be ancients'. Did Enlightenment writers think that theirs was a new age or epoch, no longer dominated by antiquity and tradition? How did they distinguish their age from the 'past'? Enlightenment writers believed that to some extent arts are brought to perfection by experience and long labour (i.e. progress) and therefore the modern age must, as a result, have the advantage over that of the ancients. On the other hand, some argued that this was not the case because the same arts and studies are not always uninterruptedly pursued by the most powerful intellects, and so can decline or even be extinguished. In distinguishing their age from the past, Enlightenment writers often spoke of their time as a 'great age', comparable to the Age of Augustus. Few of the Enlightenment writers would have preferred to have lived at any other time. J. Bury states that 'the Enlightenment of the present age surpasses that of antiquity: La docte Antiquité dans toute sans sa durée A l'égal de nos jours ne fut point éclairée'. 2. Appleby et al. also write: 'Progress and modernity...marched hand in hand'. Did Enlightenment writers invent the idea of progress? What did they think progress consisted of? (Did they all agree, for example, about where it was evident, how far it could go, how