Involvement of individuals in planning their support
Care should be person- centred, meaning that care is focused on the individuals to ensure that independence and autonomy are promoted. This approach to support is often referred to as a person centred approach and ties in with the new personalisation agenda, which gives more choices to client about how they receive support.
Safeguarding
Safeguarding encompasses six key concepts: empowerment, protection, prevention, proportionate responses, partnership and accountability. Social care organisations play an important role in the protection of members of the public from harm and are responsible for ensuring that services and support are delivered in ways that are high quality and safe. Without safeguarding, it leaves disabled individuals, or frail adults vulnerable to abuse or neglection. Safeguarding means protecting people’s health, wellbeing and human rights, enabling them to live free from harm, abuse and neglect.
Exclusion
Exclusion means to stop people from accessing services or jobs because they belong to a certain class, ethnic groups or so on. They will feel like they are not part of the main group in society, in a health and social care no one should be marginalisation no matter what their background, circumstances, sexual orientation or health status.
Stereotyping and labelling
People discriminate against others, knowly or unknowingly, by making assumptions about them i.e. stereotyping and labelling them. Another way in which thinking can lead to discrimination is labelling. Labelling is similar to stereotyping but labels are simpler, a person gets summed up in just one word or term. Stereotyping is a form of discriminatory, it can occur because of the assumptions that we make about people, such as all homeless people don’t want to work, all overweight people are lazy or all male nurses are gay. Stereotyping is a dangerous thing to do in a health and social care profession, as it leads to wrong assumptions and discriminatory practice, which is illegal and could lead to someone being harmed.
Holistic definition of health
- Physical health and well being
- Intellectual (thinking and learning)
- Social (relationships) well being
- Emotional (feelings well being
Working in partnership
Since the introduction of the NHS care and community act 1990, there has been an increase emphasis on different health and social care agencies working in partnership.
This includes sharing good practice and contributing to the support of vulnerable individuals.
Pass Two - Identify the processes and assessment tools involved in planning support for individuals with need who use services
Assessment and care packages
Assessment and care packages are a written document that outlines how the needs of an individual are to be met. Under the NHS and community care act 1990, service users are entitled to have their needs assessed. Needs are assessed by social workers and other professional staff who assess what services an individual should have purchased for them. Assessment results in a care plan to buy in certain services. A care needs assessment needs to be carried out in order to establish what help and support is needed for service users.
Referral
Referral is the first stage of the process. People can refer themselves this is known as self-referral. If a person is in need of health care they can be referred to the GP. Also, if further treatment is needed, the GP can refer the patient to a specialist or they can refer themselves to see someone else.
Processes of care planning
An effective planning cycle helps to prevent abuse. Just because someone has to care for themselves will be cared for. It is the process of developing an agreement between the client and the social worker, where client problems, outcomes to be achieved and actions to be pursued in support of a goal achievement are identified.
Care planning cycle
An effective planning cycle helps to prevent abuse. Just because someone has had their needs assessed does not mean they are protected from abuse, indeed sometimes this is when abuse starts. Abuse does unfortunately occur in a health and social care sector, to vulnerable individuals. Care planning is a way of agreeing, arranging and managing the services or help needed to enable a person to live at home or to move into a residential or nursing home.
ASSESSMENT
CHECK OF CARE CARE PLANNING
SERVICES
IMPLEMENTATION
OF CARE SERVICES
Needs assessment
Needs assessment may include what a person says as well as what they leave unsaid. Effective needs assessment looks at the whole person. Needs assessment needs to be done in order to find out more about the individual’s self, so the services can adapt to this and provide the correct care for them. This also allows the individual to have their opinion on how the service is for them and what could maybe be improved.
Holistic approach
Effective care planning looks at the whole person. This is known as a holistic approach, it refers to the practice of looking at the health of an individual in a complete picture rather than isolating parts. The holistic approach takes care of not only the body’s physical pain but total well-being to include emotional and spiritual health.
Monitoring
The care plan must be monitored to make sure that the care happens and to sort out any problems. Goals need to be specific and measurable so that changes in health status can be monitored. Without monitoring the care plan, causes problems occurring because there will be no notification or awareness of what needs to be improved.
Reviewing and evaluating
Care plans should be reviewed to make sure the care originally planned is still needed. Care sometimes changes sometimes people have increased needs for care or even decreased. Reviewing the care plans allows the carers to know what needs changing, whether there is more or less care required and are things being done at the right time, by the right people. Evaluating ensures, has the plan helped to care effectively for the client, has it benefitted their recovery, or has it enabled them to keep independent as much as possible.
Involvement of key professionals
Care provided by a range of different agencies and professionals carers. Examples are social work, social care, nursing, psychiatry, occupational therapy, speech therapy, GP’s, health visitors, psychologists, housing advice, home care support workers, probation, paramedics, chiropodists. Sometimes a service user may need the use of more than one professional which will mean the professionals will have to work together as a multi-agency in order to help the service user.
Pass Three – Explain why an ethical approach may provide workers with Dilemmas
Statutory Social Care
Social care organisations provide forms of support or assistance to people who are unable to meet their own personal and social needs independently. The secretary of state for health has overall responsibility for statutory social care and children’s services.
The care standards act 2000
The care standards act 2000 brings significant benefits for people receiving care services, wherever they are provided and whoever is providing them. It requires care workers to be; developed to regularise standards of health welfare services available to children and adults in the community and it covers children’s homes, fostering and adoption situations and care homes for older people and for people with special needs.
National care standards, check is essential to be done for anyone applying for a job or voluntary position that involves regularly working with young people or vulnerable adults to ensure you’re allow to work.
National minimum standards
The national care standards commission on NCSC started work in 2002. This organisation aims to make sure that care services, private and voluntary hospitals and nurse’s agencies, provide good quality care.
Race relations act 2000
Under the race relations act, people have the right not to be discriminated against on the grounds of race, nationality or ethnic origin. It requires named public authorities to review their policies and procedures; to remove discrimination and the possibility of discrimination; and to actively promote race equality. It amends the Race Relations Act 1976, which makes it unlawful to discriminate against anyone on grounds of race, colour, nationality (including citizenship), or ethnic or national origin.
Policy
Care establishments have more than five employees, so need a health and safety policy. The risks must be assessed before the event happens, and as far as possible the risk should be reduced. The government issues codes of practice and guidance alongside the legislation to tell care organisations and individual professionals how laws should be implemented
Codes of Practice
The codes of practice provide guidance and lay down expected standards for each of the sectors we regulate. Access and service user’s rights which are incorporated into all their procedures. These are codes used in health and social care; access and service user’s rights which are incorporated into all their procedures, protect the rights and promote the interest of service users and carers. Establish and maintain the trust and confidence of service users, up hold public trust and confidence in social care services, promote the independence of service users while protecting them from danger or harm, also respecting the rights of the service users.
As a registered nurse, midwife or health visitor, you must:
- Respect the patient or client as an individual
- Obtain consent before you give any treatment or care
- Co-operate with others in the team
- Protect confidential information
- Maintain your professional knowledge and competence
- Be trustworthy
- Act to identify and minimise the risk to patients and clients
Pass four – Explain how to incorporate Ethical principles into the provision of support for individuals
Ethics is the study of moral standards and how they affect conduct. Ethical principles are concerned with honourable ways to behave in life.
Roles in social care
Ethical principles are Important in social care workers that are working with vulnerable people who could be exploited. Therefore, there is a moral obligation to maintain particular standards to protect those who are in need of care. Ethical principles will ensure the carers promote good standards of practice following up safeguarding. Without safeguarding it leaves disabled individuals, or frail adults vulnerable to abuse or neglection.
Duty and protection, independence; autonomy
Care workers have a duty to protect service users from harm, while at the same time helping them to develop independence and autonomy. A care worker with no moral principles could easily take advantage of vulnerable service users, and a care worker with no moral will put the service user at risk by not following the safeguarding policy. Service users have the right to be protected and have independence, carers should follow and promote this in a health and social care sector.
Rights of the individual
Human rights are concerned with equality and fairness. They recognised our freedom to make choices about life and develop our potential as human beings. Rights of individuals being promoted within health and social care are essential because the care base value is all about ensuring they are not discriminating, violating people’s right or providing poor care for clients.
It is important that people’s choices and preferences are maintained, so that they can have as much independence as possible, this will allow their self- esteem levels to be high, they’ll feel more respected and value which ultimately has a positive effect on the individual.
Safeguarding Individuals
Every local area must have its own multi-agency policy and procedures in place and these should outline an agreed understanding of the difference between abuse, neglect and harm and poor practice.
The independence safeguarding Authority was created to implement the safeguarding vulnerable groups Act 2006, to help prevent unsuitable people from working with children and vulnerable adults. It’s down to the carers to protect service users from abuse and neglection, as this also promotes moral principles.
Pass Five - Explain why an ethical approach may provide workers with dilemmas
Social justice refers to the concept of a society in which justice is achieved i.e. law. We are responsible for one another, and that we should ensure that all have equal chances to succeed in life. Social justice promotes moral agency, autonomy, and personal liberty.
Moral status (value of life)
One of the reasons the GSCC set up a register of carers is to make sure those without ethical principles are not allowed to work with vulnerable people. Having ethical principles is essential to work with vulnerable people because it’s all about safeguarding and positive promotion of their rights, if this isn’t followed it leaves frail and vulnerable people at risk.
POVA stands for protection of vulnerable adults, this allows vulnerable people to feel more safe and secure as people like that are high at risk of abuse. In health and social care there are other ways to, to protect vulnerable people such as the care planning cycle this is for carers to agree, arrange and manage the services or help for adults, also assessment and care packages are a written document that outlines how the needs of an individual are to be met.
Ethical dilemmas
In 2006 a social worker was removed from the register for having an inappropriate relationship with a client. Another social worker was cautioned for failing to disclose convictions for thefts.
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lissa012 (student)
