Drayton Manor Theme Park: Centrepedial Force
Drayton Manor Theme Park. On the 20th October 2004 I visited the Drayton Manor theme park, the park having many exciting opportunities to explore the scientific principles of speed, energy and force. I have identified two aspects of physics relating to two different rides. st Aspect of physics - centripetal force on the ride Cyclone. (1) I get into my carriage, an attendant comes round and slides the door across, the first thing I notice about the inside is that there are no seat belts, this worried me as I had seen the ride in-action and did not want to fall about the carriage as the ride spins upside down. The ride began to spin round and build up speed and I felt as though I was about to fly out of my seat, as it got faster it began to lift off the ground and turn so that you were eventually vertical. When you were at the top of the circle the carriage was completely upside down, as shown in the picture below, I did not fall about the cage as I had thought but felt almost glued to the floor. I found it difficult to move my arms, legs and even to catch my breath. (1) The fact that I did not fall about the carriage as I had originally thought can be explained by a physics concept called centripetal force.2 Newton's first law of motion states that 'Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied
Investigating into the factors that affect acceleration.
Investigating into the factors that affect acceleration Planning I have chosen to investigate the affect changing the amount of force applied to an object has on acceleration. Hypothesis I predict that as the amount of force applied to the trolley increases, the acceleration will increase in direct proportion. I believe this will happen because according to Newton's Second Law, increasing the force increases the acceleration, provided the mass stays the same. Therefore, acceleration is directly proportional to the force applied. Fair Test Without fair testing the experiment would be useless because the information gathered would not be accurate or reliable. Here are the things we did to ensure our experiment was a fair test: * The distance travelled; the mass and weight of the trolley shall remain constant, as these are not the factors we will be changing. * The only thing we will change will be the force applied to the trolley. No force will be applied to the trolley when it is at the top of the runway, instead we will just let go of it and let gravity be the force. * When putting the trolley at the top of the runway we will make sure that the back wheels of the trolley are touching the ticker timer - this way each experiment will start in the same place. * We will test the trolley beforehand to ensure all wheels were working, because if one or more wheels are
To Investigate the Factors which Determine the stopping Distance of Rollers down a Ramp.
To Investigate the Factors which Determine the stopping Distance of Rollers down a Ramp Theory- When the roller is rolling down the slope then potential energy is converted to kinetic energy that converts into heat energy. MGH = 1/2MVsquared The loss of kinetic energy on the carpet is .... /2MVsquared = braking force x braking distance therefore.... /2Mvsquared = F x so MGH = F x If m, g and f are constant then.... However if G is constant then.... So.... This relation ship can be tested for a fixed angle, roller mass and fixed carpet. Predictions- In this experiment, before it was conducted and results were obtained , I predicted that for all the rollers, that the stopping distance would be directly proportional to the distance up the ramp. This prediction can be tested by plotting a graph of the results. Variables and Constants in the Experiment Variables Constants Distance up ramp Type of carpet Distance along carpet Angle 'G' Mass of roller Type of metal To maintain a fair test these are the procedures I had - * 1 fixed angle * 1 set of rollers * to make sure that the ruler was at the bottom of the ramp * A fixed interval (3,6,9ect....) To find out if my predictions were correct, I conducted an experiment. It was set up as follows; The Experiment Aim - to investigate the factors, which determine the stopping distance of rollers down
Slide Mechanics Coursework
Slide Mechanics Coursework Introduction An object travels down a slide at distance l down the slide. The object then free-falls through a vertical distance h before hitting the ground. Obviously the greater l, the further the horizontal distance d that it lands away from the slide. The relationship between d and l for a particular angle of inclination q for the slide. Experimental and theoretical data will be compared to see if the relationship in practice is that of the predicted data. The aim of the experiment is to find the relationship between l and d for a given value of q. The Model An experimental model for the diagram shown above would be a slide on a table. A smooth object will travel down the slide and land on the floor with a precise measurable distance d. Before materials are named, certain modelling assumption will be made clear. Modeling Assumptions & Materials Taking into consideration that resistive forces must be minimal, or omitted altogether, in order for experimental and theoretical results to be compared with accuracy, suitable materials have to be used. Materials must have an appropriate arrangement and qualities to avoid such forces to effect results. Object The object that travels down the slide will be modelled as a particle with only one force acting on the object: its weight (mg). Any frictional forces will be ignored in preliminary
The title of my investigation is how I can change the acceleration of a trolley?
The title of my investigation is how I can change the acceleration of a trolley? Prediction: The prediction of this investigation will be more mass, more acceleration and the more force the more acceleration. Method: The method for this investigation will be: Firstly the trolley is rolled down the slope, making sure that the height of the slope is keeping the same. With this method it was hard to get accurate measurement of the acceleration that was because gravitational potential energy (G.P.E) will be applied in the results which is not needed. G.P.E= mass×height×gravity. In method two elastic was used to push the trolley forward. The mass was changed and the measurement of acceleration was measured by the light gates. Using elastic the investigation was still not successful because the force should have been kept the same, so that the trolley can accelerate. Working with the elastic only applies force for a very short time. The force would only be in the beginning of the push of the trolley. To make a successful investigation, a constant force must be applied to the trolley so that the acceleration of the trolley can be measured. Using a Newton meter I will pull the trolley with a constant force. The problem will be that it is difficult to provide constant force using a Newton meter. Thinking about the formula that Force= acceleration× mass I came up with
A2 Physics;Research Report - Use and Function of Positron Emission Tomography
The Use and Function of Positron Emission Tomography Scanners Introduction Positron emission tomography (PET) is a technique that is revolutionizing research into the activity of the brain. A patient inhales carbon monoxide containing some carbon-11 isotopes or some other biologically active molecules which emit positrons. Carbon monoxide attaches to haemoglobin molecules in red blood cells with a greater affinity than oxygen, to form carboxyhaemoglobin almost irreversibly. Using the example of carbon-11, when areas of the brain are active the blood flow to them increases, so the concentration of carbon-11 in that part of the brain increases. The 11C isotope of carbon is artificial and decays by ß+ (positron) emission. Within about 1mm of its emission point a positron will annihilate with an electron to produce two gamma-ray photons. As the positrons are not moving that quickly when they annihilate with an electron the two photons emerge virtually back-to-back, which conserves momentum. The patient is surrounded by a ring of scintillation counters with detect the emerging gamma-ray photons (scintillation counters are photomultiplier tubes, each with its own sodium iodide crystals). A computer processes this information to reconstruct, very accurately, the point inside the patient from which the photons originated. The result is a map of the blood flow in the brain. If the
Physics Investigation: Speed
Physics Investigation: Speed In this investigation I am finding out how the height of a ramp affects the speed of a toy car. To do this, I first need to know about speed and gravity. I know the equation for speed is: Speed = Distance Time From that equation I can now work out what the speed of the toy car will be, when I know the distance the ramp is and the time it took the car to come down the ramp. Now, gravity is a bit more complicated: Over three centuries ago, Isaac Newton invented a new kind of mathematics called calculus so that he could model motion in the natural world using mathematics. Calculus is about measuring change and so calculus became a vital tool in describing the motions of simple objects. Newton was able to make a mathematical model that encompassed both objects falling because of gravity on Earth, and the motion of heavenly bodies in the skies. Newton decided that the force of gravity on Earth was the same force that organized the motions of the moon around the Earth and the Earth and all the planets around the sun. He invented a formalism and developed mathematical formulas for calculating the size of the gravitational force both on Earth and in outer space. This (more simply) means that there is a force in the Earth that attracts all objects to it, so that they (or we) don't float in the air.
Investigation to find out whether changing the surface area of the wings on my helicopter will change the rate of it's descent.
Aim: I aim to find out whether changing the surface area of the wings on my helicopter will change the rate of it's descent. Apparatus: I will need: Paper, scissors, stop clock, metre ruler. Prediction: Air resistance is a force that acts upon any object falling through the air. It slows the rate of descent on an object with any surface area. Scientific research has found that by altering the object's surface area, the amount of air resistance either increases or decreases, changing the rate of descent. Newton's third law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. My helicopter will fall to the ground because of the gravitational pull of the Earth. In reflection to Newton's law, the opposite force in the case of my experiment will be air resistance. As gravity is pulling my helicopter to the ground, air resistance is pushing up onto my helicopter, slowing its rate of descent. The rate of gravity is always the same, as the gravitational pull from the Earth is the same, so the factor in this case, which affects the rate of descent, is air resistance. Newton's second law of motion states that the acceleration an object experiences multiplied by the mass of the object is equal to the net force acting on the object. Thus, if a given force acts on two objects of different mass, the object with the larger mass will have a lower
To calculate the acceleration due to gravity by dropping a ball from a certain distance and recording the time
Lab Report 3 Find acceleration due to gravity using ball drop method Amine Alami IB1-3 Lab Report Aim: To calculate the acceleration due to gravity by dropping a ball from a certain distance and recording the time Hypothesis: it is expected that the gravity should be within the same range for each trial Variables: The independent variable = the distance The dependent variable = the time Controlled variables are: - the mass of the steel ball - the position of the trip plate -the length of the plumb line Equipment: - meter stick , half meter stick - 1 steel ball - Boss and clamp - Electronic Timing Device - Release mechanism - Plumb bob -trip plate Procedure: - A steel ball was inserted between the jaws of the release mechanism - The height was adjusted to 1 meter and half a meter, measured from the bottom of the ball to the trip plate - The plumb bob was used to locate the centre of the trip plate , to ensure that the ball falls on it and to make sure the release mechanism is perpendicular to the surface of the plate - a circuit was made between the release mechanism, the trip plate and the electronic timer. it was configured to start counting as soon as the ball is released and to stop counting when it touched the plate - The timer was switched on and RESET was pressed - the thumbscrew was pressed to release the ball, it was held straight rather
Investigation to find out how tension on an elastic band affects the height a paper pellet reaches
Science Coursework Physics Investigation to find out how tension on an elastic band affects the height a paper pellet reaches Plan I want to investigate how changing the tension on an elastic band effects the height a paper pellet reaches. The equipment that I will be using is: 1 clamp stand, 3 clamps, 1 ruler, 1 elastic band and 1 paper pellet. Prediction I predict that the more tension on the elastic band will push the paper pellet to go higher. I also think that double the length pulled on the elastic band will result in the paper pellet being forced higher than double the height, this will be because the tension on the elastic band will be higher than double. Method What we will be doing is we'll set up the equipment then pull the elastic band down starting with 1cm then adding 1cm after each pull. We will measure the tension on the elastic band by using a Newton meter and measure the height that the paper pellet reaches by using a meter stick. This will be repeated three times to gain more accurate results; this will be because we will find the average out of the three results. Fair Testing Our test will be kept fair by using the same rubber band, this is because some rubber bands are more or less elastic and this will affect the results by gaining or falling in height. We will also use the same pellet because different pellets have different weights and will