Languages and Religion
Beikenova Ainur 20080201 Introduction to Geography, KIMEP Spring 2009 Project 2 "Languages and Religions" Topic: Languages and Religion Task 1. Ainu are indigenous population of Japan. They live on Hokkaido, Japan's northern island, but the Ainu culture once lived in the southern part of Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands. Ainu language has 3 main dialects. They are: Hokkaido-dialect, Sakhalin-dialect, and Kurile-dialect. Ainu language isn't written language. This language is almost dead. Hattori Shiro, who completed an Ainu dialect dictionary, believe that Ainu language is from the Altaic family. Ainu's religion is pantheistic, it means that they believe in many Gods. They believe in nature Gods. The main God in the home was the female god of fire. As mentioned before, Ainu believe in many Gods, on the contrary in my culture people believe in one God. Then, Ainu believe that soul cycles through 2 worlds, and this worlds are almost the same. In my culture, people believe that after death soul goes to another better world. Ainu believes are animism. In my culture, human is made in the image and likeness of God. Japan hasn't stated such ethnic minority like Ainu. Only in 1991, in a report to the United Nations did Japan publicly recognize the Ainu as an ethnic minority. Government still refused to recognize the Ainu as an indigenous people. Today Ainu minority
Porosity and permeability.
Porosity and permeability coursework The vast majority of geological materials can hold water to a greater or lesser extent, the amount of water if affected by the materials porosity and permeability. Porosity is a parameter that describes the amount of open space in geologic material, it can be stated as either a fractional value or percentage of the material that is open space. This open space is not however a void like the interior of a balloon it is more like a sponge with small air bubbles and interconnecting pores. These open pore spaces occur between sediment grains, in cracks or fractures and also on a larger scale in cavernous openings formed by dissolution of rock. The porosity values of rock typically range from 0-50%, this space is often filled with water or air or mixture of both. Permeability is closely linked to porosity as permeability is a parameter that describes the ability of geological material to transmit water. Permeability is measured in Millidarcy (MD) or Darcies (D). A Millidarcy is 1/1000 of a Darcy. A Darcy is the permeability that will allow a flow of 1 cubic centimetre per second of a fluid with 1 centipoise viscosity through a distance of 1 centimetre through an area of 1 square centimetre under a differential pressure of 1 atmosphere. The greater the permeability of a rock, the easier it is for fluids to flow through it. Typical permeability
Water and life
Water Water has 2 very important roles! But anyway, without water no life would exist on earth, it is the most important biochemical of all. Three quarters of the earth is covered with water. .Role 70-95% percent of a cell contains water. The human body for example contains about 60% water. 2.Role An environment for all organisms, which live in water. Such a small molecule would exist as a gas at normal Earth temperatures were it not for its special property of hydrogen bonding to other water molecules. In water (used as a medium) molecules and ions can mix in and hence a medium. In this medium life could envolve. Hydrogen Bonds are hard to break and hard to convert from liquid standard to a gas. Therefore a lot of energy is needed. Because of this qualitys, it is difficult to separate the water molecules and to affect the physical properties of water. Important other roles Water as a solvent Water is a solvent for ions and polar molecules. Water has the quality, that its molecules are attracted to ions and polar molecules and can collect around and separate them. Chemicals can move free and react with other chemicals in water. Most processes in living organisms take place in solution in this way. As soon as a chemical dissolves in water, the watermolecules start doing the mentioned process. But, water is not a solvent for non-polar molecules and
Rivers and landscapes
Rivers A river uses the material it has transported to erode its banks and river bed. As the velocity of the river increase the load that the river can carry also increases, this then increases the rate at which the river erodes. These are the main way in which river can erode: Attrition This is when larger boulders and other materials which the river is carrying collide and break up into smaller pieces. This mainly occurs in the highland areas where the rivers are still flowing. Hydraulic action This when the force from the river dislodges particles from the river banks and bed, this wideners the river bed and the side of the river. The amount of hydraulic action increases as the river grows in size. Corrasion This process generally occurs in the lowland areas as the particles are small enough to rub against the sides of the banks of the river. These particles are carried by suspension. The river banks are worn away by a sand-paper action which can also be called abrasion. Corrosion This is when the acids in the river dissolve the rocks on the river bed, they are normally the weaker rocks such as limestone. This process can occur in any part of the rivers course. Down cutting This is a process that removes the material from the river bed and therefore deepening the channel of the river. The rate of down cutting depends on the rivers base level which is the
Christians and Racism
Racism takes many forms and many people have dies because of it. It occurs when people are prejudice and discriminate against people because of the colour of their skin. People are prejudice, and use their own views to physically or verbally hurt others, who they see as different to them before knowing the facts. There is no excuse for people being racism. The Church of England and Roman Catholic both condemn racism of any form. All Christians would have been brought up believing that racism is wrong. There are many teachings in the bible, which suggest that, this s very wrong, and should not be happening. The bible is the inspired word of god, and shows that god loved everyone and you should return this love to god by following his teachings in the Bible. This is shown in Matthew 25:31 - 45: ' What you do unto the least of my people you do unto me' this means that if some one hurts there neighbour then they also hurt god. Also we should not be racist to people of a different race because we are all of the same race in the end. We all started from Adam and Eve. There are two ways in which Christians respond to racism. They're many of well-known people such as martin Luther King, Desmond tutu and Trevor Huddleston. Martin Luther king was an American Baptist Minister who is very famous for his work against racism/In the 1950s and 60s there was a lot of discrimination and
Cows and Governments.
Cows and Governments FEUDALISM: You own two cows. Your lord takes some of the milk. PURE SOCIALISM: You own two cows. The government takes them and puts them in a barn with everyone else's cows. You have to take care of all the cows. The government gives you as much milk as you need. BUREAUCRATIC SOCIALISM: You own two cows. The government takes them and puts them in a barn with everyone else's cows. They are cared for by ex-chicken farmers. You have to take care of the chickens the government took from the chicken farmers. The government gives you as much milk and as many eggs as the regulations say you should need. You and the ex-chicken farmers die of thirst or hunger. FASCISM: You own two cows. The government takes both, hires you to take care of them, and sells you the milk. PURE COMMUNISM: You own two cows. Your neighbours help you take care of them, and you all share the milk. RUSSIAN COMMUNISM: You own two cows. You have to take care of them, but the government takes all the milk. CHINESE COMMUNISM: You own two cows. The government only lets you have one, so you abandon the other in the street, where it is left for three days, before someone disposes of it. DICTATORSHIP: You own two cows. The government takes both and shoots you. SCHOOL POLITICS: You own two cows. Your matron finds them in your cupboard. She gives you a good ticking off and tries to
Religion and Medicine.
Religion and Medicine In the UK every one in eight couple is affected with infertility, leaving about 2 million infertile couples, of which about 25% of males, 45% of female and 30% unknown are the causes of infertility. With the help of treatments so far there have been 21 000 test tube babies born so far, A quarter of which have been born in the last two years. The treatment costs about £2 000 per cycle and over 300 000 embryos have so far been produced, of these about 280 000 have been used for research or have died before birth. Multiple birth rates are higher than ever with 1774 twins, triplets and quadruplets (a third of all births) in the last 15 months. Overall 18.5% of IVF patients become pregnant and 15% have live babies are available, which is why more and more people are turning to medical treatments. There are eight treatments available to help infertile couples to have children, some of which are listed below:- > Artificial insemination by husband (AIH) can be used when the man's sperm count is low. It involves concentrating several semen samples and introducing this into the neck of the women's womb when she ovulates, this treatment has been available for more than 50 years. > IVF-In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) eggs and sperm are collected and brought together in a Petri dish. The zygote (fertilised egg), is incubated for a few days, by which time it is a
Serialism and Minimalism
Area of Study 2 Changing directions in western classical music from 1900 Introduction * Since the Baroque period, harmony had been progressing and became more and more complex * In the late Romantic period, composers such as Wagner, Bruckner and Strauss used more chromatic notes and dissonant chords Impressionism * In France, composers such as Debussy were part of a new way of thinking called impressionism * This word first applied to a school of French painting * It's chief representative was Claude Monet * Impressionism tried to either give a glimpse/impression of something- not a concrete view * Impressionism didn't seek to express deeply felt emotions, but it evoked a mood/atmosphere * The tonality was not so defined and it did not have a definite 'key centre' Expressionism * Expressionism represented inner experience and was a rebellion against established order and accepted forms o Real objects in a distorted representation * Artists reflecting feelings about themselves and their surroundings * Artists (notably Kandinsky and Munch) created vivid pictures, distorting colour and shape to express their innermost emotions * In the same way, composers put intense emotional expression into their music * Expressionist music avoided cadence, repetition, sequence and balanced phrases * It had constantly changing textures, extremes of dynamics and used harmonic
motion and energy
Motion and energy Speed velocity and acceleration . Speed * Average speed= distance moved / time taken 2. Velocity * Speed is a distance travelled in unit time ( scalar ) * Velocity is a distance travelled in unit time in a stated direction ( vector ) * Velocity = distance moved in a stated direction / time taken = displacement / time * Velocity of a body is constatnt if it moves with steady speed in a straight line * Distance moved in a stated direction is also known as displacement 3. Acceleration * It is the change in velocity in unit time * Acceleration = change of velocity / time taken for change * An acceleration is positive if the velocity increases and negative if it decreases. A negative acceleration is also called a deceleration or retardation 4. Timers * These are timers used to analyse motion 5. Motion sensors * They use the ultrasonic echo technique to determine the distance of the object from thee sensor 6. Tickertape timer : tape charts * One type has a marker which vibrates 50 times a second and makes dots at 1/50 s intervals on the paper tape being pulled through it * 1/50 s is called a tick * The distance between the successive dots equals the average speed of the object * 1/5 s is called a tentick * 5 tenticks = 1 second 7. Photogate timer * They are used to record time taken for a trolley to pass through a gate. If the length of the
Trotsky and Stalin
Trotsky and Stalin Before Lenin died on 21st January 1924, he was suffering from severe strokes due to this he was not able to play an active role in political life. When Lenin died he didn't leave an accepted successor. It was obvious that Trotsky (Lenin's closest comrade) would take over and emerge as successor. But this didn't happen instead Joseph Stalin emerged as successor. It was a struggle for power between Trotsky and Stalin that went on for several years before Stalin was finally able T triumph in the late 1920.Trotsky wasn't ready to give up everything he had worked for. He was successful in creating the red army and winning the civil war. He also had an advantage, before joining the Bolsheviks Trotsky was commissar for foreign affair. However he would never had a chance of becoming the successor as all the communist leaders were determined to prevent in becoming one. even Lenin states in one of his account that ; other members of the party were deeply suspicious of Trotsky's ambition and feared that he wanted to become supreme. Many though that Trotsky was capable of ruling the country, but because of his arrogance and much intelligence he made most of the communist leaders doubt him. Despite Trotsky having an advantage he also had a disadvantage of being Jewish due to Russia having a long and deep tradition of anti-Semitism, and loosing most of his support by
