Energy content of foods
Title: Experiment showing energy content of different food items Aim: To see which food substance gives out the highest amount of energy. Hypothesis: I think that the food containing the most fat, will release the most energy content compared to the food with the lowest amount of fat. As fats contain 37kJ of energy per gram, compared to carbohydrate which provide about 17kJ per gram, and protein with about 14kJ per gram. Hence i feel that the cheese ball will give out the most energy as it contains the most amount of fat and seems to be the driest and thus it will burn easily and efficently. And the bread will give out the least as it seems to only contain carbohydrates and is not as dry as the other food items. Materials and equipment: > Bunsen burner > Clamp > Thermometer > Boiling tube > Tap water > Coloured marker > Retort stand > Measuring cylinder > Food items (four different types) > Measuring scale > Knife > Tongs > Saftey goggles Procedure . Boiling tube is attached to the retort stand via a clamp 2. 20cm³ of water is measured in a measuring cylinder and put into the boiling tube 3. Inital temperature of water is measured 4. A sample of food substance is weighed and its mass recorded using the measuring scale 5. The food substance is held by a tonge and then ignited 6. The food sample is burnt, underneath the boiling tube at a fixed distance
An investigation into Content Analysis and aggressive acts in popular TV programmes.
An investigation into Content Analysis and aggressive acts in popular TV programmes. In this piece of coursework I am trying to find out whether aggressive acts in popular TV programmes cause children to act more violently. The participants used in this experiment will be children aged between 5 and 10. I think that the more aggressive acts there are in the popular TV programmes the more aggressive the child will act after watching the programme. Most of us recognise aggression when we see it but the reason the person is being aggressive we find hard to determine. One common way to determine aggression is by saying there are 2 types instrumental and hostile aggression. Instrumental aggression is used to achieve a specific goal, perhaps to protect yourself or to try and get your own way. This form of aggression is not always accompanied by anger. Hostile aggression is aimed at damaging someone or something, and is often done in anger. The social learning theory says that we learn not only through reinforcement but also by observing other people and imitating their behaviour, which is called observational learning. A psychologist named Albert Bandura studies of aggression are based on the teachings of the social learning theory. He found out the following points: Observation Always we are watching people, and children in particular spend a lot of time observing others.
For this project I am going to conduct my own content analysis research into gender representations and TV advertisements.
Gender Representations and John Elston TV Advertisements For this project I am going to conduct my own content analysis research into gender representations and TV advertisements. I am going to focus in on the assessment/analysis of either the work of Dominick and Rauch (1972). These earlier studies typically supported that the media did hold the traditionally stereotypical views that they had been associated with. Their results showed - * Women were 7 times more likely to appear in ads for personal hygiene products than to not appear at all. * 75% of all ads using females were for products for use in the kitchen or bathroom. * 38% of females in ads were pictured inside the home, compared with 14% of males. * Men were more likely to be shown out of doors or in business settings than women. * Twice as many women were shown with children than were with men. * 56% of women in ads were judged to be (only) housewives. * 43 different occupations were coded for men, 18 for women. From doing this research I will be able to see if much has changed since the days when Dominick and Rauch first did their research or if women are still stereotyped in the manner they traditionally have been. For my research I will watch 25 TV advertisements selected at a certain time of day on a certain channel. From watching these advertisements I will record the following - *
Analyzing the sulphur dioxide content in wine
Analyzing the sulphur dioxide content in wine Objective To determine the amount of sulphur dioxide, an antioxidant, present in wine by using volumetric analysis. Principle All free SO2 molecules is first convert into SO32- by NaOH solution: SO2 + 2OH- › SO32- + H2O Acidification of the solution liberates all SO2: 2SO32- + 2H+ › 2SO2 + 4H2O which is then titrated with 0.0057M iodine solution in which starch is used as end-point indicator: SO2 + I2 + 2H2O › 2HI + H2SO4 Chemicals white wine (carbonated), 1M NaOH, 2M H2SO4, 0.0057M I2, starch solution Apparatus volumetric apparatus, pipette, measuring cylinder, dropper, white tile Procedure 1.> Find out the volume of wine from the label on the bottle. 2.> Pipette 25cm3 of white wine into a conical flask. 3.> Add about 12cm3 of 1M NaOH and stand for about 15 minutes. 4.> Add about 10cm3 of 2M H2SO4 to the mixture and then few drops of starch solution as indicator. Quickly, titrate the mixture with 0.0057M iodine solution. 5.> Record the titre required to produce pale blue colour. 6.> Repeat steps 2-5 for 2-3 times. Data Analysis Trial st 2nd Final reading /cm3 3.05 2.80 26.30 Initial reading /cm3 0.25 9.70 23.25 Volume of I2 added /cm3 2.80 3.10 3.05 Average volume of I2 added /cm3 3.075 Concentration of I2 solution: 0.0057 M
Determine the energy content of different types of Seed: Compare the calorie content of different seeds.
Determine the energy content of different types of Seed: Compare the calorie content of different seeds. Within a seed there is a significant amount of stored energy, in the form of lipid and carbohydrate. The energy stored in a seed is measured in joules 1 Joule is 2.390 x 10¯ calories. When a seed is digested a person can be aware of how much energy they are consuming by having access to the seeds calorie content. Seeds also benefit the consumer in other ways; 100 grams of sunflower seeds also contains 24 g of protein and 7.1mg of iron¹. Pumpkin seeds (based on 100 grams) contain 29 grams of protein, 11.2 mg of iron and 1144 mg of phosphorus¹.A method of measuring calories can be found if the joule content is converted. To conclude, in order to determine the energy content of different seeds the joule content must be found. joule is 2.390 x 10¯ calories of stored food 4.184 Joules is needed to raise 1cm³ of water by 1ºC (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule) Hypothesis: H1: Change in energy content in different seeds will cause a different change in temperature of water (When the seed is used as an energy source) H0: Change in energy content in different seeds will have no effect on the temperature of water. (When the seed is used as an energy source) Risk assessment: Firstly, a lab coat should be worn in order to protect clothing from the sharp scalpel and
Media Assignment: Choose an advert or news report of a similar nature and do a content and textual analysis.
Media Assignment: Choose an advert or news report of a similar nature and do a content and textual analysis. In this essay I have chosen to look at two male footwear advertisements. The first of these advertisements is for the company 'Gola' and, the second is for the company 'Caterpillar'. Both of the advertisements have been taken from the male magazine called 'FHM' which, stands for 'For Him Magazine'. This magazine is aimed at young men approximately eighteen to thirty-five years old. Throughout this essay I will compare the two adverts in relation to the aims of the company by an analysis of their content and the text contains within them. I will also argue that although both adverts are aimed at the same target age, they are both aimed at different segments of this market. The adverts are for the same product but have used very different approaches. Both advertisements contain high quality pictures and, have obviously been doctored by the use of a computer. The 'Caterpillar' advertisement depicts a model standing in front of some windows. The trainer itself, allow it isn't the main image in the advert, is of good, clear quality and, therefore allows the target audience to view it properly. The use of the computer generated giant footprints which, are stamped onto the windows, also allows us to see the underneath of the footwear. The Gola advert has used a
Content and process theories of motivation
Content and process theories of motivation Introduction into motivation In this essay the writer is going to explore the concept of motivation, this is hopefully going to be achieved through exploration of the complex and variable nature of needs and expectations. Formal and informal theories of motivation will be discussed, focussing on the former. Mainly but this will involve mainly the formal theories because these are the ones that content and process theories fall under. Content and process theories of motivation will be evaluated with particular emphasis on the links between motivation and leadership. The writer will compare the various content theories and process theories. Finally writer also aims to compare the various content theories and process theories this will be done by brief illustration of the main ones and analysis of the most influential ones since some of the theories are similar in nature. Motivation is one of the most crucial skill that a manager needs to have it is the reason why it has to be studied it could be described as a leadership skill because a good leader has to be able to motivate their staff; firstly we need to know what motivation is. Motivation is " a set of processes that moves a person towards a goal, thus motivated behaviours are voluntary choices controlled by the individual employee." The reason an employer motivates their
Narrative composition and content
Narrative, Content & Compostion In this essay I will talk about the narration, composition and the content of the newspapers which are published today. These three points are taken very seriously as they play the most important role in the success and failure of the newspapers which are published. I chose a broadsheet newspaper to analyse first as it has the articles in more proffesional order, its contents are trustworthy and there's a bigger audience for it. * Narration of the newspapers - on the frontpage of the broadsheet newspapers you would find the biggest news, something which would shock the viewers and convince them to read the newspaper. As it will be on the National News page it has to be a big news, it could be about politics, disasters in businesses or terrorist attacks anything which will grab the attention and it could be happening nationally. It would be popular and affect the people globally. Then it would be the local news which might be important to the viewers who live in the city which is mentioned in the newspaper but mostly everyone prefers an international paper with a good local section later in the newspaper as it may not be that important as much as the national news would be because the local news would be for a smaller audience it would come after the bigger news as it would be for the whole country. After the local news and adverts would
The purpose of this content analysis is to find out to what extend did the UK Media personalise the NHS crisis to the person of Patricia Hewitt?
CONTENTS Executive Summary 3 Content Analysis Design 5 Purpose of the Research 6 Media Sample 7 Coding Devices 9 Unitisation 10 Reliability test 12 Conclusion 14 Bibliography 15 Appendix 16 Executive Summary Content analysis is a research tool used to determine the presence of certain words or concepts within texts or sets of texts. Researchers quantify and analyse the presence, meanings and relationships of such words and concepts, then make inferences about the messages within the texts, the writer(s), the audience, and even the culture and time of which these are a part. Texts can be defined broadly as books, book chapters, essays, interviews, discussions, newspaper headlines and articles, historical documents, speeches, conversations, advertising, theatre, informal conversation, or really any occurrence of communicative language. Texts in a single study may also represent a variety of different types of occurrences, such as Palmquist's 1990 study of two composition classes, in which he analysed student and teacher interviews, writing journals, classroom discussions and lectures, and out-of-class interaction sheets. To conduct a content analysis on any such text, the text is coded or broken down into manageable categories on a variety of levels -- word, word sense, phrase, sentence, or theme -- and then examined using one of content analysis' basic methods:
Acid Content of Vinegar
Acid Content of Vinegar Aim: -To determine the concentration of ethanoic (acetic) acid in a sample of vinegar. Apparatus: As per prac sheet Method: As per prac sheet Safety: Results: Morrow Vinegar- Titration repeat Initial reading Final Reading Titre 2.45ml 31.59ml 29.14ml 2 4.01ml 33.52ml 29.51ml 3 4.32ml 34.02ml 29.70ml Aceto Vinegar- Titration repeat Initial reading Final Reading Titre 2.32ml 28.90ml 26.58ml 2 0.77ml 28.23ml 27.46ml 3 3.71ml 29.19ml 25.48ml Cornwalls Vinegar- Titration repeat Initial reading Final Reading Titre 3.35ml 23.41ml 20.06ml 2 4.13ml 24.80ml 20.67ml 3 3.65ml 24.31ml 20.66ml Questions: ) Calculate the mass of ethanoic acid in each sample of vinegar. The mass of ethanoic acid in the sample of Morrow vinegar is: 0.1767g n(NaOH) = c × v = 0.1 × 0.02945 n = 0.002945 mol n(CH3COOH) = 0.002945 mol (n(NaOH) and n(CH3COOH) are a 1:1 ratio) m = n mr mass(CH3COOH) = 0.002945 × 60 = 0.1767 grams The mass of ethanoic acid in the sample of Aceto vinegar is: 0.15906g n(NaOH) = c × v = 0.1 × 0.02651 n = 0.002651 mol n(CH3COOH) = 0.002651 mol m = n mr mass(CH3COOH) = 0.002651 × 60 = 0.15906 grams The mass of ethanoic acid in the sample of Cornwalls vinegar is: 0.15906g n(NaOH) = c × v = 0.1 × 0.02046 n = 0.002046 mol n(CH3COOH) = 0.002046 mol m = n mr mass(CH3COOH) =
