Explicit Content in Rap Lyrics.
Pat Gorres Explicit Content in Rap Lyrics All it takes is one push of a button on the car radio, and I am bombarded by lyrical images of murder, drug use, and the degradation of women. Another push of a button on the TV, and the same images flood the screen. This is not a bad day of news reports or R-rated movies; this is today's music. The creators of these lyrics are earning millions of dollars, topping the Billboard charts, and winning Grammies. USA Today reports that over 25% of teenagers stated if given only one genre of music, they would listen to hip-hop and rap. The overwhelming majority of these teenagers also claim that they know the lyrics to at least 75% of the songs they listen to. Like it or not, explicit hip-hop music has become one of the most prominent genres of music in youth America. So, if the youth are the future, then the influence of hip-hop is certainly a worthwhile topic to consider. This extended essay seeks to analyze hip-hop lyrics to answer the question: "What are the reasons for justifying explicit content such as drugs, sex, and violence in hip-hop lyrics?" I will treat this question in a number of ways. I will provide a brief history of hip-hop music to understand the context in which it is created. I will then present several examples of explicit, controversial rap lyrics, and then analyze and compare what professional critics have written
Vitamin C content of fruit juices
Title : The vitamin C content of fruit juice Objective : To investigate and compare the vitamin C content in various fruit juice Introduction: Vitamins are a group of complex organic compounds which play an essential role in animal metabolic processes but which the animal cannot synthesise. Vitamins do not provide energy however, in their absence, the animal develops certain deficiency diseases or other abnormal conditions. Vitamins together with proteins, carbohydrates, fats and mineral salts are essential constituents of the food of animals. Certain animals can synthesise certain vitamins. All animals which require vitamin D can synthesise it from ergosterol1 in the presence of U.V light. With the exception of vitamin D, the human body cannot make its own vitamins, and some cannot be stored. Therefore, one must obtain vitamins from a food on a daily basis. A person's diet must provide all the necessary vitamins. Vitamin C or Ascorbic acid is a water-soluble vitamin. Vitamin C cannot be stored by the body as it is not a fat-soluble vitamin. Excess vitamin C leaves the body through the urine. Thus, we need a constant supply of vitamin C in our diet. The chemical compound of vitamin C is C6H8O6 while its IUPAC name is 2-oxo-L-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone-2,3-enediol. Image 1: 3D structure of vitamin C 2 Image 2: 2D structure of vitamin C 3 Vitamin C is essential for the
Aim:To investigate the content of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) content in a commercial tablets and compare this with the manufacturers specification.
ANALYSIS OF THE AMOUNT OF VITAMIN C IN A COMMERCIAL TABLETS AIM To investigate the content of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) content in a commercial tablets and compare this with the manufacturer's specification. INTRODUCTION Vitamin C is ascorbic acid which is rapidly and quantitatively oxidized by iodine in acidic medium according to the following equation: The standard method for determining ascorbic acid present in a sample is to titrate a standard iodine solution. But the low solubility of iodine makes this procedure less than ideal. In this experiment, a know excess of iodine is generated in situ by the reaction between an iodine and an iodate and that not reacting with the ascorbic acid is then titrated against standard sodium thiosulphate solution. A standard solution of iodine is unstable and has to be frequently standardised by a standard solution of thiosulphate. Direct titration of tablets against a standard solution of iodine is not recommended. ? Stoichiometrically in-situ generation of iodine according to the equation (aq) + 5(aq) + 6(aq) ??? 3(aq) + 3O(l) ...........(2) provides a known amount of iodine (which is excess) to oxidize the vitamin C content of tablets . Unreacted iodine can be determined by back titration against a standard solution of sodium thiosulphate using starch indicator. MATERIALS AND APPARATUS watch glass
This paper investigates an evidence to support the HOV model by carrying out a factor content analysis of trade of a single country, Vietnam, which has not been carried out before
MIRROR NUERON Introduction One of the most well-known trade theories which reveals that international trade is largely driven by differences in countries' resources was developed by Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin. The theory emphasizes on predicting the pattern of trade in goods between two countries based on their differences in factor endowments. Heckscher and Ohlin started with the model of a two goods, two factors and two economies, concluding that each country would export the good that uses its abundant factor intensively1. Following this theory, Vanek presented the multi-good, multi-factor model, called the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek model (H-O-V model). The goal of this model is to make a relation between the factor content of trade and the endowments of a country. The factor-content formulation of the HOV model attracted many empirical studies. The relationship between goods traded and factor endowments has been investigated by many researchers. Leamer, Bowen and Sveikauskas (1987)2 argued that the net trade of sectors is dependent on country-specific factor endowments rather than on sector-specific factor inputs. Trefler (1993, 1995), Davis and Weinstein (2001) and others were involved in extensive empirical testing on this theory. However, most are tested on the United States data or tested the HOV model by using data for a large number of countries3, calculating
The Vitamin C content in fruits
Title: The Vitamin C content in fruits Aim: To investigate and compare the vitamin C concentration in the juices of some common fruits Introduction Problem: Which type of fruits has the highest vitamin C content? Design of investigation: In order to compare the vitamin C concentration in the juices of different fruits, we need to measure the the number of drops of each fruit juice required to make a constant volume of DCPIP solution change from blue to colourless. The independent variable is the different types of fruit juice .To manipulate the independent variable,we can buy different types of common fruits from the supermarket.We can obtain the fruit juice by grinding the fruit pieces with a small quantity of distilled water. The dependent variable is the concentration of vitamin C in different fruits.The concentration of vitamin C in different fruits can be compared by measuring the number of drops of each fruit juice required to make 1ml of DCPIP solution change from blue to colourless.We can add in the juices drop by drop until the DCPIP solution become colourless. The control variables are the temperature,the volume of water used in grinding the fruits and the volume of DCPIP solution used in each test tube.The experiment have to be carried out under constant room temperature because heat destroys the reducing property of vitamin C and the result might vary if
Ascorbic acid content of fruit juice
Lab 3: Ascorbic acid content of fruit juice OBJECTIVE To determine ascorbic acid content in a sample of fruit juice by using titration method with 0.001M 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, C12H7O2NCl2. INTRODUCTION Structure of Ascorbic acid Ascorbic acid, the chemical term for vitamin C, are found naturally in fruits and green vegetables. It is a dietary requirement for normal metabolism, formation of collagen, wound healing, and tissue repair. Ascorbic acid is often used as an antioxidant to help prevent free radical damage in the skin, builds resistance to infection, aids in the prevention treatment of the common cold, and aids in the absorption of iron. Yet, vitamin C cannot be synthesized by the body, and needs to be ingested. A lack of vitamin C can cause abnormalities of the spine, scurvy, and a reduction in the ability of the body to heal wounds. The determining factors as to whether organic substances can be determined in an aqueous medium depend primarily on the functional groups that characterise the redox properties. The determination of ascorbic acid content is based on the oxidation of ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid: C6H8O6 --> C6H6O6 + 2e- + 2H+ The redox potential depends on the pH and without adequate buffering the pH at the electrode surface can be displaced by the oxidation reaction of the ascorbic acid leading to peak broadening. Vitamin C
An Investigation to find which foods have the most energy content
An Investigation to find which foods have the most energy content We have three different types of biscuit with their nutritional content listed below but their energy values are missing. By burning a piece of biscuit and heating a known volume of water and recording the temperature change, we hope to show the energy value of each biscuit. Biscuit Types Sponge fingers per 100g Oat and Wholemeal per 100g Protein 8.2g protein 7.7g COH 84.7g COH 64.2g Fat 3.6g Fat 21.6g Rich Tea per 100g Protein 7.9g COH 78.1g Fat 7.4g Apparatus Test-tube, clamp + stand, heatproof mat, goggles, foods, thermometer, measuring cylinder, water and Bunsen burner. Method First set apparatus up as above then pour 15ml of water into a measuring cylinder and pour into the test -tube you are going to heat. Then take the temperature of the water in the test-tube and write the temperature in the table which has room for 3 tests on each food and 5 columns with the name of the food the temp before, temp after, weight before and weight after. Then take your sponge finger and
Determining vitamin C content in Orange Juice
Experiment #1 Determination of Vitamin C in Orange Juice Date experiment preformed September 10, 2012 Date lab submitted Sept 18, 2012 Rachael Horne, student #120892960 Partners name: Geoff Williams Lab section 3 IA: Parvina Shodieva Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to determine the vitamin c content in varies orange juices. Procedure: For procedure reference the lab manual (CH110 Lab manual, fall 2012) pages 20-21 “Wilfred Laurier university department. Fall 2012. Determination of Vitamin C in orange Juice. Pages 20-21 in chemistry 110 lab manual. Wilfred Laurier University, ON, Canada.” Results Table 1. Qualitative observations of sample orange juices Types of orange juice Qualitative observations Tropicana pulp free Opaque, small particles, pale yellow , cloudy solution with particles settling in solution at the bottom on beaker Minute maid Translucent, low viscosity Navel orange Medium size pulp particles, settling in solution Simple orange Opaque, pale yellow Presidents choice frozen Yellow orange colour, particle in solution, settling at the bottom Presidents choice pulp free No particles, consistent density, yellow/orange in colour Table 2. Results of titration of orange juice and iodine Trail 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Volume of orange juice (ml) 25 25 25 25 Initial volume of iodine(ml) 20.8 0.01 13.25 18.65
The Vitamin C content of fruit juice.
The Vitamin C content of fruit juice. James Banham 1/8/2008 Which type of fruit juices provides the most vitamin C? In this experiment, I will be trying to answer the question 'Which type of fruit juices provides the most vitamin C?'. To achieve this I will test the vitamin C content in four different types of juices using Dichlorophenol-indophenol (DCPIP). From the results I obtain through the experiment I will be able to see a clear outcome of which of the fruit juices contain the most Vitamin C and which contain the least. Vitamin C is ascorbic acid: The presence of ascorbate is essential for a range of important metabolic reactions in all animals and plants. It is made internally by more or less all organisms, humans being the most renowned exception. It is extensively known as the vitamin whose deficiency causes scurvy in humans. It is also widely used as a food additive. In humans, vitamin C is a highly effective antioxidant. Vitamin C deficiency, which usually causes abnormalities in bones and teeth, many citric fruits and vegetables contain large quantities of vitamin C. DCPIP (dichlorophenol-indophenol) is a blue dye which is decolourized by ascorbic acid on account of its reducing properties. DCPIP is a redox dye usually used as a monitor of the light reactions in photosynthesis as it is an electron acceptor that is blue when oxidized and colourless when
Herr Samsa Is Content
Herr Samsa Is Content Statement of Intent In 'Metamorphosis' by Franz Kafka, Gregor Samsa, the main character turns into an insect. Although many would argue that this transformation is literal, I would argue that Kafka uses it as a metaphor or some other form of symbol. If my theory is right, this metaphor is used as a means of portraying the dehumanisation and hence insanity of Gregor Samsa caused by the intense stress and demands of his daily job that he worries about so much. I also believe that Kafka uses the particular case of Gregor to represent a whole generation of workers that all fear the same fate. Herr Samsa, Gregor's father, in particular fears this and having seen what he fears most in his son, he becomes violent and aggressive towards him; eventually delivering him a slow, gradual death. To support this argument, we find out that, even before the actual transformation, Gregor behaves strangely with regards to his work; studying train timetables for example. It is for this reason that I have decided to carry on with this idea. With Gregor dying at the end of the novella, I decided to use this metaphor of dehumanisation again and apply it to another one of the workers of the same generation as Gregor's - his sister's boyfriend that she has found since the Samsa family left their home to start a new life. In order for my adaptation of Kafka's extended
