ICT in Business and Commerce
ICT -1) ICT in Business and Commerce - ICT in banking * The banking sector relies heavily on ICT For: • Telephone banking • Internet banking • ATMs • Credit/Debit cards • MICR • Direct debit • Smartcards Shopping on the Internet (E-Commerce) Advantages to the business: * Open 24/7 * By asking customers to "register", businesses can build up databases/customer profiles * People can shop without leaving home * People can search massive online databases to find exactly what they want (see the case study below) A site such as Amazon has reviews of books, CDs and video games. You can read what other people thought of the product before you buy. Amazon allows customers to listen to a sample of each track on the CD before they decide to buy Businesses have fewer overheads and these savings should be passed on to the customer. Drawbacks of Online Commerce: * Some people actually enjoy going out shopping * Security concerns (credit card fraud, bogus companies etc.) * Waiting for goods to arrive (or the wrong goods arriving) * Technological Underclass (the poorest people in society have the least access to the new technology) * Who do you complain to if you don't get good service? * Customers can't touch, feel or taste goods before they buy them * Postage and packing has to be added to the cost of goods that you buy Business to Business One
Data Protection Issues – Compliance Within Computing Organisations, The Causes, Effects and Consequences.
Project and Professional Studies Unit Data Protection Issues - Compliance Within Computing Organisations, The Causes, Effects and Consequences. Page . Introduction to the data protection bill 1998 2 .1 The Eight Principles of The Data Protection Act 2 i. Fairly and lawfully processed 2 ii. Processed for one or more limited lawful purposes 2 iii. Adequate, relevant and not excessive 2 iv. Accurate and valid and where necessary kept up to date 3 v. Personal data processed for any purpose shall not be kept longer than deemed necessary 3 vi. Processed in accordance with the data subject's rights under this Act 3 vii. Securely protected by appropriate technical and organisational measures 3 viii. Personal data will not be transferred to Countries without adequate protection 3 2. Registration For Data Protection Act 4 3. Exclusions and Exceptions 4 4. Typical Example Of Active Data Protection Environments 5 Employer/Employee Relationships 5. Enforcement Of Data Protection 5 6. Implications For System Designers 6 Protection from potential dangers 7. Implications For Customers 8 The Fear Off Online Transactions 8. Summary 9 APPENDIX THE PROBLEMS WITH DATA PROTECTION AND NEW TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLE 1 - Marks and Spencers deny security threat. 10 EXAMPLE 2 -
The purpose of legislation is to control and regulate the use of ICT
Legislation of ICT The purpose of legislation is to control and regulate the use of ICT. Different acts in result in different benefits to the end user or other people affected by the technology. Use of computer systems can be intrusive and can lead to the loss of privacy to the individual. I will show below how legislation can protect against this intrusion. There many other problems and opportunities that are presented by the use of ICT. Legislation protects people and ensures that there is no abuse by others to those investing in the technology. -Data protection act in 1998 - The Data Protection Act now covers certain types of manual records (like health records) as well as electronic records. -The Data Protection Act that was made in 1998 -Basically the data protection act is so that the wrong people don't get hold of your work that you do not want them to see. -Computer misuse act in 1990 The Computer Misuse Act 1990 is there to stop the problem of people hacking into computer systems. In the early days of hacking the problem wasn't taken very seriously, people were just mucking around, rather than as something, which could cause serious loss or problems to companies, organisations and others. With new things in technologies the issue has become more serious and legislation was introduced stop these three things: . Unauthorised access to computer material.
3E-The legislation that protects individuals and groups from the misuse of ICT
3E-The legislation that protects individuals and groups from the misuse of ICT In my prior tasks, I have written an in depth report on the enhanced development of an array of technologies which effects and have provided numerous of opportunities for everyone whether they are studying in school (like me), in employment, individuals with special particular needs or generally the whole community. Task 3A is a detailed report on the technologies I use on a daily basis. These large numbers of technology have proven to better meet my personal, social and work related needs. For instance, having access to the World Wide Web has ensured that I am able to gain efficient research for school work somewhat then going to the local library and finding a specific book which relates to the topic I am studying at school. The World Wide Web Is much easier and generally less time consuming for me. I can access the World Wide Web and retrieve ample of information that's needed for my school work rather then having to proceed with the hassle of going to the library and searching for the specific book related to the topic I may currently studying at school. The technology is available for all my needs and wants and has proven to provide exciting opportunities. Similarly, task 3B is a particularize report of the technologies Mr. Obrien uses in his everyday life. The numerous quantity of
ICT and Legislation
ICT and Legislation New laws have been made to deal with issues and problems that have come about with using ICT. These issues include: * Misuse of personal information * Health and safety * Computer Viruses * Intrusion * Fraud Without these laws these problems would be more of a major issue than they already are. These laws were made to protect people from such things as fraud where people can get access to your personal details e.g. credit card details and they can buy things off your credit card. Data protection act (1998) As computers became more advanced, cheaper and more readily available companies started using them to store data which was more efficient and more convenient, but problems arose with this new way of storing data such as: * Information could be copied or changed or seen by the wrong people * Inaccurate * Kept without permission Companies now have to ensure that all data they have is kept under certain conditions: * All information is up to date * Kept for only a relevant amount of time * Kept for only relevant and lawful purposes * Processed fairly and in accordance with the rights of the subject data * protected against loss, damage and unlawful processing Health and Safety at work act (1974) This legislation makes sure that all people at work have a safe working environment and that employer's make there workers aware of the safety
Legislation and ICT
THE DATA PROTECTION ACT (1998) THE COMPUTER MISUSE ACT (1990) COPYRIGHT, DISIGNS & PATENTS ACT (1989) HEALTH & SAFETY AT WORK ACT (1974) HEALTH & SAFETY REGULATIONS (1992) REGULATION OF INVESTIGATORY POWERS ACT (2000) The Data Protection Act (1998) The Data Protection Act (1998) came into force on 1st March 2000. It sets rules for processing personal information and applies to paper records as well as those held on computers. It was brought out because computers were getting more powerful and easy to use. Companies, government and other organisations began to use them to store large amounts of information about people, such as their customers, clients and staff details. Databases with this information can be quickly set up, searched, edited and accessed and take up less space than paper records. So company's send peoples personal data to one company to the other so that were a danger in case someone tries to access some ones personal details with out permission. The Data Protection Act has 8 principles they are; ) It must be collected and used fairly with in the law 2) It must only be held and used for the reasons given to the Information Commissioner 3) It can only be used for those registered purposes and only be disclosed to those people mentioned in the register entry. You cannot give it away or sell it
Assess the likelihood of Sid and Kenny avoiding personal liability for the debts of the company
Client Confidentiality Confidentiality is a major factor in any organisation. Every client in the organization is entitled to confidentiality. When holding information about the client three factors must be taken into consideration these are: . Seek the clients consent 2. Collect information that is only relevant to the situation 3. Keep the disclosure of the information to a minimum A right was set up called the "data protection act". It was set up to ensure the protection of peoples confidential information, and also states when the information can be used with out the clients consent. The act was set up in 1984 updated in 1998 because of technological advances. For example computer records were starting to be stored on computers. Another act was also set up regarding confidentiality is act is called the "access to health records act" this act was set up in 1990. This act makes it a legal requirement that health and social care agencies keep clients details confidential. The data act allows clients to these rights: * To see what information is held about them and correct the information if necessary. * The right to refuse or give information. * The data stored must be correct and up to date. * The data must only be kept for as long as it is needed. * The information given should not be available to unauthorised people For my work placement I went to St Marks
Effect of Legislation on the Internet
Life in the Information Age: Legislation ICT has impacted on every area of our lives, but the rate at which it expands leads to concern of its security. ICT Legislation is put in place to protect users of ICT because the internet can be accessed privately; people interact and behave differently online where they think their activities will go unnoticed. Because the internet is largely unregulated it has the potential to promote criminal activities. In the UK the last legislation against the internet was the Data Protection Act 1998. The Data Protection Act is the law that governs the processing of personal information held on living, identifiable individuals. The Act requires that you are open about your use of personal information and that you follow certain principles for processing that information. These Principles are known as the eight data protection principles. Personal Data must be; * Processed fairly and lawfully * Processed only for one or more specified and lawful purpose * Adequate, relevant and non excessive of those purposes * Accurate and kept up to date * Kept for no longer than it is necessary for the purposes it is processed * Processed in line with the rights of individuals * Secured against accidental loss, destruction or damage and against unauthorised or unlawful processing. * Not transferred to countries outside the European Economic Area.
ICT LAWS
ICT LAWS In order to preserve the confidentiality and to protect our society from the misuse of improving technology and preach of basic privacy, laws and legislations were passed: Data Protection Act 1998: This Act covers information or data store in the computer or an organised paper filing system e.g. filing cabinet or about living people. The eight principals to Data Protection Act are as following: . Must be collected and used fairly and inside the law. 2. Must only be held and used for the reasons given to the Information Commissioner. 3. Can only be used for those registered purposes and only be disclosed to those people mentioned in the register entry. You cannot give it away or sell it unless you said you would to begin with. 4. Information held must be adequate (enough), relevant and not excessive (too much) when compared with the purpose stated in the register. So you must have enough detail but not too much for the job that you are doing with the data. 5. Must be accurate and be kept up to date. There is a duty to keep it up to date, for example to change an address when people move. 6. It must not be kept longer than is necessary for the registered purpose. It is alright to keep information for certain lengths of time but not indefinitely. This rule means that it would be wrong to keep information about past customers longer than a few years at most.
Car Safety
Car Safety - By Toni Bull 10APHT This is about features that improve your concentration on the roads. Safety design and features help to protect the occupants of a vehicle from serious injury in an accident. Important safety design features are those, which will help to avoid an accident, protect the occupants in a crash and assist the performance of the driver. Maintenance of your vehicles will ensure good running order and that all safety features are functioning well. Pay particular attention to the condition of your tyres and ensure brakes are functioning correctly with brake pad replacement occurring as necessary. Vehicles should be designed with good field of vision all around and with controls that are within safe and easy reach for the driver. A vehicle designed with good handling and control can improve performance in an emergency situation. Using your vehicle's safety features correctly can decrease the chances of serious injury in an accident. Seatbelts, Airbags and Anti-Lock Braking Systems (ABS) are considered the most important safety features a vehicle can have. There are many other features that can improve safety and should be considered, depending on the operational requirements of the vehicle. Many safety features can enhance the value of a vehicle on the used car market. Seatbelts provide the most important