How dose temperature affect the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Teaching group: Priestly Subject: Chemistry Teacher: Mr M Bownass Tutor group: 10 C How dose temperature affect the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Method Aim The aim of this experiment is to find out what factors effect the rate of reaction. Also to test the theory of Maxwell and Batsman. I will investigate how temperature effect the rate of reaction but other factors that affect it will to have to be taken into account. Equation The reaction will be between the magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Below are the word and symbol equations of this reaction. magnesium + hydrochloric acid --> magnesium chloride + hydrogen Mg + HCl --> MgCl + H Preliminary Work Before staring to plan or even attempt my investigation their were three problems that needed solving. Without this my experiment would not be as fair as it with suitable solutions. The problems that I have found did not come in any set order, I will start with the easiest. This is the fact that magnesium floats in hydrochloric acid. This means that much as half of its surface area will not be in contact with the water. I have seen magnesium react before and I know that it will react quite vigaressly and this will make it move around a lot so the area of contact will change all the time. This is one of the factors that determine the rate of reaction so if it will not be constant than
How does the concentration of hydrochloric Acid affect the rate of reaction?
Phillip Harrison Chemistry Coursework - Investigation How does the concentration of hydrochloric Acid affect the rate of reaction? Hydrochloric Acid (aq) + Magnesium (s) --> Magnesium Chloride (aq) + Hydrogen (g) Factors affecting the rate of reaction There are many factors that have an affect on the rate of a chemical reaction. The speed of reaction means how fast the reactants change into the desired product. The consequence of this is that more of the products are made in a certain period of time if it has a high rate of reaction. Factors can only have two affects on a reaction making the reaction happen faster or slower depending on how it interferes with the reaction, the factors never change the outcome of the reaction, the final product. This ability to change the rate of the reaction enables us to control reactions and predict how changing variables affects the experiment. Rate of reaction = 1 _ Time Taken Reacting chemicals must either: * Collide with each other. * Collide with enough energy to break the existing bonds. The energy required to break these bonds is called the Activation Energy (EA) There are four main factors that affect reaction these are: * Temperature * Use of a catalyst * Concentration * Surface area Temperature When the temperature is increased the reactant molecules move around faster with a greater amount of
Hypothesis: some metal carbonates decompose more easily than others when they are heated.
Thermal decomposition of carbonates Introduction: Carbonates decompose when they are heated, producing calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can be detected using lime water. Calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide CaCO3 CaO + CO2 Other metal carbonates decompose in the same way. Here are the equations for the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate: copper carbonate copper oxide + carbon dioxide CuCO3 CuO + CO2 Hypothesis: some metal carbonates decompose more easily than others when they are heated. Aim: The times taken for a chemical reaction to take place metals high up in the reactivity series (such as calcium) have carbonates that take a lot of energy to decompose them. Metals low down in the reactivity series (such as copper) have carbonates that are easily composed. This is why copper carbonate is often used at school to show these reactions. It is easily decomposed and its colour change, from green copper carbonate to black copper oxide, it is easy to see. Risk Assessment Lime water Copper carbonate Spillages Bunsen burner Boiling tubes Hair General lab safety rules Can cause skin to go red or blistered. Use a pipette. Wash hands with cold water if lime water comes into contact with skin. It’s harmful. Can cause itchiness and pain. Wear goggles and take care when using it. If there is a spillage tell the teacher
Cookies experiment Aim: To find out what type of powder reacts more towards heat and therefore expanding inside a cookie mix. Prediction: Based on the research I maid I think that the powder with the least different type of carbohydrates and elements wi
Cookies experiment Aim: To find out what type of powder reacts more towards heat and therefore expanding inside a cookie mix. Prediction: Based on the research I maid I think that the powder with the least different type of carbohydrates and elements will be the one to heat up faster. When it heats up faster each grain expands much more making the cookie longer. Method: . Make the base cookie mix 2. Using the same shape cutter cut 6 cookies from the cookie mix with similar attributes. 3. Put in different containers a teaspoon of each of the following powders: sugar, coffee, cereal crumbs, chocolate milk powder and cinnamon. 4. Put one cookie sized mixes into the container with sugar and make sure the sugar is inside the cookie mix. 5. Repeat step 4 for each of the powders. 6. Place all five cookies into the oven; add an extra cookie without any powder added to it. 7. Measure each cookie's length in cm. 8. Bake for 20 minutes at 200ºC. 9. Measure the length of each cookie. Materials: • Metal and glass containers • Cookie mix • Ruler • Oven • Tea spoon • 5 different powders (sugar, coffee, cereal crumbs, chocolate milk powder and cinnamon) • Mold to cut cookie mix Variables: * Independent: The type of powder added to the cookie mix * Dependent: Change in length of cookie after being baked * Controlled: Mass of cookie mix for each
Lab report rates of reaction
LAB WRITE UP Research Question: Can the differentiation in the size of reactants such as marble chips affect rate of reaction? Can the three different solutions ( Hydrochloric acid, Nitric Acid and Sulphuric Acid) help support the conclusions being drawn up from the testing? Variables: Controlled Variables: . We should keep the same amount of calcium carbonate when re-doing a trial. 2. The same reduction in the sizes of the marble chips should be constant. For example we are starting with the biggest marble chips of area 12cm^2, then we are going to move down to a medium marble chip size of area 8cm^2 and then finally to a chip size of area 4cm^2. This should be constant. 3. The time given to check the reaction should be constant. (3 Mins ). Since we are taking a RATE, it is going to be Variable / Time. The time needs to be constant. 4. The volume of the solutions used should be kept constant at 50ml 5. The acids should also be of the same mole. 0.5 mole. If this is obstructed then concentration will play its part in the rate of reaction. Note: We should try our best to keep factors that affect the rates of reaction constant. For example temperature and pressure and concentration. This is because if they are differed they would hugely impact our results as they serve as catalysts to the reaction. So we should make sure temperature is constant, The same sizes fo
In this project I am going to investigate rates of reaction of an indigestion tablet when added to hydrochloric acid. The variable I am going to use will be the temperature of the acid.
Introduction In this project I am going to investigate rates of reaction of an indigestion tablet when added to hydrochloric acid. The variable I am going to use will be the temperature of the acid. (All background knowledge used in this project was taken from previous experience - notes and experiments from work done in year nine) What are rates of reaction? The rate of a reaction is the speed at which a reactant is turned into the product. Chemical reactions can take place at very different rates (eg. explosions, rock formations). A rate is measured as: A change in something (eg. loss of mass/mass of gas given off) Divided by The time it takes to change/disappear Rates of reactions can be measured in two different ways: * How fast reactants disappear * * How fast products appear Many factors affect rates of reaction: * Surface area The greater the surface area of a solid, the greater the area of the particles that is exposed and likely to collide with other particles, meaning more successful collisions can take place per second. Therefore reaction between acid and a finely powdered salt will take place faster than a reaction between the same acid and a lump of salt. * Concentration of solutions The rate of a reaction increases as the concentration of the solution increases. This is because there are more solute particles to collide with a fixed volume
Chemistry copper sulphate and zinc
GSCE Chemistry coursework Investigating the reaction between zinc and copper sulphate solution Theory When two substances react, one of three things can happen. The reaction might be exothermic, and produce a lot of energy for a small activation input. It might be endothermic, and absorb heat energy from the environment in order to react. They could, of course, just not react at all. Copper sulphate and zinc is what I will be investigating, and I will measure the temperature given off to record the rate of reaction. I expect that the two chemicals will produce an exothermic reaction, purely because zinc is far more reactive than copper and it will displace the copper creating heat. Method To do the experiment I will need the following equipment: * Powdered zinc * Copper sulphate solution (0.5M) * Measuring cylinder * Timer * Weighting scales * Polythene cups * Periodic table * Thermometer I will be recording the temperature given off during the experiment. I could have also measured how much copper was produced during the experiment, however this would have been very tedious and highly unpractical at this level of science I will use a polythene cup, which will give me a more accurate reading. This is because heat can be lost quickly through the sides of a glass beaker, and by using a polythene cup; I hope to cut this heat loss down. I will use 25ml of copper
Chemistry rate of reaction coursework
Chemistry Plan I am going to produce a piece of coursework investigating the rate of reaction, selecting a variable to see how this affects the rate. The rate of reaction is the rate of loss of a reactant or the rate of formation of a product. The rate is measured by dividing one by the time the reaction took to take place. There are five factors that affect the rate of reaction: Temperature Concentration (of solution) Pressure (in gases) Surface area (of solid reactants) Catalysts I have decided to investigate the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction as I feel that it is manageable to measure, will show clear results and is much more practical than the other five variables. Both the Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid are soluble in water; therefore the concentration of either can be changed. However I have chosen to vary the concentration of the Sodium Thiosulphate as it is available to me in larger amounts and is more practical for my investigation. Also whilst changing the concentration it is vital that all other variables remain consistent throughout the experiment. I will not be using room temperature as I cannot control it and this could cause improbabilities within my investigation. To counter this a water-bath will be used as I can keep the temperature at a constant. So my aim is to change the concentration in the Sodium Thiosulphate by
There are certain factors that affect the rate of reaction the four main factors are:
Rate of Reaction A rate of reaction is how slow or how fast a reaction takes place "the speed of the reaction" e.g. a slow reaction like rusting an explosion is a fast reaction. There are certain factors that affect the rate of reaction the four main factors are: Temperature: When gasses or liquids are heated the particles gain kinetic energy and move faster. The increased speed results in a higher frequency of a collision between the reactant molecules and the rate increases. Heated molecules have a greater average kinetic energy, and so at higher temperatures, a greater proportion of them have the required activation energy to react Concentration: If the concentration of a chemical increases the will be more particles within the certain space, particles will therefore collide more often and the rate of reaction also increases. Physical State If the particles are the same for e.g. Gas/Gas or Liquid/Liquid then its is easy for the particles to mix with each other, giving them a greater opportunity to collide. If the reactant is a solid the reaction can only take place on the surface of the solid. Catalyst A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up or
Chemistry: Practical Investigation
Chemistry: Practical Investigation Aim To see how varying the concentration of hydrochloric acid affects its reaction time with calcium carbonate. CaCo3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 Apparatus In this experiment I will need: Hydrochloric acid, calcium carbonate, water, conical flask, a bung with hole for tube, burette, water basin, eye protection, stopwatch. Background science "A reaction rate is the speed at which reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction. The reaction rate is given as the instantaneous rate of change for any reactant or product"1. Collision theory is the theory that atoms or molecules need to collide to react. Most, if not all, reactions also need activation energy for the reaction to occur, also orientation is needed. Factors affecting collision theory are surface area, catalysts, temperature and concentration. Surface area affects the rate of reaction because it increases the frequency of collisions as there is more to collide with, temperature affects the rate of reaction because it both increases the frequency of collisions and the energy in the collisions as it excites the atoms, while concentration affects the rate of reaction because it also increases the frequency of collisions as there are more atoms to collide into the calcium carbonate. Catalysts affect the rate of reaction by providing an alternate route with a
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