What were the roles, privileges and rights of women in both public and private live in Roman Egypt?
ROMAN EGYPT What were the roles, privileges and rights of women in both public and private live in Roman Egypt? The classical world was, by large, a male-dominated one. Women of Greece and Rome could expect to live a life almost entirely sheltered from wider society and under the fierce guardianship of a male relative for all of her life. A woman's role within this world would rarely extend beyond that of wife and mother - political, social and academic spheres were an exclusively male domain of which women played little or no part. Though viewed as a mysterious and suspicious land by Graeco-Roman eyes, we might assume that a woman's place in ancient Egypt would have been no different. Greek Historian Herodotus, writing some 400 years before the Egyptian annex by Rome, provides a colourful description and perhaps one of the most famous passages on the social quirks of Egypt as he saw it: 'Just as the Egyptians have a climate peculiar to themselves, and their river is different in its nature from all other rivers, so, too, have they instituted customs and laws contrary for the most part to those of the rest of mankind. Among them, the women buy and sell, the men stay at home and weave; and whereas in weaving all others push the woof upwards, the Egyptians push it downwards. Men carry burdens on their heads, women on their shoulders. Women pass water standing, men
Odysseus(TM) Cretan Tales as the Homecoming Tales of Other Heroes
µ???? ?? ???????: Odysseus' Cretan Tales as the Homecoming Tales of Other Heroes Francesca Haack CLAS 362-Spring 2007 Professor Beth Severy April 19, 2007 Storytelling was a central activity at banquets and parties throughout the ancient world. Professional bards and minstrels traveled, telling the stories of mythical heroes and battles. Homer emphasizes the importance of storytelling and truth in the Odyssey by writing his hero as a storyteller himself. Odysseus' most famous story is the one he tells to the Phaiakians, of course, but Homeric scholarship has not disregarded the other tales that Odysseus tells. Odysseus narrates a similar story about his supposed origins to Athena, Eumaios, Antinoös, and Penelope, in each of which he says he hails from Crete. Much scholarship has been written attempting to explain Odysseus' "Cretan tales." Particularly interesting are his motives regarding these stories: why lie? And why Crete? Scholars have proposed many different answers to these questions, but the "Cretan tales" probably derive from a large corpus of adventure myths in the ancient world. Odysseus claims the origins of three different Cretan heroes in order to declare his heroism to his particular audience while still concealing his true identity, both of which are central to his goal of killing the suitors and reclaiming his wife. Chris Emlyn-Jones points out
The Recess
A Memoir of Passion: The Recess The sentimental novel evoked an emotionally moving experience from readers who could relate to characters and situations. When Sophia Lee's novel The Recess was published in 1783, its popularity soared. Known for its feeling of suspense, dread, and terror, Sophia Lee brought about a new style of gothic literature while still incorporating the traditional aspects of the Gothic genre such as castles, abbeys, and the supernatural. A narrative Gothic tale in epistolary form, The Recess, literalizes all the conventions of the sentimental novel in which the primary fictional correspondences are exchanged between female characters, and in which the reader is inscribed, typically, as a young woman similar in age and situation to the heroine (Alliston 4). By incorporating romance and history, Lee initiates what is described as perhaps the most fully developed historical female gothic novel of its time (Wright 20). A pioneer of the genre, Sophia Lee, is not inhibited by the expectations and limitations that the form imposed on many of its later manipulators (Isaac 202). The Recess relates the fictional yet emotional tale of two sisters, Matilda and Ellinor, the daughters of Mary Queen of Scots and the Duke of Norfolk. While imprisoned, Mary and Norfolk are secretly married to evade the wrath of Elizabeth. When twin daughters are born, the threat to
What is a kletic poem? What types of relationships between humans and deities do these poems define? A kletic poem is one that
. What are some of the metaphors that the poets use for love? For war? (Be sure to cite examples that are different from the ones I have used.) How does this metaphorical language deepen our understanding of what the poets are trying to say? Considering that metaphors provide depth and inner complexity to poetry, it comes at no surprise they are so readily used in Greek lyric. Love and war, two extremes of opposite emotions, were topics often visited by several poets. Both topics, when spoken of metaphorically, provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the two. We begin to realize what associations pertaining to war or love we share or may not share with the author. Love can be described as many things, considering that there is no true definition for it. Likewise, metaphors for love vary in the same way. Ibycus, in his third poem writes, "Once again Love darts me a melting glance from under dark eyelids and by magical charms of all sorts entangles me in Aphrodite's endless nets" (pg 98, lines 1-4). The author describes love as if it were a person or an entity of some sort who glances "from under dark eyelids." Ibycus even capitalizes the "L" in love like it is a name such as Aphrodite. Anecreon writes a very similar piece which states, "...Love with the golden hair points to a girl in embroidered sandals and challenges me to play" (pg 101, poem 5, lines
What do the literary and historical texts tell us about Roman attitudes towards Egypt?
ROMAN EGYPT WHAT DO THE LITERARY AND HISTORICAL TEXTS TELL US ABOUT ROMAN ATTITUDES TOWARDS EGYPT? '...a province so difficult of access, so productive of corn, ever distracted, excitable, and restless through the superstition and licentiousness of its inhabitants, knowing nothing of laws, and unused to civil rule.' (His. 1.1) This frank commentary from Tacitus reveals only to a small extent the extreme and often negative views generated towards Egypt following its annexation under Octavian. When Mark Antony and Cleopatra were defeated at Actium in 31BC, the Roman Empire seized control of Egypt. This new province would prove to be one of its most lucrative and often difficult endeavours. Cleopatra's suicide saw the end of the Ptolemaic dynasty which had been in place for almost 300 years. Egypt would, for the first time, be governed by Roman law. It was 14 years prior to this that the young Octavian - later known as Augustus - had been handed almost total authority of Rome following the death of Julius Caesar at the hands of forty conspiring senators. His position was a tenuous one: it was the creation of such an autocracy which had resulted in the death of his great-uncle, and Octavian was sure - at least outwardly - to revive the Republican sentiments that had otherwise been lost. The military dictatorship he formed with Marcus Lepidus and Mark Antony (also
How would an Epicurean respond to Callicles argument (in Platos Gorgias) on pleasure?
How would an Epicurean respond to Callicles' argument (in Plato's Gorgias) on pleasure? Explain your answer. The Gorgias, composed in the early 4th century BC by Athenian philosopher Plato, presents us with a dialogue between Socrates and four rhetoricians, as they discuss a variety of philosophical ideas and themes including the power of art, justice and evil. Callicles, an older rhetorician, is introduced straight away in the discussion; the dialogue takes place in his house, as he takes on the role of Socrates' most fervent opponent. Devin Stauffer notes in his own discussion of the Gorgias: 'Callicles has come to be regarded, together with the likes of Thrasymachus, as one of the most vehement representatives of the moral outlook diametrically opposed to that of Socrates... he is always described as a radical critic of the restraints of Socratic moralism and rationalism.' (2002: 627-8) The subject of 'pleasure' arises towards the end of the dialogue, following a debate between the two on the nature of justice. Here, Callicles sees 'natural' justice as, quite simply, the weak being ruled by the powerful. It is only when Socrates' offers the consideration that a slave might therefore have power over his master due to superior strength that Callicles must adjust his argument. He concludes that it is the wisest - the most superior of people - who ultimately rule over
Is Narrative or Argument More Important in Lysias 1?
Is Narrative or Argument More Important in Lysias 1? It is generally understood that, in the case of forensic orations, the brilliance and persuasiveness of a speech can be measured by the effect its words have on the audience. Therefore, an assessment of the importance of narrative versus argument should be based on which element of speech is more effective in achieving this aim. Narrative, or diegesis is defined as a description of events, while the argument which typically follows provides proof, or pisteis, in the form of testimonies from witnesses, citations from law and documents, and rational explanations. However, it is often difficult to clearly distinguish between these sections of speech, especially in terms of purpose, as the narrative is often capable of sustaining the burden of proof. This is because pisteis is broader than the English word would suggest, encompassing “the related qualities of trust, trustworthiness, credence, and credibility.” As a result, my aim is to demonstrate that the most effective forms of piesteis are created through the narrative, rather than in the explicit argumentation. This is particularly true of Lysias 1, On the Murder of Eratosthenes, in which the narrative takes up over 40% of the speech. The narrative here is not only persuasive in that it possesses the quality of energeia, or vividness, but in it Lysias also
Romeo and Juliet
How Does Shakespeare Portray Juliet's Relationship With Her Parents And The Nurse? What Does This Show About The Role Of Women Of Juliet's Class In The Society That Shakespeare Describes In The Play? The play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare tells the story of two families, the Capulet's and the Montague's who are so similar that they have an everlasting feud. In the play Romeo (a Montague) and Juliet (a Capulet) fall in love. The play is tragedy as it ends with death and has strong themes of romance, secrets, anger and revenge. Before Romeo & Juliet a majority of Shakespeare's work had been comedy. I think he wrote it because he wanted to prove he could write more than comedy. I think the play was so successful because it shows everyday life in a very dramatic way and even now people think that it helps give them a different outlook on life. It is a landmark from medieval times, telling the modern world what life was like - socially and historically - at the time it was written. My essay will focus on the Capulet side of the feud, particularly between the relationship of Juliet, her parents and the nurse. I will also talk about how woman were treated in society at the time. At the start of the play Shakespeare shows the audience that Capulet seems to be very protective over Juliet, this is shown when he says 'My child is yet a stranger to the world'. I think this
4.Universal truths? Discuss the role of Greek myth in modern theory.
Universal Truths: Discuss the role of Greek Myth in Modern Theory The impact of Greek Myth on modern theory cannot be underplayed. As Williams points out, myth only came into English in the early nineteenth century; 1 yet it pervades our cultural heritage, its art and literature, and has contributed to shaping our understanding of humanity and our place in the universe. Its influence, however, has not always been positively received, as the divergent voices of the opening of Griffin's "The Mirror of Myth" reveal.2 Of these, Larkin's reaction is, of course, a response to a literature which was almost taken over by classical allusion and had thereby become increasingly elitist. It contributed to the interplay and sometimes confusion in the reading of myth as literature. Greek myth, reworked and reinterpreted in our art and literature, predominated; it had also become the muse and the construct of much of modern theory. Since its introduction Greek myth has acquired - beyond its literal meaning of a speech act and its earliest understanding of a story or a tale - a new tradition of significance reflected through its link with ritual and theories of origins. New definitions of myth recognise the concern with "creation" as Mercia Eliade states: ...It tells how something has come into existence, or how a way of behaviour, an institution, a way of working, were established; this
Analysis on Tesss Tragedy Through
Abstract Thomas Hardy is one of the most influential realistic writers in the 19th century who believes that the world is tragic and people cannot surpass the control of their destiny no matter how hard they have tried. He is deeply affected by the theory of fatalism. Most of his works pervade with his theory of "fatalism" and pessimistic emotion, especially in Tess of the d'Urbervilles. The main character Tess has been suffering from a series of coincidences and accidental events in her lifetime which lead to her downfall. This paper aims to analyze the causes of Tess's tragedy through Hardy's fatalism in order to get a better understanding of this famous masterpiece. Key words: Hardy, Fatalism, Tess, Tragedy Contents Introduction 1 2 Hardy and Fatalism 1 2.1 A General introduction to Hardy 1 2.2 Fatalism 2 2.1.1 Origin of Fatalism 2 2.1.2 Main idea of fatalism 3 2.3 Hardy's Fatalism 3 3 Influence of Fatalism on Tess's Tragedy 4 3.1 A general introduction of Tess of the d'Urbervilles 4 3.2 Fatalism Analysis in Tess of the d'Urbervilles 5 3.2.1 Hardy's Fatalism Influence on Tess of the d'Urbervilles 5 3.2.2 The causes of Tess's Tragedy 5 3.3 Influence of Hardy's Writing Style on Tess of the d'Urbervilles 7 4 Conclusion 8 Introduction Thomas Hardy was one of the most influential novelists in the Victorian era, as well as a representative of realistic writer