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Introduction

Adam Garner 11A Effects of exercise We can exercise to have different effects on the body, some long term and others short term. Exercise can affect the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the cardiovascular system, and the skeletal and muscle systems. Circulatory System Long term effects on the heart; * The heart becomes bigger and its walls become thicker * The coronary arteries become better at supplying the heart with blood * It is able to pump more blood per min which makes the heart more capable of a higher heart rate, stroke volume and minute volume. The blood and circulation; * The number of red blood cells increase to cope with the demands of carrying extra oxygen * The capillary networks in muscles start to grow and more branches are therefore able to transport more blood. ...read more.

Middle

cells are released * arteries become larger and more elastic * lower blood pressure shorter recovery times * stroke volume increases * muscles involved become stronger * lactic acid is produced Short term effects; * blood moves to surface of skin * shunting of blood to working muscle * loss of salt * sweating/water loss * adrenaline is released preparing body for action * glycogen is stored in muscles and the liver releases glucose to allow muscles to work * blood flow to unused areas is resisted * transfer of o2 and co2 becomes more efficient * oxygen is inhaled more regularly for aerobic respiration resulting in the tidal volume increasing * stroke volume increases as the heart sends out more blood per beat * fatigue in muscles, as ability to use oxygen for the production of ...read more.

Conclusion

their associated capillaries become more efficient at exchanging materials such as co2 and o2 * The muscle cells themselves use the available oxygen and more efficiently which means they can contract for longer and do more work * These two facts mean that vo2 max of the body is increased meaning that your body can transfer energy more quickly and is therefore more powerful * Muscles may or may not get bigger depending upon type of training * Tendons. Ligaments and bones get stronger to cope with the increased load. * Cartilage may increase to cope with impact * Muscle tone and flexibility will improve * Muscles will burn more fat * Muscles work for longer without tiring because they can tolerate the lactic acid better Short term effects; * Muscles tire * Lactic acid is produced ...read more.

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