In the case of Sarah it would appear that she might be suffering from a panic disorder with agoraphobia, which is characterised, by panic attacks and avoidance of open or public places
In the case of Sarah it would appear that she might be suffering from a panic disorder with agoraphobia, which is characterised, by panic attacks and avoidance of open or public places. It is categorised within the DSM-IV as suffering recurrent panic attacks and also being deeply concerned and embarrassed about any future attacks, and that these attacks are not substance induced. The agoraphobia causes Sarah to suffer severe anxiety about being in a situation that may be difficult to escape; and the anxiety attacks Sarah suffers cause her intense fear and discomfort. It begins with feelings of anxiety and then dizziness; Sarah is then consumed by the thought of either fainting or even having a heart attack meaning that she may also suffer heart palpitations or an accelerated heart rate in these attacks. Sarah resorts to preventing the risk by staying at home and avoiding the situation altogether. Panic disorder with agoraphobia differs from schizophrenia; Schizophrenia is characterized by disruption in cognition and emotion affecting the language, thought, perception, affect, and sense of self. This array of symptoms, while wide ranging, can also include psychotic manifestations, such as hearing internal voices or experiencing other sensations not connected to an obvious source (hallucinations) and assigning unusual significance or meaning to normal events or holding fixed
"The main cause of the Wall Street crash was the panic selling of shares."
The Wall Street Crash "The main cause of the Wall Street crash was the panic selling of shares." I do not agree wholly with that statement. The panic selling of shares was the immediate cause to the Wall Street crash. However, if there had not have been the panic selling of shares then there would not have been such a dramatic slump but a smaller one. America was doing well in the end of the 1920s; the boom had made half the population happy. However, now that all the people who could afford it had brought electrical goods, cars etc there was no one else left to buy the surplus products. This is called overproduction, this means that there are too many products and the market is saturated, this usually starts off a slump. The companies were then starting to do not as well, this meant a fall in the share prices. The people in the know at the time had sold their shares and then all the other people who had invested in them panicked to sell their own shares causing the Wall Street crash. In the 1920s the wealth had not been evenly split, blacks, immigrants and farmers were not doing as well, this meant that half the population could not afford to buy the new products being mass-produced causing overproduction to happen quicker, if the wealth had been evenly spread then I do still think that there would have been a crash, however, it would have been a few years later. To
Bias and Moral Panics in the News and the Effect on Policy.
Bias and Moral Panics in the News and the Effect on Policy. It can be said that the news is not objective in its reporting, and most investigations of the news media are critical, either exaggerating stories or ignoring them completely. (Roshco, 1975, p3) This report will take the assumption that there is bias in news and look at the relationship between the news media, politics and the effect this can have on the public and on policy. The importance of situating bias will be discussed in relation to who owns the media outlet and where the sources come from. The issues concerning the public that are portrayed in the media will be looked at, as Tiffen explains "News responds primarily to two main influences: The development of politically consequential controversies and the occurrence of spot news, (accidents, crimes, disasters etc)" (Tiffen, 1989, p179) The contents in the media can often raise concerns within the public sphere and this will be looked at in relation to the idea of moral panics and agenda setting. For example one area discussed is the campaign by the News of the World in 2000 that raised concern in the public about the problem of paedophilia. The importance of these issues in the media will have an effect upon the response from the Government, whether it is official statements or new policies or changes in existing policy. First it is important to have a
examine ways in which the media stimulate moral panics and create folk devils
Examine the ways in which the media stimulate moral panics and create folk devils. A moral panic is defined by Cohen as 'a condition, episode, person or group or persons emerges to become defined as a threat to societal values and interests '. In other words, a moral panic is an exaggerated reaction of fear towards a group or issue that causes panic in society, felt and reacted to by the public, media, police, and politicians etc. An example of a moral panic would be the increased fear over knife crime in Britain especially over the last few years. A folk devil is the group/issue at the heart of the panic, which are condemned, feared, labelled and/or blamed. An example of a folk devil would be youths, in relation to knife crime, terrorist, or 'mods and rockers 'established in the 1960s. These moral panics and folk devils are created and exacerbated by 'moral crusaders ', the media is most likely the biggest agency that does this. Media reports often greatly exaggerate certain and specific areas of crime or deviance that are aimed to be a moral panic, and to victimize certain groups as folk devils. It reports on, for example, the alleged rising number of knife related crimes, and how a high percentage of youths in a neighbourhood near you are carrying a knife, even if this is a fallacy. This increase in media attention brings about a what is called a deviancy amplification
Outline and assess the view that moral panics are created by the media
Outline and assess the view that moral panics are created by the media A moral panic refers to an exaggerated reaction, from the media, the police or wider public, to the activities of particular social groups. This means that activities may well be relatively trivial but have been reported in a somewhat sensationalised form in the media. These are seen as a threat to society’s norms and values. However there are frequent panics expressed in the media that do not necessarily refer to moral concerns, for example, about shortages of fuel or food safety. Cohen in 1972 identified the stages of development of a moral panic. First the media use sensational, stereotypical and exaggerated language in stories and headlines about particular event or group. This results in public anxiety, which is fuelled by influential commentators like bishops and politicians. Furthermore, this means that there is added pressures on the authorities to intervene and can lead, for example, to greater police involvement. However, Goode and Ben- Yehuda (1994) rejected Cohen’s view that a moral panic went through a series of stages. Instead they presented five elements present in a moral panic; Firstly, Concern- where there is a heightened public concern that the behaviour of a particular group is a threat to social order; Hostility- increased hostility towards a group by the media leads to
moral argument
Discuss the moral argument for the existence of God and assess the claim that the argument can be used to prove God's existence Morality, from the Latin "moralitas" meaning "proper behaviour", refers to a code of conduct held to be authoritative in matters of right and wrong. We as human beings are aware of actions as being right and wrong, obligatory and forbidden. In addition, such awareness carries with it the though that they are bound to do some things and bound to avoid doing others, i.e. if I make a promise, this creates an obligation to deliver whatever is promised. So where does this concept of morality come from? According to Dostoyevsky, "If there is no God, then everything is permissible." The moral arguments claim that God is the source of our morality, and they appeal to the existence of moral laws as evidence of His existence (from some observations about morality in the world). All moral arguments for the existence of God begin with the fact that all people recognise some form of moral code (that things or right or wrong), and work off this principle of a shared sense morality. Despite cultural differences, humans worldwide have a vague idea of what is right or wrong, which is more or less continuous spatially and temporally. In the appendix of C.S. Lewis' book The Abolition of Man, he lists various virtues that have been accepted across the ages and
Moral Laws
MORAL LAWS Every day that passes in our lives without us really knowing or understanding what did our day really contain and what makes it go on , well there are many answers if u asked such a question , and one of those answers is our moral ethics of life and how we represent it and how do we act with it . Defining Moral : The basic meaning of the word "moral" is: relating to, or capable of making the distinction between right and wrong. God's Law is the ultimate Moral Law , the Ten Commandments do just that. In a simplistic and straightforward way, they clearly make the distinction between right and wrong behavior. It focuses on specific areas of human behavior and says, "Thou shalt do this, and Thou shalt not do that." The moral law makes it very easy for us to understand how we ought to behave ourselves with ourselves and with others . When God created Adam, He created him with a moral faculty. Stated simply: Adam was created with the capacity to distinguish between behavior that is right, and behavior that is wrong. His moral faculty had the qualities of purity and uprightness. Therefore, Adam was inclined, by virtue of the moral excellence (in the image of God), to choose that which was right and agreeable with God's Moral Law. However, it must be noted this excellence was not incorruptible... that is, the possibility of it's corruption was present.
Moral Sainthood.
Tom Griffith Moral Sainthood The concept of moral sainthood quickly becomes a negative one, simply because no one can be perfect. When we hold high expectations for people, they will inevitably fail to meet these criteria for perfection. When this occurs, individuals who hold high expectations of their moral saint will experience a huge let down. Also, a mere onlooker may get the wrong idea, and value the immoral decisions that this person made, or at least view their mistake as acceptable behavior. One of the main arguments against moral sainthood is that there is a limit to how much morality we, as humans, can take. A true moral saint would carry through with their virtues to an excess. You would not be able to make a negative assessment to an immoral person, or a positive one to moral one. A true moral saint can not gain any skills, or glean any joy from non-moral events, like winning a football game, or finishing a painting. "The normal person's direct and specific desires for objects, activites, and events that conflict with the attainment of moral perfection are not simply sacrificed but removed, suppressed, or subsumed" (Wolf 350). These would be pointless attempts at folly. Moral perfection is not only impossible, it's not desirable socially. The qualities that a true moral saint would possess, if saints did exist, are qualities that are unattractive to society.
moral relativist
(2) a) Explain Moral Relativism. (33) Moral relativism is the belief that morality does not relate to any absolute standards of right or wrong, but that right and wrong depend on things such as circumstances, religion and culture. In this way moral relativists are the opposite of absolutes, which is the belief that there are standards of right and wrong that are right regardless of circumstances, religion and culture. Absolutists, such as Plato argue that moral rules should be the same for everyone, with no exceptions; they believe that what is right for one person is right for another. This is known as universalisability. Moral relativists do not believe in universalisability, they believe that no-one can judge someone else because of their actions, because nothing is always wrong, and nothing is always right, because different things are right or wrong for different people based on circumstances, religion and culture. J.L.Mackie argues in his book 'Ethics': Inventing Right and Wrong' that our morality is shaped by our society, and claims that if morality has an absolute value then it is difficult to know what form this standard will take. Although people might wish that there is an ultimate standard of right and good, there isn't one. There are many different examples of moral systems most are relativists but in different ways. Situation ethics is the theory that the
Moral Pluralism
Moral Pluralism Ralph M. Dahm SCI 361 - Environmental Issues and Ethics Dr. Theodore R. Ferguson April 16, 2005 Abstract Moral pluralism acknowledges the existence of opposing ideas and practices. Moral judgments are determined by using more than one criterion. The views of several moral ethicists are examined and considered. Topical examples are provided supporting both sides of moral pluralism as applied to environmental issues. Concerns for and affects on future generations are postulated. The view toward protecting the natural world by the public is visited. Do non-living elements of ecological systems have rights? A "prime directive" is suggested. This directive could be incorporated by the human species when interacting with the natural environment. Moral Pluralism Fournier (2005) defines moral pluralism as using more than one criterion to make moral judgments. Pluralism acknowledges the existence of opposing ideas and practices. This concept does not suggest they are equally valid. Pluralism reigns in the real-world. Humans think of the natural environment as something that exists for their benefit. Protection of the ecosystems frequently results only by regulation. Beatley (1994) embraces moral pluralism by suggesting that "no single paradigm is applicable in all circumstances". He suggests the moral approach to be applied is determined by the specific
