Ireland's Troubled History
Ireland's Troubled History Updated: April 1999 The first British involvement in Ireland began in 1169, when Anglo-Norman troops arrived at Bannow Bay in County Wexford. During the next half millennium, successive English rulers attempted to colonize the island, pitching battles to increase their holdings - moves that sparked periodic rebellion by the Irish. As the English gradually expanded their reach over the island by the 16th century, religious persecution of Catholic Irish grew - in particular after the accession of Elizabeth I, a Protestant, to the throne in 1558. Oliver Cromwell's subsequent siege of Ireland in 1649 ended with massacres of Catholics at Drogheda and Wexford and forced the resettlement of thousands, many of whom lost their homes in the struggle. By 1691, with the victory of Protestant English King William III over the Catholic forces of James II, Protestant supremacy in Ireland had become complete. Catholics in Ireland suffered greatly in the subsequent period of British occupation, enduring laws that prevented them from bearing arms, holding public office and restricting their rights to an education. While many of those rights were eventually restored, the animosity between Catholics and Protestants remained. With the passing of the Act of Union in 1800, a law that joined England and Ireland as one, the island became officially governed by London.
The borderlands
The Borderlands: 1880 - 1940 The time of change in the region called the "borderlands" occurred during the period between 1880 and 1940. The region became urbanized and ended its years of isolation from the rest of the world. In the past the region's economy was based on ranching and farming. As the region became more urbanized the economy changed. The economy did not change equally between the United States and Mexico, the United States' side of the border boomed while Mexico's side did not. The cities that did prosper in region were based on the actions of the United States. Actions that affected the cities in Mexico were Prohibition and the Great depression. Events in the United States were not the only economic factor to affect the region. The Mexican Revolution had great social and economic influence to the region. On November 10 1910, the Mexican Revolution began and did not end until President Diaz was overthrown. The United States and its border towns were heavily involved in the conflict. The fighting was mainly in the north and they need supplies. The majority of the weapons and supplies for the Revolution were brought in the United States. The border cities in the United States became the chief suppliers of guns to the Revolution. This form trade was illegal and mainly done on the Black Market. The legal trade that existed before the Revolution disappeared
How Home Rule issues shaped the views of today's Unionists and Republicans
History Coursework Question 2 How Home Rule issues shaped the views of today's Unionists and Republicans In the 1880's Stewart Parnell helped the Nationalists try to win Home Rule; he united groups together in Ireland under his own leadership in the Home Rule party. He brought in groups who recently had distrusted each other. The Nationalist movement was very well funded because the Irish Americans had raised a substantial amount of money for them. They had moved to America because of the famine in Ireland. By the 1880s the Nationalist movement had become very confident and very well organized. This policy became known as the New Departure. However hard Parnell tried Ireland did not win Home Rule, the Unionists had become on top. The Unionists opposed Home Rule and did so with great success. The British opposed Home Rule because trade between England and Ireland was extremely valuable. The greatest fear was about the message Home Rule for Ireland would send to other parts of Britain's vast worldwide empire. Unionists opposed Home Rule for different reasons, which included religious liberty, economic prosperity, preserving the United Kingdom and membership of the Empire. The supporters of Home Rule for the Unionists were the farmers, landowners, professionals, English MPs, Protestants and businessmen. There were tensions with Unionism. Unionists felt that the support for
Nazi living standards essay
On balance, the impact of Nazi policies on living standards in Germany in the years 1933-39 was unfavourable. How far do you agree with this opinion? Standard of living can be defined as the quantity and quality of goods available to the public. It could also be measured on how the standards affect people mentally and physically. In Nazi Germany between the years 1933 and 1939 the economy suffered horrendously and this meant that money was worth less and less goods were available to the public. Rearmament was the priority for the government from 1936 and Germany suffered as a result of this through lack of goods. The three main social classes in Nazi Germany were the workers, the Mittelstand and big businesses. The workers out of the three groups probably benefited from the Nazi's policies the most. There was a huge raise in the number of jobs available to the workers. This meant that more people were being taken off of the unemployment register and more people were in employment. This would have been a huge benefit for this social class because although consumer goods were not being produced as they used to, more jobs in factories regarding rearmament were available. As this amount of people had been taken off of the unemployment register this meant that less people were 'on the dole'. The average wage that people were receiving while working in the factories was ten times
Review of "Island" at the Bloomsbury Theatre in London
Theatre Review On Wednesday the 21st of May I went to see "Island" at the Bloomsbury Theatre in London. It was a play performed without dialogue and used no facial expression because all the characters wore masks. This play concerns an old woman's memories of her childhood and all the precious things that symbolised special moments in her life. The play represents the small things in life that actually mean a lot to people. As the play progresses the audience start to feel a sorry for the woman whom the play is about because there are so many deaths of people who mean a lot to her. The old woman feels lonely and lost during the play and feels like she needs to do something with her life. This leads her to her continuous thoughts about her life that has passed her by so quickly. Although she is not famous and hasn't done anything particularly magnificent in her life, many people in the audience can relate to how she feels because it is a play about the simple life of a simple woman. This space used in the play was very small. The set was plain and the costume was simple. The same set was used for many different scenes. One thing that worked really well with the set was the "keep left" sign that was used as a road sign when the scene was meant to be outside. When the play was inside the sign was turned around and used as a shelf. The set consisted of a wall a workmen's hut
Saving Private Ryan- A literary Perspective
Saving Private Ryan Essay Saving Private Ryan is about heroism, the sanctity of life and the tragedies of war. The film was made in 1998 by Steven Spielberg and is based on the true story of four brothers that are in the American Army in World War 2. The effect of desaturated colour helps to create a dark mood to the film and because it is not a happy film, the director (Spielberg) does not use strong vibrant colours. The film was completely different from any war film made previously and had a huge affect on how films in general are made today. In most films previous to Saving Private Ryan they are biased to one side and does not give the full picture. Audiences were not shown the full gore and horror of war and directors concentrated more on the heroism of a particular person or group of people. Steven Spielberg makes the scenes incredibly realistic by making the actors wear replicas of real uniforms and equipment from the time. He has also incorporated tactics and feeling to the soldiers to make the story feel more real. In the opening battle scene they use handheld cameras to make the audience feel that they are one of the soldiers on the beach and not just someone watching from the sidelines. At the beginning of the film the only thing we can hear is a military snare being played, but as the grandfather moves across the grass a violin and brass section are added. When
How far do you agree that “Palmerston always vigorously defended his countries interests?”
How far do you agree that "Palmerston always vigorously defended his countries interests?" Palmerston was a diligent believer in protecting the rights of British citizens across the world and therefore defending Britain as a nation which was reflected in his foreign policy. In 1848-49 Palmerston was more intent upon preserving the general peace than upon trying to please his party or parliament. In 1849-51, however, he won Radical applause for his denunciations of the cruelty of counterrevolutionaries; for his release of British arms to Sicilian insurgents and his later endorsement of William Ewart Gladstone's exposure of King Ferdinand's treatment of political prisoners; by his evident approval of the hostile reception given to the Austrian general Julius, Freiherr von Haynau, when he visited Britain; by his pressure on the Turks; and by his acceptance, when the defeated Hungarian patriot Lajos Kossuth visited Britain, of addresses describing the rulers of Austria and Russia in slanderous terms. Palmerston appeared to condemn anybody or anything that challended the superiority of Britain or to one extent its allies. This approach gave him great favour with the British public. This propagandist diplomacy infuriated Prince Albert and embarrassed Cabinet colleagues who, like Queen Victoria, were not kept fully informed. But Palmerston defeated Russell's intention of removing
Case Analysis - China and Japan Islands Conflict
Han Li Case study September 14, 2012 Case Study – Island conflict China and Japan have had strained relations post World War II and the islands row stands as the latest conflict between the two countries. Known in Japan as the Senkaku islands and in China and Taiwan the Diaoyu Islands, the ownership of the islands have long been disputed over hundreds of years, with incidents beginning in 1996. Historically under Chinese control, the islands were captured by Japan during Sino-Japanese War, yet no objections were raised by Chiang Kai-shek in the Treaty of San Francisco or Okinawa reversion as he relied on U.S. support. Japan’s claims lie within the same two resolutions, since the islands were returned to Japan by the United States (Q&A). With the recently discovered nearby oil fields and fishing grounds, the islands have resurfaced into the international spotlight as not only a territorial dispute but a race over scarce resources (Q&A). Each action taken by one side is immediately reciprocated with a political move from the other. Yet what rises above the superficial territorial and resource contest is political superiority and dominance of the region. In addition to the United States and Taiwan taking sides in this issue, China attempts to establish its dominance in Asia while the United States wishes to reassert its sphere of influence. Tense relations and differing
African American civil rights have come along way since the days of slavery.
Jason Szafarski 3-20-04 POL205, Spring 2004, Exam #2 (Take Home) .) African American civil rights have come along way since the days of slavery. First with the emancipation of African Americans from slavery, and in the twentieth century, from segregation. Through over 200 years of struggle African Americans have gone from slavery to full citizenship. James Madison felt it was important to concentrate on slavery seeing that it was a test for democracy in America. African Americans faced two obstacles in securing rights. The first was the constitution itself. (pg.105) It reserves important authority for the states, such as the power to determine voting eligibility, and separate powers among the three branches of government, making it difficult for national majorities to have a say in our national government. (pg.105) Emancipation changed the issue of "life and liberty" rights to those of full citizenship. Years later the fifteenth amendment was created which gave former slaves the right to vote. (pg.106) Another century would pass before African Americans could exercise this option without feeling threatened. Reconstruction after the Civil War took place from 1865-1877. During this time period slaves were emancipated (Thirteenth Amendment), granted citizenship (Fourteenth Amendment) and guaranteed the right to vote (Fifteenth Amendment). (pg.109) Barely any states
It might be a good idea if the various countries of the world would occasionally swap history books, just to see what other people are doing with the same set of facts.--- Bill Vaughan
Kevin Lewis 5/13/12 Reaction Paper Mod 4/5 “It might be a good idea if the various countries of the world would occasionally swap history books, just to see what other people are doing with the same set of facts.”--- Bill Vaughan The presidential elections will be taking place this November. When voting, people will have a wide variety of opinions on who they will be voting for. These opinions will be based on many different factors. This process of forming opinions does not just apply on a smaller scale like voting, but also on a global scale. Every nation has an opinion on specific events in history; however, these opinions will vary greatly based on who you ask. The American Revolution is taught to Americans as a heroic fight for freedom. However, other nations such as Britain and France have their own opinion on this event. In America students are taught about the founding fathers and their struggle for independence. Key events such as the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party are focused on when teaching about the Revolution. Does Great Britain learn these same things or do they simply see the American Revolution as a lost opportunity to gain territory in North America? Britain had many colonies at this time, so maybe the USA’s heroic fight for freedom was simply the loss of a colony to them. Finally, the French played a key role in the American
