First World War
THE FIRST WORLD WAR 1. WESTERN FRONT Western Front was a term used during the First and Second World Wars to describe the "contested armed frontier" between lands controlled by Germany to the East and the Allies to the West. A "contested armed frontier" during a war is called a "front". A. von Schlieffen Plan This is the plan of Germans in the WW1. They were between their two enemies, France and Russia, so they tried to find a way to avoid fighting with them at the same time. This plan is a quick knock out blow against France. It was simple but too risky. The idea was to send German army through Belgium to northern France to knock France out of the war. After defeating France in six weeks, Germany was going to send all their troops to Russia. Germany took two risks with this plan. First, they thought that England wouldn't help Belgium. And the second is they thought that Russia's army wouldn't mobilize quickly. Belgium was a neutral country but when Germany declared war on Belgium, England got into the war. With Germany's invasion of Belgium, a new country got in the war and this didn't end the war. Now that Belgium was in the game, they wanted some of the profits of war and were ready to fight until they got a fair share, just like the other countries that joined the war after. In reality, German plan was too ambitious. The fear of a two front war drove German
'To what extent was the Cold War a consequence of the Second World War?
'To what extent was the Cold War a consequence of the Second World War The Second World War "Grand Alliance" between the United States, the Soviet Union and Great Britain quickly disintegrated after the defeat of Germany and Japan. Soon after 1945 a different kind of war dominated international relations. The "Cold War" between the Soviet Union and the United States, the main contenders in this new contest for world power, lasted for decades until the late 1980s. The two powers engaged in a long and bitter competition to gain global influence, economic and strategic advantage, nuclear-weapons supremacy and ideological superiority. The two enemies never fought directly against one another - a traditional armed conflict never took place, this is the main reason for referring to this war as "cold" - nevertheless an intense armaments race started. The United States and the Soviet Union armed and supported their allies and client states, built a rival alliance network and initiated wide propaganda campaigns. To raise the hostilities there was, on the one side, Soviets' fear of a "capitalist encirclement" and, on the opposite side, Americans' suspicion against an "international communist conspiracy". Each side saw the other as aggressive and intransigent. The Cold War contest rapidly became the dominant feature of international relations. In the late 1980s a
Roosevelt and the New Deal
History Coursework Roosevelt and the New Deal . How far was Roosevelt himself responsible for his election victory in 1932? Explain your answer. In 1932, Roosevelt won the presidential election again Herbert Hoover. Roosevelt's election victory was a landslide. He won 472 electoral votes to Hoover's 59. This was a landslide victory. There are many reasons why Roosevelt won this election and also why the opposition lost it. Roosevelt was an educated, successful student at Harvard University and Columbia law school. In 1910 Roosevelt was elected to the New York Senate. As well as this, Roosevelt's abilities were brought to the attention of President Woodrow Wilson and in 1913 he appointed him as assistant secretary of the navy, a post he held for the next six years. In 1920 the Democrat candidate for president, James Cox, selected Roosevelt as his running mate. The Republican, Warren Harding, won the election by a wide margin. However, Roosevelt was considered by many to have been an effective campaigner and was picked out as a future president. With all his achievements, Roosevelt was given a good foundation of experience for his upcoming presidential election. Roosevelt was known for his strong character as he managed to achieve all his goals with his severe disability of being paralysed from the waist down by poliomyelitis. People related to him as
The Second World War 1939-45.
S.E.G. Coursework Tasks History: Syllabus B Assessment Objective 2: Analysing and Explaining the Past C.S.U. 4: The Second World War 1939-45 On the morning of December the 7th, 1941, Japan carried out a surprise attack on a U.S. naval base, Pearl Harbour, which would change the outcome of the war and the course of history forever. The first of these problems began to appear during the mid 1920s when many of the countries that had been hit-hard economically by the First World War such as Britain, France and the U.S.S.R. were beginning to recover. This spelt bad news for Japan as its apparent monopoly on trade would now have competition from these other countries as they focused on trading instead of military production. This competition for trading resources was made worse by the lack of natural resources available in Japan. The dependence on imports of raw materials such as coal and iron would mean that the Japanese economy could collapse if it were unable to find a country to trade with, who would have a need for their goods. This happened in 1929 when world trade went into a long-lasting depression as a result of the Wall Street stock market crash. The consequences of this were not good for Japan who relied so heavily upon trade as a means of gaining vital raw materials. With the recession, Japan's exports of silk become particularly hard-hit with prices falling
World War Two - The Police State
WORLD WAR TWO The Police State Nazi Germany is often described as a totalitarian state meaning that individual people were completely controlled by the Government. A Security system was set up to ensure that Nazi ideas and policies were followed and that any opposition was dealt with. The control was enforced by Heinrich Himmler - head of the Nazi Police * This was the SS a military corps which was established in 1925, Heinrich Himmler took over control in 1929. * In 1936 it took over the police force including the Gestapo, they did exactly what they wanted in Germany. * The SS had its own schools, factories and race farms, these were set up to produce 'perfect' German children. The Gestapo was set up by Hermann Goering in 1933 and then it was linked to the SS in 1936 when Reynhard Heydrich supervised it. He was one of the most ruthless of the Nazis. He worked closely with Himmler who was his superior. Most of the people of Germany did not dare to question Hitler's Authority. Any person who did would be arrested and tortured, they would often be taken late at night and punishment would be to be sent to a concentration camp, or alternatively to be executed. Anyone arrested had less than three minutes to pack clothing and say their goodbyes. The concentration camps were barbaric. The idea was that anyone who had been in one would tell others about how terrible
Women were the group most affected in USA by the impact of World War Two
Women were the group most affected in USA by the impact of World War Two WWII America entered the 2nd World War in December 1940 after the Japanese Air force attacked American war ships at Pearl Harbour in Hawaii. They fought alongside Britain and France against Nazi Germany and her allies. Although many American soldiers were injured and killed in the war, the impact on Americans back home was generally positive, as the US was too far away from Europe to suffer from bombing etc. America was far better off than it had been before. I feel that the group of people who were most affected by the impact of ww2 were Black Americans. Before the war Black Americans were extremely mistreated; they were unfairly segregated, discriminated against, under paid and had unequal rights. When the war began all Black Americans started work, at home and abroad. 1.154,720 blacks joined the armed forces to serve in segregated units. Abroad, Black soldiers suffered from racial prejudice still; they ended up doing all the menial work and suffered many insults from whites, including sometimes their commanding officers. As well as in the fighting forces, black Americans played an important part in the home front. By the end of 1944 around 2 million were working in war factories and received better wages than they had had before. As the war was being fought against Nazis, this raised the
World War Two - outline and the Home Front
World War II World War II started in 1939 and ended in 1945. World War II started because Germany attacked Poland. Adolf Hitler the leader of Germany would not stop his attack on Poland that led to Britain and France declaring war on Germany. Evacuees People expected cities to be bombed, as enemy planes tried to destroy factories. But bombs would hit homes and schools too, so children would be in danger. The government tried at the start of the war to 'empty the cities' of children and mothers. This was an 'evacuation', to protect them from air raids. The plan was put into action in September 1939. About 800,000 children left their homes. However, many returned home after a few weeks. Others stayed in the countryside for the rest of the war. Homes in World War II The plan was put into action in September 1939. About 800,000 children left their homes. However, many returned home after a few weeks. Others stayed in the countryside for the rest of the war. Many houses had windows stuck over with paper tape. In an air raid, the blast-force of a bomb exploding could shatter windows along a street. Tape across the windows stopped the glass shattering into thousands of pieces, and causing injuries. Air raids An air raid was an attack by enemy planes dropping bombs. Sirens gave warning of enemy planes. When people heard the sirens' wailing sound, they went into air raid
Why did Roosevelt win the 1932 elections?
Why did Roosevelt win the 1932 elections? The 1932 elections were held during the great depression. This was an excellent opportunity for any competitor to become a candidate and compete with Hoover. The public believed 'a monkey or a chinaman' could've beaten Hoover. Amongst many Roosevelt stood as a competitor against Hoover and Roosevelt believed in using the government to help the country. This was one of many reasons as to why Roosevelt won the elections in 1932. Due to the current events Hoover was seen to be uncaring and he was very unpopular with the public because of the way he combated the depression. In contrast to Roosevelt who was conversational and clearly promised a change for the future, this was a key skill as to why Roosevelt won the elections. The economic effects of the depression were very unpleasant and terrible affecting the prices of shares and stocks which fell rapidly, consequently marketers wanted to sell everything they had before prices dropped further. This resulted in thousands of banks becoming bankrupt, which meant the unemployment rate rose rapidly, to an extent that by 1932 a quarter of the population had become unemployed. Due to this increase in unemployment in America, the rest of the world too suffered, as international trade destructed. There was hardly anyone buying goods, and so the government wanted the country to only buy goods
Roosevelt Sources Questions
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Coursework .Source A is a speech made by Governor F. D. Roosevelt in 1930, when the Depression was really beginning to bite. He says that Central Government has a responsibility to those citizens who are in real trouble, or even starving, to help those people. Source B is another speech from Gov. Roosevelt, this time in1932, while campaigning to become President. He says that the times call for bold, sweeping changes that will involve the forgotten man at the bottom of the pyramid. He is promising to rebuild the nation, bottom up. Both these sources show that Roosevelt believed in the welfare state, in helping those not as fortunate as the higher classes, and in equality in society. This was in sharp contrast to the 'rugged individualism' policies operated by President Hoover and Congress. 2. i) In source C he says that if the situation occurred that he would have to spend more funds on the people of America he would even if it would unbalance the budget. However in source D he says that the current government is wasting money on doing such things, they didn't anticipate the dire needs and reduced earning power of the American people. In both sources he is talking about the same situation however he is clearly giving two very different answers. This may have some thing to do with the time at which these two speeches were given source C was
Was the Battleof Britain a turning point in the defeat of German in World War Two?
Was the Battle of Britain a turning point in the defeat of German in World War Two? By June 1940, Hitler had conquered six of the European Nations. Hitler offered to make peace with Britain, after deciding that he believed Britain to be in no state to fight. At the time, Britain's Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, rejected the peace offering, refusing to make any deals with Germany. This created a problem for Hitler, as his main aim was to defeat the USSR and create an empire in the East. He felt no need to be at war with Britain too. Britain prepared to fight alone against Germany, and the Battle of Britain began on the 1st of July, when German aircraft crossed the channel, and began to put their plans to destruct the RAF, into action. The Battle of Britain was an air battle, lasting through the summer of 1940. German bombers set out to attack targets in Britain, and the British planes were sent to intercept incoming Germans. Both Britain and Germany started with weaknesses. Germany had previously used Blitzkrieg tactics (lightning tactics using up-to-date technology ad military tactics. Reinforcements would then capture territory.) Britain was fighting alone, and if they lost, the USA would be vulnerable to attack. The Battle of Britain ended as the Blitz began, when in September 1940, the German Luftwaffe changed tactics, and bombed London. This essay is going to explore
