What is meant by a legal system? What does a legal system contain and what is its purpose?
Law Study 1 2004-05 Part A What is meant by a legal system? What does a legal system contain and what is its purpose? A legal system is the mechanism for creating, interpreting and enforcing the laws in a given jurisdiction. "A rule of conduct established and enforced by the authority, legislation, or custom of a given community, state, or nation", is a basic definition of law throughout the world. As citizens of a country we are bound to follow rules and regulations that our institution provides. The laws in the Britain can be segregated into three forms, Case law, Statute Laws and Common Law. The English Law is divided into two groups, Criminal Law and Civil Law. Civil law is a legal system derived from Roman law and commonly used in Europe. It is mainly contrasted against Common Law. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland all have there own legal systems, each with diverse laws and practise. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy; our constitution is what Parliament says it is whereas in the United States the constitution is based on what the Supreme Court says it is. Britain doesn't have a written constitution; it has a set of Parliamentary acts. An example of an act is the Bill of Rights which is a list of basic human rights which the state have to accept and protect, this is the nearest we have to a written constitution. Constitutional law is
Why did the USSR enter into an alliance with Germany in 1939
Historical investigation: Why did the USSR enter into an alliance with Germany in 1939? is the policy of Britain to blame? 982 words A)Topic: Why did the USSR enter into an alliance with Germany in 1939? is the policy of Britain to blame? Plan of the investigation: In spite of negotiations with Chamberlain over an Anglo-soviet alliance previous to 1939 Stalin chose to ally himself with Hitler. His decision came as a shock to many, who saw Hitler as a turncoat after his recent breaches of the Versailles treaty and unwillingness to comply with international pressures demanding his troops continued absence from Poland. The aim of this investigation is to discover the reasons for Stalins cooperation with Hitler and whether or not this alliance could have been avoided by the British. The investigation will uncover the reasons for the failure of the Anglo-Soviet talks, and Stalin's potential gains from entering either alliance, mainly documented by a transcript of the secret clause added to the non-aggression pact formed and an extract from Neville Chamberlain's personal diary. (150 words) B)Summary of evidence: . Chamberlain and the Russian talks Throughout the later part of the 1930's Hitler broke the Versailles treaty by expanding the German army rapidly. The Munich Conference of 1938, that led to the Germans reclaiming Sudetenland, made Stalin fear that the allies
Assess the reasons why the Alliance Party has always struggled in Northern Ireland politics.
Transfer-Encoding: chunked Assess the reasons why the Alliance Party has always struggled in Northern Ireland politics. [26] The Alliance Party, led by David Ford, is traditionally the centre party. They are very mildly unionist in that they believe the positions of Northern Ireland should remain unchanged unless the majority decide otherwise. They dislike labels of unionist and nationalist intensely and believe it only contributes to embedding sectarianism within NI institutions. Through all the momentous changes that have taken place in Northern Ireland politics and the major shifts that have occurred in party support, one thing has remained constant: the Alliance Party has continually struggled to survive, never mind make progress. There are many reasons why this has been so. The Alliance Party have always struggled in Northern Ireland politics, and this is partly due to the composition and workings of the assembly. Their power is often diminished in larger votes which require the majority of unionist and nationalist support. It has been very difficult to break the centrality of the border as the central issue in Northern Ireland politics. The continuation of political violence and the memories of that violence have had a polarising effect upon politics that have created unsuitable conditions for the Alliance Party. They are on such a tight policy line in the centre
Why did the first world war break out in 1914? I will be discussing the six main causes: The alliance system, imperial rivalry, arms race and naval race, the Moroccan crisis, Balkan troubles, and the assassination in Sarajevo.
Why did the First World War break out in 1914? The First World War broke out in August 1914 and had a devastating effect on several countries around central Europe. Millions were killed, cities destroyed, and people separated from their family and friends. In this essay, I will be discussing the six main causes: The alliance system, imperial rivalry, arms race and naval race, the Moroccan crisis, Balkan troubles, and the assassination in Sarajevo. I will also be asking the question, 'well would war have happened if this didn't happen', and doing my best to answer it. The most important cause, I believe is the Alliance system. This was a system of Treaty's between different countries that stated that each country would back up the other in war. Austria-Hungary, Germany and Italy had an alliance, and Great Britain, France and Russia had an alliance. The Alliance system was very delicate however, and a tiny event that would not usually mean anything could make the whole thing come crashing down with devastating effect. This tiny event, of course, did happen, and the Alliance system pulled the whole of Europe into the fighting. Without the Alliance system, I think war was less likely to happen, but even if it did, it could be resolved quicker, as there would only be two countries fighting instead of six or more. In my view, the second most important cause was the assassination
Alliance Origins and their Affect on the Outbreak of WWI.
Alliance Origins and their Affect on the Outbreak of WWI The First World War began after a complex series of events, which had distinct roots that can be found in the foreign policies of European countries' governments. It is not easy to explain how a conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia developed into a world war but it can be figured out through careful examination of the alliance systems at the outbreak of the war. Rivalries were increasing and quite evident in the twenty years preceding the war. The network of alliances had shifted the advantages of a winning war for various countries throughout this time because of the considerable number of sides changed by different countries. When it all came down to it however, it was the Central Powers consisting of Germany and Austria-Hungary against the Triple Entente consisting of France, Great Britain and Russia. The foreign policies prior to the July crisis of 1914 were most definitely conductive to the outbreak of the war and essential in the escalation of hostilities between the countries of Europe. The first chancellor of unified Germany, Bismarck, is usually held most responsible for the creation of the Triple Alliance. "Bismarck first tried an arrangement with both Austria-Hungary and Russia, but this Dreikaiserbund (Three Emperor's League) shattered on Austro-Hungarian and Russian competition in the Balkans"
To what extent is the Irish Education system meritocratic?
To what extent is the Irish Education system meritocratic? In his book 'Sociology', Anthony Giddens defines meritocracy as a system where "rewards go naturally to those who are best able to 'perform' and achieve" 1The purpose of this essay is to find out if the Irish education system is meritocratic and if so to what extent. In order for us to do this, we must be able to properly evaluate the Irish education system. It is important for us to look at the theories that could be used to analysis the system. In their book 'A Sociology of Ireland', Hillary Trovey and Perry Share list a number of theoretical bases for the study of education. Some of these are; feminist analysis, rationalization and interactionalist approach2. However for the purpose of this essay it s important for us to only look at the theoretical bases, which believe that education systems are meritocratic. The functionalist view, as described by Trovey and Share, is "based upon the notion of meritocracy: it functions to distribute jobs and social positions to individuals based on their capacity, abilities and performance"3. This description of the functionalist view is furthered be Patrick Clancy when he stated in his paper 'Socialisation, Selection and Reproduction in Education' that "the functionalist analysis suggests that the school's commitment to meritocratic principles becomes the essential mechanism by
What is an Information System/Information Technology?
Introduction The tentacles of the information age have spread in all sectors of business. It is reported that there has been more information in circulation in the last 30 years than in any previous periods before. A lot can be attributed to this dynamism but the majority of the credit will be given to the advancement in Information Technology and Information Systems. The insurance industry has not been left out in the rapid change of events, again owing to the advancement in IT/IS, especially the development of the Internet over recent years. The Internet with the advent of e-commerce has revolutionized that way business is done. Without the need for physical presence and sometimes only at the touch of a button, business transactions, financial trading and even customer service is being carried on. The internet has proven to provide efficient communication links between companies and their clients cutting down the resources spent on public relations. There has also been significant downside to the development of Information technology. For instance the speed of development of IT has created a needs to be a constant awareness of the market situation to maintain a competitive advantage. Insurance companies are greatly affected by this because a peep into the last few years shows an impressive rise in the use of internet by insurance companies in selling their policy
To what extent is the global system now multipolar?
AKASH GAJJAR To what extent is the global system now multipolar? As opposed to all the other polarities, a multipolar system is one that consists of more than two super or great powers. Middle and small powers group themselves alongside the large power or under its protection, which is usually for economic, military and ideological reasons. Multi-polarity was seen to exist up until the end of the Second World War but then it disintegrated during the Cold War period where there was a sense of real bi-polarity with the USA and the Soviet Union. However, with the rise of China and the strengthening of the EU, the global system at the present moment of time could be seen as multipolar. The global system could definitely be viewed as a multipolar system if the system is analysed from an economic perspective. With the world recession and credit crunch coming into effect in 2009 many of the traditional leading states have heavily been damaged but some have emerged with prosperity in such times and have minimally effected. The USA suffered a lot with their economy when they took a hit with their credit rating as Standard & Poor’s downgraded their credit rating from AAA to AA+. This shows that even the USA with the vast military and economic resources and probably the only one true superpower the world has seen even were not immune to the global recession. And this allowed the
Is The UK's Plurality Electoral System Fair.
Is The UK's Plurality Electoral System Fair Elections are basic to the democratic process. Free elections and a fair electoral system are said to be among the features, which distinguish liberal democracies from other forms of government.1 The fairness of the Plurality Electoral System also, known as 'first past the post' and the 'simple majority' system requires the candidate to gain a simple majority. In recent years this system has been heavily criticised for the way it distorts the relationship between seats in the Commons and votes won by the various parties. This criticism is centred around three main arguments: * the system is 'unfair', that it disproportionality discriminates in favour of the two main parties and against third parties.. * the present system encourages 'adversarial' politics and has been a major factor in Britain's economic and political decline since l945. * the electoral system puts an excessive amount of power in the hands of the government and the Prime Minister) leading to an 'elective dictatorship'. The question of electoral reform was of very minor significance in British politics until the February 1974 election, which demonstrated the over-representation of the two major parties and the under-representation the Liberals. Since then, the campaign to change has attracted support from a number of Labour politicians and it is a central part
The apparent division of the Great Powers after 1830 into two opposing ideological camps, the Liberal Alliance and the Holy Alliance, contained a potential threat to the working of the Concert of Europe
Course Essay The Congress System, which took the form of a series of congresses and diplomatic meetings held between 1818 and 1822, can be regarded as a practical expression of the rather general concept of the Concert of Europe. The Concert of Europe was an attempt to regularize the conflicting ambitions of the Great Powers in the interests of Europe as a whole. As such, its effectiveness was dependant on the willingness of all five Great Powers to show moderation in the pursuit of their individual interests. Without this, it would be impossible to reach a consensus on important issues. Although The Concert's main aim was to maintain peace, revolts in different areas of Europe such as Spain, Portugal, Belgium and France, made its peace making facilities harder to obtain due to the delicate circumstances. The struggles between constitutionalists and absolutists in Spain during the 1820's continued during the following two decades. When British troops were withdrawn from Portugal in 1827, the result was the triumph of the absolutists, who were backed by Spain, allowing Miguel to become King. In the 1830's Spain would endure a dispute, as a result of Ferdinand's death in September 1833 and his brother Don Carlos claiming the throne. As Carlos was supported by the absolutists in both Spain and Portugal, Ferdinand's widow turned to the constitutionalists for support. The French,
