Information Technology and its effects in Working practices.
Information Technology and its effects in Working practices Teleworking Introduction Information Technology has a great effect on society today, changing lives of many people in school, home and at work. I will be looking at how information technology has had a great effect in working practices. Technology has changed the lives of both employees and employers bringing both advantages and disadvantages. The topic, which I will be looking at, is teleworking and what are its advantages and disadvantages to both the employee and the employer. Teleworking Teleworking, sometimes called telecommuting, means working from home using modern technology to keep in touch with your business. Often teleworkers are based at home but they can also work from telecenters and satellite offices. Heathcote (1998) says Teleworking involves carrying out work away from the office and communicating with the employer through the use of computer and telecommunications equipment. Jobs can be relocated to places where it is more attractive, more convenient or cheaper to live. At present, teleworking is most advanced in the U.S. with only 3% of European employees engaged in teleworking along with an estimated 20 million worldwide. Predictions are that by the year 2006, the number could increase. Teleworking is facilitated by the recent rapid advances in the power of enabling technologies coupled with
The stages involved in recruiting new staff.
Vacancy When looking for a potential applicant needed for a job a workplace these are the step taken. In order starting with the first thing that would be done and the last thing done. . Recognise the need for a vacancy to be filled 2. Draw up a "Job Description" 3. Draw up a "Personal Specification" 4. Advertise the Vacancy 5. Accepting Applications 6. Short listing 7. Interviewing 8. Choosing best candidate 9. Carrying out Induction. Recognise the need for a vacancy to be filled The reason behind a vacancy needs to be filled might be due to one of the following reasons. . Someone has retired. 2. Someone has been fired or voluntarily left the job. 3. Someone is on maternity leave which is twelve months and paternity leave which is two weeks only. 4. The company/business/firm is expanding 5. There is a need for people with different skills such as web designers. 6. Someone has been promoted therefore another person will be needed to fill the vacancy. 7. Start-up of the business is another usual reason behind needing new people for the job. 8. Finally if someone is ill and need another person for cover. Job Description A job analysis can be used to create a job description. The job description will describe how a particular employee is to fit into the organisation. A job description could be used as a job indictor for applicants. Alternatively it could
SIT and Hardiness Training
Assess the extent to which SIT and hardiness training have been shown to reduce levels of stress and illness. Stress inoculation training ( SIT ) and hardiness training are two well known psychological approaches to dealing with stress and learning how to manage it in a way that severely reduces stress levels by focusing on how to deal with the stressors themselves, not just the symptoms. From this perspective, the causes of stress are dealt with first, which in turn eliminate the symptoms of stress and equips clients with the adaptable skills to deal with stress in the long term; they learn how to build resistance against the negative effects of stress while appraising stressful situations. As a method of dealing with stressors, stress inoculation training takes a problem-focused approach to coping with the causes of stress. SIT was proposed by Meichenbaum in 1985 as a form of cognitive therapy by taking the approach that anything that can be changed must not be the cause of stress, but instead the way that the person thinks and reacts to the stressors. Clients learn how to reduce the stress response which leads to coping better, by changing attitudes and feelings with positive thinking. SIT focuses on developing a way to cope with stress before problems arise, that is why it is called stress inoculation training - this is done through three phases. Firstly, during
Health, Safety and Welfare at Work
Health, Safety and Welfare at Work Health and safety in the workplace is not only the responsibility of the designated Health and Safety Officer, it is the duty of all members of staff to be responsible for the safety of everyone they may have to deal with during the working day; both their colleagues and members of the public. The Health and Safety Executive are a body whose role is to promote safety in the workplace; both by providing information to employers and their employees, and also by ensuring that rules and guidelines are adhered to in everyday practice. According to the Health and Safety Executive (or H&SE), the employer has a responsibility under law to ensure, as far as is reasonably practicable, the employee's health, safety and welfare at work. The employer's duties include: - Making the workplace safe and without risks to health - Ensuring that plant and machinery are safe and that safe systems of work are set and are followed - Ensuring articles and substances are moved, stored and used safely - Providing adequate welfare facilities - Giving the information, instruction, training and supervision necessary for health and safety It is the duty of the employer to assess the risks to the health and safety of his/her staff. This will often necessitate a vigorous and thorough inspection of the workplace, paying particular attention to any piece of
An analysis of the customer service provided by John Lewis.
Customer Service Introduction I have undertaken a 2-week work- experience in a very successful large size business organization of John Lewis. The John Lewis store is the only store, which is located in the City Centre the store is also situated in the tertiary sector. As the store is situated in the city centre this means it is accessible to the entire city. John Lewis is also seen to be known as a department store because it sells anything from clothes to electrical, home to clothes etc. also the these departments are all seen to be under one roof. The department store consists of 4 very large sized floors split up in to departments. Each floor has between 4-7 departments. The floor that I worked on was the (LG) the lower ground floor, which held 6 departments which where home-ware, toiletries, home accessories, lighting, men's clothing, gardening and home decorating. Each department specialises in each product e.g. Home decorating- paints, wallpapers, borders, etc. Lighting department- outdoor lights, bulbs, indoor lights, wall lights etc. John Lewis provides services, which are available to the customers there are: * The John Lewis account card- this helps customers do all their shopping on the account card and pay for it later. This allows the customer to pay off the payments from the purchase slowly in small or large payments. The advantage to the store
As a manager discuss what you would expect to be the results of a mismatch between delegated authority and responsibility.
As a manager discuss what you would expect to be the results of a mismatch between delegated authority and responsibility. The hallmark of good manager is effective delegation. Delegation is when a manager gives responsibility and authority to subordinates to complete a task. Effective delegation involves achieving the correct balance between effective controls of work and allowing people to complete their work in their own way. Ultimately, developing people who are more fulfilled and productive, managers too become more fulfilled and productive themselves as they learn to count on their staff, which frees up more of their time to attend to more important issues. "The best executive is the one who has sense enough to pick good men to do what he wants done, and self-restraint enough to keep from meddling with them while they do it." (1) Theodore Roosevelt. "I not only use all the brains I have, but all I can borrow." (2) Woodrow Wilson . Delegating tasks and responsibility is a vital component of management. The primary reason most managers delegate is to decrease their workload, which enables them to focus on other tasks and responsibilities. Other reasons to delegate include improved staff satisfaction, better ability to get an increased amount of work done, and faster career growth for the manager and the employee who completes the project. Not only does the manager's
Business- Unit 1, Task 2
Task 2 Business ownerships. The different types of business ownerships are: Sole trader. When only one person owns the business. They do not share the profits with anyone; a sole trader is somebody who controls his/her own business. Have unlimited liability. They can employ people to help them at work but they have sole responsibility of the business. The advantages of being a sole trader are: * Make own decisions. * Does not have to share profits. * Always know what is happening in business as they make all the decisions. * Control of business cannot be lost. * Easier to set up own business. * Little capital is needed when setting up a sole trader. * Management is simpler. * More self esteem when they own their own business. The disadvantages of being a sole trader are: * Because the business has unlimited liability is means that if the business in unsuccessful the sole trader will have to pay back all the businesses debt. * The sole trader can become extremely stressed because they are in full control of the business. * Not much time off, unless someone else takes over. Franchise When big companies are owned by sole trades. The two main parties involved are the franchisee and franchisor. The franchisor allows the franchisee to use the businesses name, product and layout in return for a share of the profits made. The advantages of being a franchise are: *
Human resource management at Singapore Airlines.
Human Resource Management at Singapore Airlines Singapore Airlines are committed to service and product innovation despite this their mission statement has not changed they still aim to seek out new ways to develop and improve their position as leaders in innovation excellence. Singapore Airlines as well as other organisations recruit for a number of reasons. The main reasons that led Singapore Airlines to maximise the quality of their service through Human Resource Management could be because of their success and rapid growth, which has occurred over the past twenty-two years. Toady Singapore airlines operate a fleet of over ninety aircrafts and own a 14.499 strong work force, which is a 3.5% increase than they had between the year 2000 and 2001. They travel across five continents linking more than one hundred destinations in more than forty countries. Other reasons include the changing jobs within the business, having to fill vacancies created by resignation, retirement, and dismissal and in many cases internal promotions. To maintain their position as a leading global corporation, Singapore Airlines are committed to recruiting and nurturing job seekers to meet their manpower needs. The recruitment process can be very expensive in terms of the resources used in the process and the cost of employing the wrong staff. It is important to select the right candidates for an
The Recruitment Process - When a business makes a decision to recruit for a vacancy, it is important that it identifies the right staff to fill the post. It would be a waste of its time, effort and money if it selected the wrong candidate.
RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION The Recruitment Process When a business makes a decision to recruit for a vacancy, it is important that it identifies the right staff to fill the post. It would be a waste of its time, effort and money if it selected the wrong candidate. This is why businesses need to be very clear about the job role and the kind of person they need. The recruitment process is this: * The decision is made whether recruitment is necessary * The job description is prepared * The personal specification is prepared * Plans are made as to haw and when to advertise * Applicants are short listed * References are requested * Candidates are invited for interviews and selection tests * The successful candidate is offered the job and signs the contract of employment There are a wide variety of reasons why organisations may need to recruit staff. These could be: * The growth of the organisations means that there is more work. * The organisation has re - structured, leaving vacancies in some areas. * Job roles have changed within them business. This could be as a result of re - structuring, or could be due to the introduction of new technology, or a response to changes in the market in which the business operates * Someone has retired, resigned, and been dismissed or suffered serious illness or death. Any of these events will leave a vacancy that the business will
This is the Hierarchal Organization of my Bakery.
This is the Hierarchal Organization of my Bakery. The fact that my business has a hierarchal organization allows it to have a clear management structure. Therefore all of the people involved with the business are more aware of the person commanding, controlling and co-ordinating them in their different areas of the business. It shows the different divisions of responsibility and who holds the most authority, basically employees are able to see who the most important person in the company is and also know what responsibilities are theirs. This makes it very easy especially for small businesses for most segments of the company to be controlled by the top of the hierarchy. On the other hand too many layers within the hierarchy can slow down the speed in which the higher parts of the hierarchy communicate with the lower parts. For instance, if decisions are made by the top managers in the business it may take a long time for news to reach the lower staff of the company. This is mostly a problem with bigger companies as the working premises may separate the higher management from the lower employees. As my business is a small business it will not be a problem for us because the business is not saturated with layers of hierarchy. Also premises will not be such a dividing factor when it comes to communication between management and shop floor workers. Management within our
