Investigation on sensors
Investigation on sensors AIM: Central London is going to have an aerial built, which is said to be the biggest in Central London. My aim is to find out the amount of wind it can withstand before falling down. To do this I shall produce my own sensor and then compare it to a company made sensor. By doing this I shall find out the percentage error of my sensor. I need to have a calibration graph so I could prepare my sensor to the actual sensor. In order to carry out this experiment I need to have a variable to compare it to. There are a number of variables I can compare it to. Below is a list of them with brief explanation: * The voltage, resistance or ammeter: As the wind shall make the motor turn the output shall be electricity being produced. From the electricity produced I can gain the readings of the voltage, resistance or ammeter. This would change with the amount of wind, which would determine how fast the motor turns, meaning how much electricity would be produced. * I could also set up an experiment measuring the same as above, voltage, resistance or ammeter, but this time I would change the distance of the fan to the motor instead of increasing the fans speed. Out of all the examples above I have decided to do the first one and compare the wind speed with the amount of voltage produced. So therefore my Calibration graph is going to consist of wind
An electronics firm wishes to introduce a range of low cost alarms. You have been asked to design and produce a prototype for further development by the firm.
Electronics Folder Problem An electronics firm wishes to introduce a range of low cost alarms. You have been asked to design and produce a prototype for further development by the firm. Possible Projects Brief I have decided to design and make a prototype low cost home burglar alarm. Research into Alarms Analysis of commercial alarms From my research into commercial alarms I have found out the following: * All alarms have more than 1 input. * All alarms sound for a time after they have been triggered. * Most alarms sound for a variable time of between 2 minutes and 20 minutes. * All alarms have a sound output of at least 98dB. * All alarms have either a delay between being switched on and being armed or they can be remotely switched on and off from outside the premises. * The better alarms have a small delay between being triggered and the siren sounding. Task Analysis 1 Task Analysis Detecting Burglars Task Analysis Warning People and making the signal last Task Analysis Getting out of the house and switching the alarm ON Task Analysis Getting into the house without sounding the alarm and switching the alarm OFF Specification My alarm circuit must do the following things: * It must sense burglars entering through the rear door. * It must sense burglars passing down the hallway. * It must sense burglars entering through the front door. * It must
Palm OS Management
Palm OS Palm OS - Table of Contents Topic Page I. Introduction...........................................................................2 II. Aim of Palm OS.......................................................................3 * Flexibility...........................................................................3 * Ease of Uses........................................................................3 * Mobility.............................................................................4 III. Power Management..................................................................4 IV. Data and File Management.........................................................5 V. Memory.................................................................................5 * Overview...........................................................................5 * Architecture.......................................................................6 * Format..............................................................................7 * Allocation..........................................................................7 VI. Process Management................................................................8 VII.
For this section of coursework I decided to undertake the task of building and testing a sensor. The sensor, which I built, was a thermocouple, I built this to take measurements of the temperature of a certain window.
Sensors Project Introduction For this section of coursework I decided to undertake the task of building and testing a sensor. The sensor, which I built, was a thermocouple, I built this to take measurements of the temperature of a certain window. Aim My aim for this experiment to find how well a window conducts heat on both the outside and inside. Also I wished to find whether there was a correlation between the temperatures of the window at different points. I thought the side of the window, which would be at a higher temperature, would be the inside. I also felt due to the rule that hot air and fluids rise, I felt that the higher up the window the higher the temperature would be. Choice of Sensor For this experiment I could have chosen another option. I could have used a bead thermistor to do this. A bead thermistor is a semi conductor, so instead of resistance increasing with temperature it decreases. I did not use this because I have had previous experiences with thermal couple and I know the behaviour of one. I know that the Thermocouple has linear response, when measuring temperature. This means if the temperature doubles the EMF generated doubles. With a thermocouple you get the temperature is measured a lot quicker than a mercury thermometer, this was another reason why I used it to so I could measure more temperatures in the same amount if time. For my
Getting On Line Without a Computer or Internet Access at Home
Getting On Line Without a Computer or Internet Access at Home Introduction In today's world, there are many resources that are available to parents on the internet. Parents can find out about child development, help for children with special needs, positive parenting, health coverage, and many other important issues about your children. Parents can also get information about jobs and job training, immigration, and government benefits. But what can parents do if you don't have a computer or internet access at home? There's an easy and free answer - your local public library! Internet Access at Public Libraries Ninety-five percent of public libraries offer free access to computers and the internet. Public library patrons use library computers to learn basic computer and Internet skills. There is no reason to worry or be embarrassed about things like cost or lack of knowledge about how to use the Internet. Use of library computers and internet services is FREE! Librarians can provide one-on-one training. This informal, personal assistance can help you learn basic computer and Internet skills while you are looking for information. Some libraries even provide formal Internet training classes or workshops on basic computer skills, word processing, or using different databases. If you read and speak only Spanish, you may be wondering whether or not it's worth
Building a Sensor to Measure Weight, using a Potential Divider and Wheatstone Bridge.
Building a Sensor to Measure Weight, using a Potential Divider and Wheatstone Bridge. Initial Ideas: Firstly I needed to have an idea of what I would have liked to investigate about sensors, whether it be to evaluate against a ready-made sensor or to build and calibrate a sensor. I decided on building and calibrating a sensor as I feel it would be more creative. Then I brainstormed a couple of ideas to build, for example measuring the speed of water by measuring the time it takes the water to fill a cup, so increasing its weight. Another idea was to build an accurate weighing device that works in two directions, the first the conventional way using gravity and the other using a pulley system to measure the upward pulling force. I chose the second idea as I felt the first idea would be to long an experiment as it involves more stages of planning. The first idea is very similar as it also measures weight, but has a different specification. In my primary thinking I realised using a potential divider to measure the weight would be accurate and make it easier to involve equipment we have been shown. The first piece of equipment I thought would be a useful item to use was the strain gauge. These measure the strain on a material, in this case a hacksaw blade. The gauge is on top of the blade and when it is bent down the resistance of the gauge increases, where it is bent up it
The aim of my project is to produce a working 'People Counter', which will display a count on a seven-segment display every time a person passes a light sensor and be able to reset the counts at the end of each match day.
Aim: As Chairman of Sculthorpe United Football Club I like to keep up to date with daily income of the club, which mostly is from gate receipts. For our little club an easy method is required for counting the attendance each match day efficiently. The aim of my project is to produce a working 'People Counter', which will display a count on a seven-segment display every time a person passes a light sensor and be able to reset the counts at the end of each match day. Research: I have split my research into three distinct basic sections to be able to determine what components to use in the form of: Firstly I must consider the possible input blocks, which will provide a pulse from its output. There are two logical methods of approaching this problem. First method: The first solution would be a light sensor that will detect the break in light from the passing person thus generating a high pulse to be fed to the process components. From the 'Systems File - Electronics education magazine', I found three possible light sensor methods using a potential divider circuit which is seen in the following page. Input devices (Light Sensors) . LDR circuit: 2. Phototransistor: 3. Photo Diode: Second Method: The second possible solution other than the light sensor potential divider circuits would be to place a switch on the floor where passers will tread. The switch will close
Developing an opacity
Developing an opacity sensor There is a huge range of different sensors in this world, designed to detect changes in temperature, size, distance and many other important factors. Their ability to do this makes them valuable for use in industry, in particular, production processes. I have chosen to develop a sensor which measures the concentration of solution, suitable for the factory production of pre-diluted fruit squashes. The sensor can control the machinery via a servo-mechanism, indicating whether more squash needs to be added. The context in which my sensor is to be used is an important consideration as it determines a suitable sensitivity and resolution. Factors to consider when designing a sensor: Sensitivity The ratio of change of output to change of input. A very sensitive sensor will give a big change of output for a small change of input. A sensor which detects very small changes of input will need to be very sensitive so these changes can be observed. Resolution The smallest change the sensor can detect in the quantity it is measuring. If you had a quantity which was displayed as 0.0076, this sensor would have quite a high resolution (depending on what it was measuring). If the last digit were fluctuating this would be the maximum resolution of the sensor as it can only just resolve a change of that magnitude - 10,000th. A cooks oven may only need a
The aim of this investigation is to build and test a sensor, and explaining the characteristic of a sensor and then designing and assembling a measurement system, and using the sensor to make a measurement.
Sensor Investigation: Aim: The aim of this investigation is to build and test a sensor, and explaining the characteristic of a sensor and then designing and assembling a measurement system, and using the sensor to make a measurement. The practical side of this was the most crucial section, to produce an idea that can be implemented into an experiment to gain measurements. I had to show initiative and independence in carrying out the experiment and investigation; this involved producing a plan deciding on resistor value and then using this idea. Also to use knowledge and understanding of physics to devise and plan experimental activities, selecting appropriate experimental techniques. This is to deduce the apparatus to use and in what way to arrange the circuit. It was also essential to demonstrate safe and skillful practical techniques; this was performed by analysing the plan then highlighting and risk assessing the situation. Moreover, I had to make observations and measurements with appropriate precision and record these methodically; hence, the method of measuring was considered such as using a voltmeter and ammeter but also the conditions on the sensor. The final part was to communicate the results of experimental activities using knowledge and understanding of physics. This will be performed and implemented in the report in the form of tables and graphs. Design
The aim of this investigation is to design, build and test a sensor.
The aim of this investigation is to design, build and test a sensor The purpose of this experiment is to involve one of the following activities:- > building and testing a sensor; > exploring the characteristics of a given sensor; > designing and putting together a system to make a measurement. When you have decided which of the following activities to partake in, you need to investigate at least three of the following qualities:- > Resolution > Response Time > Systematic Bias > Systematic Drift > Sensitivity > Random Variation Background Research An LDR (Light Dependant Resistor) is a resistor which changes its resistance based on the light falling on the resistor track, visible though the window on the top of the component (see above). They are available in different sizes, the resistances being based in catalogues on a specified measurement of light intensity called candels. They are commonly manufactured from Cadium Sulphide or Silicon. They exhibit a negative light coefficient (NLC) in that they become lower resistors when more light falls on them. This is the opposite to what would be expected of a similar component made of metal. The reason for this is that silicon is a member of group 4 in the periodic table, a semi-conductor. Symbol Credit to: http://www.snazzysigns.co.uk/frenchyelectronics/parts/ldr.html Everything has an electrical resistance, some