'It was rapid advances in technology which allowed Britain to turn the tide of the Battle of the Atlantic against Germany by mid-1943'. How far do you agree with this judgment?
'It was rapid advances in technology which allowed Britain to turn the tide of the Battle of the Atlantic against Germany by mid-1943'. How far do you agree with this judgment? The rapid advances in technology certainly played a large part in the turning of the tide against Germany, 4 major advances were made in 1942/1943; the Leigh Light, HF/DF, long range aircraft and hedgehog bombs which all contributed greatly to the effective detection and destruction of U-boats. Of course technology wasn't the only contributing factor to the turning of the tide; the appointment of Max Horton, the involvement of the USA from 1941 and axis complacency all contributed to the success of the allies in the Battle of the Atlantic. The effective advances in technology were made in late 1942; the Leigh Light which was attached to planes meant that the u-boats on the surface at night could be identified and attacked from the air; the u-boats had little warning so they couldn't submerge themselves quick enough to escape any bombs being dropped. Hedgehog bombs, which were used to destroy u-boats from ships in the Atlantic only detonated when they hit a solid object; i.e. A u-boat this development proved very effective as the hit rate rose from 7% to 25% once the Hedgehogs were introduced, again the enemy had limited time to launch a counter attack therefore the axis losses began to outweigh
The impact of the Second World War on distinguished groups of the American people
The impact of the Second World War on salient American groups of people The impact of the Second World War on the US economy The Second World War aided the withdrawal of the US from the Great Depression by facilitating the revitalisation of industry. The 1939 Cash & Carry Act boosted the US economy with instantaneous payments for War goods such as tanks and artillery, which contributed to the influx of America's financial resource. Moreover, staple industries such as coal, iron and steel were boosted by rearmament demands. In addition to the above, the government abandoned traditional policies such as laissez faire and rugged individualism, and controlled the economy centrally through organisations such as the War Production Board - they ensured that scarce resources such as tin, copper and rubber were only utilised for the war effort and consequently curtailed the production of consumer goods. They also instructed large corporations to convert to weapons manufacture in order to win lucrative contracts. As well as these industrial successes, the Second World War also revived the economy inasmuch as it ameliorated the GNP per capita of the US; the gross income of the average worker doubled and consequently increased demand and revenue in business which capacitated economic growth. Farmers also prospered since the armed forces and exports to allies provided them with a
BomberHarris and Strategic Bombing
"Was Strategic Bombing By Bomber Harris Morally Justifiable?" I am undecided as to whether or not strategic bombing by Bomber Harris was morally justifiable. To support my answer, I am going to look at who Bomber Harris was and what strategic bombing is. I am also going to look at why he chose this method and also at what he hoped to achieve by using this method before I come to my conclusion as to whether or not it is morally justifiable. During the early part of the war, Bomber Command had several commanders, however in February 1942 Air Marshal Sir Arthur Harris took over. He was to become one of the most controversial figures of World War Two. He remained Commander-in-Chief of the Bomber Command from 1942 to 1945 and was nicknamed "Bomber" by the Prime Minister, Winston Churchill. Bomber Harris is most noted for his decision to use strategic bombing in the war effort. There are two types of bombing. Namely, tactical and strategic bombing. Tactical bombing refers to to combined operations, for example the airforce supporting the infantry on the ground. Strategic bombing refers to the use of independent air power to defeat an enemy state as well as referring to the wider picture, destroying the enemy's morale being an example in this case. It was also believed that long-range bombing raids had the potential to force the enemy to surrender because the bombers would
The Importance of the Battle of Stalingrad.
The battle of stalingrad. but Stalingrad erased the largest single Army in the German arsenal from its inventory, obliterating scores of divisions and their men. It was the first time a Field Marshal went in the bag. It was the end of the Germans controlling the initiative and offensives in the East. After that, they were limited to counterattacks -- big ones, like Manstein's and Kursk, but counterattacks all the same. It had a huge impact on German morale, bringing the first cracks in the Nazi facade. After Stalingrad (and very much too late), Goebbels called for "Total War" in a Germany that was still producing Bechstein pianos. Stalingrad was part of a crescendo of Axis defeats during a 90-day period that turned the war around: Guadalcanal, New Guinea, Alamein, and the Barents Sea. I would have to say that the big point in Stalingrad was that before that battle, Nazi propaganda was about Germany's "New Order" for Europe and the world. After Stalingrad, the tone shifted. Suddenly Germany was now the defender of Western civilization against Bolshevism. Even Goebbels recognized that Germany as on the defensive after Stalingrad. The fighting in the city, from August to November 1942 costed the VI and IV Panzer German armies 150.000 casualties. On November 1942, a series of Soviet offensives started, having all possible advantages on their side and performing incredibly
The Soviet-German War 1941 - 1945.
The Soviet-German War 1941 - 1945 By Richard Overy The enormous scale of this particularly ferocious war is hard to comprehend. It started with Russia totally disadvantaged, but the turn-around was awesome, as Stalin's war machine revved into action. Richard Overy explains how the Soviets turned disaster into a victory that led to the formation of a Communist superpower. Roots of war On 22 June 1941, some three million soldiers of Germany and her allies began an attack on the Soviet Union. This war was supposed to be over in a matter of months, but it lasted for four years, and grew into the largest and most costly conflict in all history. 'The roots of the war lie in the appointment of Adolf Hitler as German chancellor in 1933.' It was here, in the vast struggle between the two dictatorships, that the German army was defeated and the outcome of World War Two was decided in favour of the Allied powers - the British Empire, the United States and the USSR. The cost to the Soviet Union was an estimated 27 million dead. The roots of the war lie in the appointment of Adolf Hitler as German chancellor in 1933. His hatred of Soviet Communism and his crude ideas of economic imperialism, expressed in the pursuit of Lebensraum ('living-space'), made the Soviet Union a natural area for Hitler's warlike ambitions. After the outbreak of war in 1939 came the added fear of Soviet
Bataan presentation.
Hollywood To 1950's Bataan presentation Today we are going to be discussing the film Bataan. We are going to be giving a quick run down of world war two. Then a more detailed description of the war of Bataan. We are going to be talking about the propaganda around the time. The Japanese and there death camps plus the success of the film and the studio. The Bataan Peninsula which was previously known as Vataan in the 1950's is located southwards from the western shores of central Luzon. Around 80% of Bataan is mountainous and hilly. Bataan has two main seasons, it is dry from November until April and wet from May to October. World War Two started in 1939 and lasted six years finishing in 1945 with over 55 million people dieing. The sides separated like this. Germany, Italy and Japan against Britain, France, USSR, China and from 1941 onwards the USA. The war started in 1939 when Britain and France declared war after Hitler invading Poland two days earlier. During 1940s ? Rationing started in the UK ? German forces overwhelmed Belgium, Holland, and France ? The British Expeditionary Force evacuated from Dunkirk ? British had victory in Battle of Britain which forced Hitler to postpone invasion plans During 1941 ? Hitler began Operation Barbarossa, which was the invasion of Russia ? Allies took Tobruk in North Africa and resisted German attacks ? Japan attacked
Describe what was in the Beveridge report
P1 In this task I have been asked to describe what was in the Beveridge report, I have also been asked to describe major legislations, institutions and acts that have been put in place In December 1942 the British government published the report on social insurance and allied services. This watershed publication was better known as the Beveridge Report- named after its author the journalist, academic and government adviser William Beverigde and would shape British government and social policy for the rest of the century. The report directed government towards the goals of fighting 'the five giant evils' of want disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness. In return for weekly contribution, the British people would be guaranteed a minimum standard of living in times of sickness, unemployment or retirement. In brief the Beveridge Report outlined the construction of the modern welfare state. The Second World War witnessed an acceleration of many trends evident in British politics and society before 1939. The war further stimulated new industries as well as reviving the old ones, and led to widespread recognition of social problems such as poverty and unemployment. The Beveridge Report, presented to Parliament and published in December 1942, contained goals far more meaningful to the average Briton than the generalities of the Atlantic Charter. It was a radical report.
Hitler and the Second World War
World History Hitler and the Second World War Achievements War Achievements Hitler's attitude to war Hitler believed four things: . That struggle is natural to human life. 2. That the highest form of struggle is war. 3. That a master race like the Germans would want more land. 4. That the obvious lands for the Germans to occupy were Poland and the Soviet Union to the east. Hitler's ideas . "War is the contribution of policy [getting what you want] by other means."-From 2. "All of nature is one struggle between strength and weakness, an eternal victory of the strong over the weak."-From a speech by Hitler in 1923 3. "War is the most natural, the most ordinary thing...War is life. All struggle is war."-From Mein Kampf 4. "We turn our eyes to the land in the East."-From Mein Kampf 5. "According to an eternal law of Nature, the right to land belongs to the one who conquers the land because there was not enough space for the growth of the population."-Adapted from Hitler's Second Book, 1928 Germany at war The Second World war fell into two parts for the Germans. During the first part Germany did well and the civilian life was not affected. During the second part Germany did badly and people at home suffered. The First Part In 1933 Germany crushed Poland in a few weeks. The Polish campaign was followed by a six-month period in which little fighting took place.
With what justification did the Nazi regime claim to have achieved an economic miracle in Germany by the end of 1938?
With what justification did the Nazi regime claim to have achieved an economic miracle in Germany by the end of 1938? The nazi economy by the end of 1938 did show some signs of a 'economic miracle' by the economy being more secure in 1938 than in earlier years "1938 GNP=105 RM billions 1935=74 RM billions". This exemplified that the German economy was achieving in this sense a 'economic miracle' because this demonstrates that the gross national product of the economy had increased. Although this is true the economy was still not what Hitler wanted it to be, he wanted "fulfilment of the task"(Hitler speech, Decree on the execution of the four year plan) which was the four year plan and this was not provided in the way that was outlined by the plan with its goals, which were mainly in production of German Raw materials but also in distribution of raw materials, the labour, agriculture production, price supervision, and foreign exchange matters. Most of the goals were undershot and by this you can tell that the German economy hadn't quite achieved the miracle that it had set out to accomplish. Hitler believed that war was "inevitable" (Hite and Hinton) so he thought that the economy should be geared mainly towards rearmament but the man in charge of the economy in 1936 was Schacht and he favoured boosting exports and not so fast a rearmament because he recognised that a
The infamous gateway of the entrance to Auschwitz.
Auschwitz Location: Oswiecim, Poland. Established: May 26th1940. When was it destroyed: January 27th, 1945, by the Soviet Army. Estimated number killed: 2,1 to 2,5 million (This estimated number of death is considered by historians as a strict minimum. The real number of deaths is unknown but probably much higher, maybe 4 million.) Sub-camps: 51 The Auschwitz complex was divided in three major camps: Auschwitz I main camp or Stammlager; Auschwitz II, or Birkenau, Auschwitz III or Monowitz. There were up to seven gas chambers using Zyklon-B poison gas and three crematoria in each camp. Auschwitz II included a camp for new arrivals and those to be sent on to labour elsewhere. Auschwitz III provided slave labour for a major industrial plant run by I G Farben for producing synthetic rubber. The highest number of inmates in the camp at one time, including sub-camps was 155,000. The function of the camp was initially to intimidate Poles and prevent resistance to German rule. It was also perceived as a cornerstone of the policy to re-colonize Upper Silesia, which had once been a German region, with 'pure Aryans'. On April 27th, Himmler ordered construction of the camp. In May 1940, Poles were evicted from the vicinity of the barracks (most of them were executed), and a work crew comprising concentration camp prisoners was sent from Sachsenhausen. The first
