How useful are sources A, B, C in explaining why the U.S.A. involved in Vietnam?Source A is a quote from the U.S. President Johnson to the American public in 1965.

How useful are sources A, B, C in explaining why the U.S.A. involved in Vietnam? After WW2 Vietnam was separated into the communist north, and the democratic south governed by the corrupt American supported leader Diem. Americas initial aim was to prevent communism spreading, particularly from North Vietnam. A guerrilla army emerged who were sympathetic to the communist beliefs of North Vietnam called the Vietcong and were lead by Ho Chi Minh. In this coursework I intend to assess the usefulness of three sources related to the war in Vietnam. Source A is a quote from the U.S. President Johnson to the American public in 1965. The President is speaking one month after 'operation rolling thunder' and is trying to justify to the public the reasons why America is in Vietnam. One of the most interesting things about this source is that the President does not once directly mention communism or the domino theory although he does make references to communism and the Truman Doctrine, he says 'We fight in Vietnam because we have a promise to keep'. Here he is talking about the Truman Doctrine but he is twisting it to make it sound heroic and dutiful. 'Our objective is the independence of South Vietnam and the freedom of their people'. The President is telling the American people that he intends to help the Vietnamese and give them their freedom he is giving the impression that America

  • Word count: 1398
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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The Warren Commission

In this essay I will discuss the conclusions of the Warren report and evidence which supports the statement, "President Kennedy was murdered by a single gunman Lee Harvey Oswald, using a Mannlicher-Carcano rifle." The Warren report states that President Kennedy was killed by a lone assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald who shot three shots from the Texas School Book Depositary using his Mannlicher-Carcano rifle. The evidence that supports that Oswald killed President Kennedy is the palm print found on the Texas School Book Depositary's sixth floor, the ownership of the murder weapon and the psychological state of Oswald. In this essay I will also discuss the evidence that doesn't support the above statement. The evidence to prove this is the Zapruder film, the condition of the murder weapon and different conspiracy theories. This essay will provide a detailed conclusion on the assassination of President John F. Kennedy with final words on the assassin. The Warren Commission states that Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated President John F. Kennedy using a Mannlicher-Carcano. The Warren report found evidence to support the statement mentioned above. A handmade wrapping paper bag had been found in the southeast corner of the sixth floor, this was not a standard bag and could not have been found in a shop. This bag had been made for a particular purpose since it was the right size to

  • Word count: 1595
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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"The New Frontier failed to deliver the social and economic reform that Kennedy promised". Assess the validity of the statement.

"THE NEW FRONTIER FAILED TO DELIVER THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC REFORM THAT JFK PROMISED." ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT. I would suggest that Kennedy, overall, did fail in achieving his aims concerning social and economic reform in the US during his presidency. This was due in part to his extremely thin party majority in Congress, the opposition from Southern Democrats amongst his party who were opposed to the Civil Rights Movement, and Kennedy's preoccupation with foreign policy such as the Cold War and Cuban crises. Kennedy aimed to access "uncharted areas of science and space, unsolved problems of peace and war, unconquered problems of ignorance and prejudice, unanswered questions of poverty", and I would suggest that these aims were not achieved. Firstly, Kennedy enjoyed mixed success concerning social reform. Kennedy had aimed to reduce the proportion of Americans living below the poverty line (this being defined at the time as a family of four Americans living on an income of under $3000 per annum). In order to combat this, Kennedy successfully increased the minimum wage for previously covered workers to $1.15 an hour effective September 1961 and to $1.25 an hour in September 1963. Kennedy also reduced unemployment from 6.69% to 5.57%i through the Manpower Development and Training Act 1962, which aimed to retrain workers made redundant through technological

  • Word count: 941
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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JFK's Impact on the Presidency

JFK'S IMPACT ON THE PRESIDENCY John F. Kennedy is one of the most popular presidents in the history of the United States. Like every other president, Kennedy affected and impacted the executive office despite only being in the position for two years. John F. Kennedy is responsible for the introduction of the "personal presidency". Kennedy's stance on foreign policy and the decisions he made in regard to other nations greatly impacted the presidency. Another impact that Kennedy had on the office of the presidency, as well as society as a whole, was his public assassination. Kennedy's use of television, the way he handled his campaign and his governing style were all aspects of his personalization of the office. Although Kennedy was not the first president to appear on television, "it was under and because of Kennedy that television became an essential determinant-probably the essential determinant-of a president's ability to lead the nation" (Milkis & Nelson, 2007). Kennedy's principal forum for reaching the public was the press conference. He was the first president to allow the press conferences to be televised live and without restriction, realizing that the live interview process could be a good way to address the nation. Kennedy's use of his family to manage his campaigns for office and his appointments of family members to positions in the White House Office

  • Word count: 666
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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Youth Culture and the New Left of the 1960s

Youth Culture and the New Left of the 1960s A Rebellion of Youth Many historians describe youth culture of the unturbulent 1950s as a precursor of the openly turbulent 1960s. In this view, the cultural contradictions of the 1950s,and the struggles that grew out of them,were the first shock waves of the countercultural earthquake that shook mainstream American society in the 1960s. Teen films(like James Dean´s "Rebel without a cause") and rock'n'roll musicians (like Elvis Presley) served as oppositional benchmarks for the emerging counterculture. The rebelliousness in Presley´s music and in several teen films attracted the restless youth of the 50s. The more adults condemned rock'n'roll music, the more teenagers loved it. The teens elevated the characters played by James Dean("Rebel Without a Course") or Marlon Barndo("The Wild One") to cult status, because for their overturning of respectable society´s morels. The Beats (Beatnik Society) A group of nonconformist writers known as the Beats expressed a more fundamental revolt against middleclass society. In such works as Allen Ginsberg's Howl (1956) and Jack Kerouac's On the Road (1957), the Beats despised the competition and materialism of the fifties corporate world and derided the and derided at the "square" America. Kerouac described it as "rows of well-to-do houses with lawns and television sets in each living

  • Word count: 957
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Media Studies
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Dead funny by Terry Johnson - Plot and sub-plot.

DEAD FUNNY by Terry Johnson Exploration Notes Ahmed Rashid Plot and Sub-plot The story of dead funny is based on two married, middle-aged couples and their friend Brian, who they know through the dead funny society, which honours dead comedians. This society is a common interest to them all, except consultant obstetrician and chairman of the society, Richard's wife, Eleanor, who is most proud not to be a member. During the play, they all have their different problems and a story to tell, and discover that comedy is a serious business and that tragedy is to be laughed at. The play begins in Richard and Eleanor's living room; with Richard arriving later than expected from work, boasting tickets to see Norman Wisdom, much to Eleanor's disregard and indifference. She is too busy worrying about the fact that it's Wednesday evening, which they've put aside for time spending alone together to get their sex life back on track. Their sex counsellor, Miriam, isn't helping matters. Despite Richard's pleas and attempts to avoid it, they end up taking Miriam's advice and begin to enter into some foreplay, before being interrupted by Brian with the news of Benny Hill's death, which comes as a shock to himself and to Richard but of no significance to Eleanor. They arrange a meeting in remembrance for all members of the society, on the following Wednesday. Brian leaves after a bit of

  • Word count: 1090
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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Theories on the John F. Kennedy Assassination

Cody Davis Mr. Post Criminal Justice December 2009 The John F. Kennedy Assassination Everyone who was alive at the time knew exactly what they were doing when tragedy stuck the world in 1963. They knew where they were when the 35th Presidents of the United States, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, was shot and killed. John F. Kennedy died at about 12:30 p.m. on Friday, November 22, 1963 in Dallas, Texas. According to the Warren Commissions “extensive” report, a lone gunman, Lee Harvey Oswald, killed Kennedy. Oswald was have said to have shot the president from the 6th floor of the Texas Book Depository. The Nation was then shocked again when the accused killer himself was murdered. A man by the name of Jack Ruby had shot Oswald when he was being transferred to a Dallas prison. The death and aftermath of John F. Kennedy has been and most likely always will be an extremely controversial topic. Certain elements of the murder still remain a mystery and have kept book writers and TV/movie producers very busy. Hundred of books, movies, and TV episodes have been dedicated to the assassination allow people to voice their opinions on the murder, for or against the conspiracy theories. The fact that the government could possibly be hiding something from the public infuriated the nation but also added a lot of interest through curiosity. Assuming that you already know that basics of

  • Word count: 1231
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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The Vietnam conflict - "Our objective is to create conditions for a favorable settlement by demonstrating to the Viet Cong that the odds are against their winning."

"Our objective is to create conditions for a favorable settlement by demonstrating to the Viet Cong that the odds are against their winning." This quote, taken from a report by LBJ's top advisor, Robert McNamara, sums up the intentions of the executive branch during the debates over whether or not to escalate the Vietnam conflict. In 1965, President Lyndon Johnson was faced with the monumental decision of either pulling out of Vietnam, or escalating the conflict with air strikes against North Vietnam. From the various research I have conducted I will explore and try to understand why he made his decision. To do this I will present the background information of this conflict and the events leading up to his decision. The conflict in Vietnam began long before the first American advisors ever touched Vietnam soil. After the Japanese occupation that occurred during World War II ended, Vietnam was in a state of limbo. The rest of the world was quickly becoming aligned with one of the two super powers that were forming the Bi-polar system and Vietnam was not to be left out. After an attempted democratic government was ineffective, the French tried to regain control of their former colony and this resulted in the Indo-China war. Quoting from the Vietnamese declaration of Independence, which was written in 1945, some of the reasons for Vietnamese independence became

  • Word count: 2971
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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Hilton Hotel and a B&B analysed

Introduction Hilton Hotels Corporation is recognised as one of the leading global hospitality companies. Hilton Hotels Corporation is also renowned for providing guests and customers with the finest, most exclusive accommodation and service anywhere in the world and brings value for business or leisure. Hilton Hotels offer guests the widest possible variety of hotels, including city centre hotels, convention properties, all-suite hotels, extended stay, mid-priced focused service, destination resorts, vacation ownership and airport hotels. Hilton Hotels Corporation offer products and services such as Hilton Weddings, Hilton Meetings, its very own café, Caffè Cino, Hilton Hen & Stag Weekends, Hilton Bars, Room Service, Hilton Breakfast, Hilton Executive Floor & Lounge for busy executives and finally, Hilton Connections, which offers high-speed Internet & Wi-Fi access as well as state-of-the-art technology in conference and business suites. Hilton Hotels Corporation has many different brands that its runs under. These include Hilton Hotels, Conrad Hotels, Doubletree, Embassy Suites Hotels, Hampton Inn, Hampton Inn & Suites, Hilton Garden Inn, Hilton Grand Vacations Company, Homewood Suites by Hilton, The Waldorf-Astoria Collection, Hilton HHonors & LivingWell Health Clubs. Hilton also works with other companies in order to provide the best service available. Their partners

  • Word count: 6966
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Business Studies
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How far did the "American dream" as defined by president Kennedy and Johnson shatter between 1960 and 1968?

How far did the "American dream" as defined by president Kennedy and Johnson shatter between 1960 and 1968? The word dream is defined as "to have an ambition" in answering this question and thinking of what were the dreams of president Kennedy and Johnson I define their dreams and begin to evaluate the events from 1960 to 1968 and whether the presidents achieved their dream or was it "shattered". President Kennedy was born into a large family, he went to private schools and then went on to graduate at Harvard University. President Kennedy's dream was anti communism, economic growth and civil rights. President Johnson's dream was to educate the young, medical care and to abolish poverty. President Kennedy's dream shattered between 1960 and 1968 due to the events occurring in those years. The Bay of Pigs event was an important factor which also taken in to account when saying the "American dream" shattered .The bay of pigs event occurred in 1961 Kennedy opposed Fidel Castro's regime as there seemed to be more and more communism taking place in Cuba which threw a huge threat over America. Although Kennedy wasn't successful in his attempt to overthrow the regime, the force he had sent in were captured and few. This didn't do Kennedy any favours as he was the new president and attacking a neighbouring country with incorrect intelligence wasn't a great move. As Fidel Castro's

  • Word count: 979
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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