“How significant was Bismarck in securing the unification of Germany 1862 – 1871?”
Year 12 AS Coursework Bismarck and the Unification of Germany c. 1848 - 71 Question 2 (50 marks) "How significant was Bismarck in securing the unification of Germany 1862 - 1871?" To credit Otto von Bismarck with uniting Germany throughout the period of 1862 to 1871 seems absurd, given his "contempt for nationalism and liberalism"(i). However, there are several perspectives on which a historian can view the events leading up to the eventual unification of Germany, all with differing attitudes towards exactly how attributable Bismarck was for the unification of the German states. The focus of this essay is, bearing all of these viewpoints in mind, to analyse Bismarck's motives and intentions behind his decisions from 1862 to 1871 as well as other factors, and to present them from the differing viewpoints with the intention of assessing the importance of his contribution to the eventual unification of Germany. The Bismarckian interpretation is one mostly advocated by modern historians such as Gall and Craig, Bismarck in his memoirs of 1890, and also by statements made by ministers of the time: Disraeli was told by Bismarck of his plans to "attack Denmark in order to get Schleswig-Holstein; he will put Austria out of the confederation." This suggestion of a pre-planned agenda would have begun with the intervention of Prussia in the Polish revolt. Poland was partitioned
Gulliver’s Travels by Joseph Zere.
Gulliver's Travels by Joseph Zere My first example of satire is in Lilliput when Gulliver was invited to a entertainment feast. But when Gulliver arrives at the feast, he gradually discovers that its not only an entertainment feast, but it is an job applicants who will dance on the tight rope. Who ever dance the highest on the tight rope will get a very good job. This is absurd because to get a good pay job, you need to have qualifications, familiarity and the experience to do the job. I know of all this, because in page 32 it says 'when a great office is vacant by either dead or disgrace, 5 or 6 candidates petition the emperor to entertain his majesty and the court with a dance on the rope, and whoever jumps the highest without falling succeeds in the office'. This is not fair, because you need to be educated, not be a good dancer. So Jonathan Swift is translating it based to London, he is trying to put out that you don't need merit to get a well-paid job; you could get it for daft reasons. Like if you had friends in power, through favouritism, so getting a job wasn't based on merit, it was based on silly, childish ways. In fact people at the time (18th century) were incompetent people and didn't know how to their jobs, especially in politics. Jobs were allocated on the ground of tradition and family. Luckily and rightfully civil exams came in, and it was a big change, but
In what ways does education effect social changes between one generation and the next?
In what ways does education effect social changes between one generation and the next? It is the opinion of functionalist sociologist Emille Durkheim that , "Education is the acquisition of knowledge and the learning of skills. It often helps to shape beliefs and moral values." In the contemporary Uk it is more than a little apparent that education is arguably the main tool that helps to allow the transformation of social changes to be made from one generation to the next. It has been suggested that the educational system highlight changes in society due to the fact that it is society which sets theses norms and values which are reproduced in the educational institution. Society attempts to reproduce common values, norms and beliefs through the form of education. Yet as we are aware in a contemporary society, education has taken many different forms- form formal to non formal it is the belief that in today's changing society, regardless of ages, gender or ethnicity, regardless of social class there is a type of education which credits you with desirable skills for future employees. Rising figures highlighting the amount of people opting to stay in higher education have shown that in this contemporary UK, higher education has become more easily accessible and a more desirable choice. According to statistics produced by the university and College Admissions Service
Trust in the Press is essential in an ever changing society. Not only must the Press be trusted but it must be believed and must behave in an ethical manner. But what constitutes an ethical manner? Laws might be set
"Trust in the Press is essential in an ever changing society. Not only must the Press be trusted but it must be believed and must behave in an ethical manner. But what constitutes "an ethical manner"? Laws might be set to achieve certain outcomes and may not necessarily be ethical. What is legal and demanded by law may not be considered ethical from a journalistic point of view. With respect to your personal point of view of the above, discuss what you believe journalists have to do to maintain the trust and respect of the public. The historian Thomas Babington Macaulay introduced the notion of the media as the Fourth Estate; the role of a watchdog that checks on abuses of power by government and professionals.1 Lord Hutchinson, QC defence council for the ABC Case regarding the Official Secrets Act 1989, said it is the task of the press to examine, probe, question and find out if there are mistakes to embarrass the government.2 With such a role of responsibility, it is vital that the public trust what the press tell them. Codes and laws are in place to make sure journalists act as a collective conscience.3 In practice this is difficult as individual consciences come into play, along with the obstacles of time, money and competition that face journalists in their profession. One common rule among journalists is to never reveal your sources. If you do, your career will be
Account for the emergence of the Labour Party and discuss its fluctuating fortunes upto 1914
Account for the emergence of the Labour Party and discuss its fluctuating fortunes upto 1914 It is an oversimplification to talk about the rise of the Labour Party as if it were a single homogeneous body. In fact it was an amalgamtion of three different socialist groups - the Social Democrat Federation, the Fabian Society, and the Independent Labour Party - with some trade unions. Although these groups were all described as socialist, their aims and methods were not always the same; the word 'socialist' meant different things to different people. `Basically the origins of the party lay in the poor social conditions and the poverty of the last quarter of the nineteenth century. At least 30 per cent of the working class were living close to starvation level, the agricultural and industrial depressions worsened the situation, bringing unemployment and irregular employment. Often wages were so low that families were living in dire poverty even when the breadwinner was in full-time employment. Many people were becoming disturbed at the striking contrast between this poverty and the comfortable existence enjoyed by the upper and middle classes. `"Progress and Poverty", a book by an American economist, Henry George (published in Britain in 1881) focused attention on the tremendous contrasts of wealth and poverty. George blamed the problems on the greed of the landowners, and
How can you create a successful International team-1
How Can You Make a Successful International Team? Submitted By: Mr. Vishal Saran Student Id: 0716714 Programme: MBA'08-09 Date: 25/02/2008 Table of Contents Topic Page . Introduction 2 2. Importance of Teamwork 3 3. How Teams and Groups Operate 4 4. How to Build a Good Team 5 5. Stages of Group Development 7 6. Working in International Teams 8 7. Bibliography and References 10 Introduction What is a group or a team? Although different authors may have a different definition of group from one another, a more basic and general definition as per the Oxford Dictionary could be as follows: A group may be defined as a number of people gathered or classed together. A team may be defined as two or more people working together to achieve a common goal. Since, there is but a very slight difference between the meanings of the two terms, we will be using them interchangeably. Marion Hampton (1999, p.113) informs about the symbolic and practical aspects of groups: "Groups embody many important cultural values of Western society: teamwork, co-operation, a collective that is greater than the sum of its parts, informality, egalitarianism and even the indispensability of the individual member. Groups are seen as having a motivating, inspiring influence on the individual, drawing the best out of him or herself as a detached
The impact change has on people/the organisation
Principles of Management BCD 1H07 Managing Change Assignment Word count: 1901 By Student: **** Contents: * What is change? * The impact change has on people/the organisation. * Charles Handy opinion of managing change. * What a manager can do in the face of change. * A manager's responsibility during times of change. What is change? More and more organisations today face a dynamic and changing environment. This in turn is requiring these organisations to adapt. "Change or die!" is the rallying cry among today's managers worldwide. Change is when something different happens, and there are two types of change, small and organisational (large). Small changes such as adding a new person, modifying a program, etc. are fairly easy to manage. Organisational change, as in regard to organisation-wide change is much harder. Examples of organization-wide change might include a change in mission, restructuring operations (e.g. restructuring to self-managed teams, layoffs, etc.), new technologies, mergers, major collaborations, new programs such as Total Quality Management, re-engineering, etc. Usually organisational change is forced by some major outside driving force, e.g. substantial cuts in funding, dealing with new markets/clients, need for dramatic increases in productivity/services, etc. Typically, organizations must undertake organisation-wide change to evolve to a
"The great success of out of town shopping centres like Meadowhall has been because they are much better for both shoppers and retailers than traditional shopping centres like Sheffield CBD. Do you agree?"
Introduction Out of town shopping centres such as Meadowhall are very recent creations and did not exist 20 years ago. These shopping centres are usually built near main roads such as motorways as they are easy to access. Shopping centres such as Meadowhall are either built on Greenfield (building on farmland) or Brownfield (building on derelict industrial land) sites as the land is cheap and there is plenty of space for future expansion and car parking. As the land is cheap it allows individual shops to use large areas of floor space. (E.g. Debenhams) Meadowhall is situated next to the M1 motorway at junction 34, between Sheffield and Rotherham. It lies on the Sheffield Supertram route, in the shadow of the Tinsley viaduct. It is situated approximately 3 miles north east of Sheffield city centre. Until 24 February 1984, the land on which Meadowhall stands was occupied by a steelworks when the steelworks closed the land lay derelict until construction of meadowhall began in June 1988. Meadowhall was opened on September 4th 1990. It needed 2,000,000 bricks, 10 miles of drainage pipes, 10,000 tons of steel, 98,000M³ of concrete and 21,000 panes of glass to give meadowhall its spectacular look it has today. Meadowhall's 270 shops created thousands of new jobs and attracted thousands of visitors from many surrounding towns and cities. In fact in the first year there were a
Citizen Participation in Technological Risk Management Decision.
Citizen Participation in Technological Risk Management Decision From theory to application Recently the need of citizen direct engagement has become more crucial than ever. Citizen engagement is seen as a means to involve the public in government decision-making. Obstacles exist, however, in the form of resource availability, and in the lack of confidence exhibited by citizens in governments today. Specific to communication based on science is the fact that the public no longer regards science advice as "certain" and on the other hand experts do not evaluate citizens' opinion as they think that the public may not understand mathematical probabilities. As a result, the public and regulators commonly arrive at different understandings of risk (Fiorino, 1989). The food crisis in the UK has provided an important message to governments worldwide about the necessity of public participation. One of the challenges of implementing this philosophy is the need for a culture shift that embraces the concepts of openness, responsiveness, public perception, trust, participation and ethical issues at an early stage (Renn and Webler, 1995). Participatory processes should combine technical expertise, rational decision making and public values and preferences (Renn et al, 1997). Thus, risk communication goals should reflect a two-way exchange of information leading to a common approach to
Market, Segmentation and Target Groups.
Principles of Marketing School of Management Alex Kostadinov mnf309 Market, Segmentation and Target Groups. The fundamental areas to be covered are: Defining a market Euro-Ind.Equip.UK ltd operates in. Defining/detailing market segmentation and the targeted consumer groups. This will involve an overview of choice of potential bases for segmentation, selection, strategy and positioning. An in-depth look into the composition of the market and the chosen company. Euro Industrial Equipment UK Ltd is a small company based in the Manchester area, employing just a few people, specialises in various hydraulic equipment, acting as a sole representative for a large manufacturer M&S Hydraulics from an Eastern block country. Distributes hydraulics within the UK and exports to other parts of the world mainly S.Ireland and S. Africa. EuroInd if not bound to buy products from M&S and is free to choose its supplier. The chosen company shall be abbreviated to EuroInd. It supplies different segments of the hydraulics industry and even one-off projects such as the Millennium Dome (London), hydraulic motors operate winches to raise and lower support beams/curtains. Defining the market, composition. A market is a combination of potential and actual buyers of a service or product. The major potential markets include construction, fishing, mining, agriculture, industrial, marine, plastic
